1. Historical Geodata for Pre-Modern China: Case Study of the CHGIS Project IASSIST - Madison - 28 May 2004 Lex Berman Harvard Yenching Institute

2. a base GIS of Chinese adminisrative divisions 222 BCE 秦始皇 1911 CE 清宣统 POINT Features: National Capitals Province Capitals Prefecture Capitals County Capitals Towns & Villages POLYGON Features: National & Regime Boundaries Province Boundaries Prefecture Boundaries 1911 County Boundaries

3. placename feature type coordinates valid date source note spatial objects digital gazetteer GIS layers CHGIS = gazetteer database + GIS layers

4. placename admin unit, populated place, natural feature, religious site, archaeological site, trade route, place where an event occurred, etc feature type city, village, mountain, temple, ruin, trade route, etc footprint latitude and longitude for each feature source note citation of data source, commentary on feature valid date date or range of time for which this record is valid core elements of a digital gazetteer

6. gazetteer of named features – vernacular

7. document gazetteer entries with source notes

8. classify each entry according to Feature Type

9. administrative hierarchy = containership Town A Town B Town C County X County Y Prefecture 1 Prefecture 2 Province Z PART OF Table MAIN Table

10. Sample of CHGIS Part OF Table

11. Historical map materials - rare before 15 th Cent

12. Historical gazetteers – date back to 1 st Cent CE

13. Digitizaton process

14. current progress

15. how to use GIS – stacking layers

16. working with GIS - DEM background

17. density of settlements in 1911 dataset

18. simpler maps send a clearer message

19. extracting records for a specific year

20. Network model (Fujian 1050 CE)

21. comparison of changes over time 1050 CE 1250 CE

22. copy areas of interest to a separate shapefile select area of interest convert to “shapefile”

23. joining your own data values to CHGIS records export attribute data for focus area to TEXT file add a new column to the TEXT file enter new values in the new column, then REJOIN to original GIS focus area shapefile

24. working with CHGIS data – thematic mapping create chloropleth map based on your data

25. Thiessen polgyons generated from points center points + outer boundary Thiessen Polygons based on points aggregation of Thiessen boundaries

26. county thematic map - sorted by prefecture

27. population distribution – normalized by area

28. grain reserves distribution - by raw figures

29. grain reserves distribution - by area

30. Thiessen polygons compared with natural features DEM background Male Population (1820) normalized by area

31. georeferencing temple records, map view

32. overview of temple locations

33. density of temples at each location

34. China Historical GIS Project website: www.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis