2. Global urban and rural Populations in billions (2007 and 2050)
UN Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs
9
8
7
6
Urban less developed
5
Urban industrailized
4
Rural
3
2
1
0
2007
2050

3. Cities of over 5 million inhabitants (1950, 2000, and 2015)
United Nations Organization, F. Lamiont

4. Slums/Informal Settlements
• 970 million people live in slums as of
2005
• More than 70% of urban dwellers in
Africa live in slums
• 270 million urban residents in south and
central Asia live in slums
• It is projected that if urban poverty rises
at the same pace, nearly 2 billion people
would be in slums by 2030
12/12/2011
4

5. Tenure Security
12/12/2011
5

6. Value Chain Shelter
12/12/2011
6

7. Housing at the Base of the Pyramid
BOP demand for housing
Income Distribution
Formal
Informal
income
Informal
Upper &
Middle class
Poor
National
Poverty Line
Very poor $2/day
Extreme poverty $1/day
12/12/2011
Formal
title
• Two-thirds of the world’s
population in lower income
countries live in substandard
shelter
• 70% of the world’s population
access shelter through
“progressive housing” (Ferguson.
2003)
• BOP spends more than $330 bn
annually on housing (WRI 2007)
• Over 20% of microenterprise
loans commonly are used for
housing
• Mortgage finance as a share of
GDP is very low in many
developing countries (Brazil 2%,
Indonesia 3%, Bolivia 8.6%,
against 79% US, 43% EU –
Ferguson 2010)
7