Geo-marketing uses location data from mobile devices and customer information to send targeted, real-time promotions and messages to customers within a specified radius of a business. It analyzes historical customer behavior and current location data to predict future actions and personalize marketing, allowing businesses to see data on a map and better understand customer traffic and interests. This differs from traditional marketing by being scheduled, ongoing, customized to individuals rather than just products, and engaging customers who are already in the area of the business.