What is the Role of
Cloud Computing, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0 Semantic Technologies in an Era of Connected Governance? Mills Davis, Project10X February 17, 2009 Semantic Exchange | Semantic Community Workshop and Web Conference Fairfax, VA

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 2 Brand Niemann Mills Davis niemann.brand@epa.gov mdavis@project10x.com 1-202-667-6400 Brand Niemann is a senior enterprise architect at the Mills Davis is founder and managing director of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Washington, Project10X, a research consultancy that specializes in DC, where he works on Web 2.0/3.0 and co-leads next internet semantic technologies, applications, with Mills Davis, Semantic Communities dot Net, that infrastructure, markets, business models, strategy, provides Web 2.0 and 3.0 infrastructure and support and advanced solution development. Mills is active in to a number of communities of practice and hosts a both government and industry-wide technology series of workshops / webinars introducing Web 2.0 initiatives that are advancing cloud computing, Web and Web 3.0 semantic technologies to government in 2.0 and Web 3.0 semantic technologies. the context of specific problems. Mills directs the Semantic Wave research program, and the Semantic Exchange industry education initiative. He co-leads, with Brand Niemann (EPA), the Semantic Communities initiative that works with communities of interest and communities of practice in both public and private sectors to implement community-based collaborative solutions for research, resource networking, policy making, information sharing, knowledge management, multi-channel communication, and connected governance.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 3 Semantic Exchange | Semantic Communities Network for educating, training, collaborating, and pilot testing all things semantic, cloud computing, and Web 2.0/3.0. • SX-Media — We blog about next generation • SX-Events — We produce briefings, workshops, internet, cloud computing, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0 conferences, and webcasts on new directions in semantic technologies, news and information of e-governance, technology, and high value interest, and issues that weʼre tracking. We applications. We present solution case studies contribute articles and features to Semantic and demos that highlight business value. Report, Read-Write-Web, and several industry • SX-Training — We present in-depth tutorials and blogs and publications. hands-on training to build skills with tools, • SX-Collaboration — Semanticexchange.com is methods, and applications of cloud computing, a community read/write website that features web 2.0, and web 3.0 semantic technologies, industry news, research, information, and featuring demos and case studies lead by opinion, and provides links to product and industry experts. service information, demonstrations, and jump- • SX-Lab — We deliver high-impact jump-start and start kits. Semanticommunity.net is an open pilot programs providing access to best-of-breed collaboration environment where we host and technologies and expertise to envision, develop, support public and private sector communities of pilot test, and prove the value of web 2.0 and interest and communities of practice, and help web 3.0 solutions. conduct collaborative pilot projects.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 4 Who are the Semantic Exchange partners? Technology & service providers delivering solutions for transparent, cost-effective, connected governance. Source: Project10x, 2008

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 5 Semantic Exchange | Semantic Communities Helping public and private sector organizations learn, demonstrate, and pilot test innovative solutions for connected governance. Resources & Expertise Programs Helping Professional services, architecture, Communication Government ontology, applications, integration CONNECTED GOVERNANCE Tools, development platforms Collaboration Communities Web 2, Web 3, Cloud infrastructure, platforms, software, etc. as a service Research, discovery, search, query, Education Enterprises natural language, machine learning Social networking, interest tracking, Training Citizens Content authoring, tagging, linking, annotation, visualization, mashups Pilot Testing Collaboration, wikis, community platforms Ontology-driven applications Social media, communication, publishing, recommendation Intelligent user interface

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 6 Semantic Exchange | Semantic Communities Helping public and private sector organizations learn, demonstrate, and pilot test innovative solutions for connected governance. Implementing New Models, Practices and Solutions for Connected Governance Education Training Pilot Testing 1. New models for connection, engagement, and resourcing. 2. New models for collaboration, innovation and problem solving 3. New models and ecosystems for communication, interaction, and service delivery. 4. New models for policy making, governance, transparency, and management Information and Communication Technologies for Connected Governance 1. Cloud computing -- scalable, secure, & economical “everything as a service:” infrastructure, platform, software, etc. 2. Web 2.0 -- internet applications, services, and platforms for social computing, collaboration, communication, and service delivery. 3. Web 3.0 -- Front-end semantic technologies for search, data collaboration, ontology-driven apps, smart communication, and better user experience. Back-end semantic technologies integration and interoperability of infrastructure, information, processes, services, and decision-making. 4. Methodologies, tools and building blocks for developing and testing next generation connected governance solutions.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Introduction 7 Topics • New concepts and practices for connected governance • Role of Information and communication technologies in the era of connected governance • Near-term steps towards connected governance that every agency can take • Panel introductions

Viewpoint New Concepts and Practices
for Connected Governance • What is digital age democracy? • What is next generation government? • Whatʼs different about connected governance? - New models of connection, engagement, and resourcing - New models for collaboration, innovation, and problem solving - New models and ecosystems for communication and service delivery - New models for policy making, governance, and transparency - New models for computing, information sharing, and knowledge management

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 9 What is digital age democracy? A new era of connected governance. Source: Don Tapscott

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 10 What is next generation government? Transparency, engagement, collaboration, & communication. Source: Don Tappscott Source: Don Tappscott Source: Don Tappscott

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 11 What style of government for Obama? Connect and empower all Americans through technology and innovation. • Make government data available online in universally • Restore the basic principle that government decisions accessible formats to allow citizens to make use of that should be based on the best-available, scientifically-valid data to comment, derive value, and take action in their evidence and not on the ideological predispositions of own communities. For example, help citizens learn about agency officials. pollution in their communities, provide information about • Lift the veil from secret deals in Washington with a web local conditions back to government and empower people site, a search engine, and other web tools that enable to protect themselves. citizens easily to track online federal grants, contracts, • Establish pilot programs to open up government decision- earmarks, and lobbyist contacts with government officials. making and involve the public in the work of agencies, not • Give the American public an opportunity to review and simply by soliciting opinions, but by tapping into the vast comment on the White House website for five days before and distributed expertise of the American citizenry to help signing any non-emergency legislation. government make more informed decisions. • Bring democracy and policy deliberations directly to the • Require appointees who lead Executive Branch people by requiring Cabinet officials to have periodic departments and rulemaking agencies to conduct the national online town hall meetings to answer questions significant business of the agency in public, so that any and discuss issues before their agencies. citizen can watch a live feed on the Internet as the • Employ technologies, including blogs, wikis and social agencies debate and deliberate the issues that affect networking tools, to modernize internal, cross-agency, American society. Ensure these proceedings are archived and public communication and information sharing to for all Americans to review, discuss and respond. Require appointees to employ all the technological tools available improve government decision-making. to allow citizens not just to observe, but also to participate and be heard in these meetings. Source: Barack Obama: Connecting and Empowering all Americans through Technology and Innovation, November, 2007

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 12 Whatʼs different about connected governance? New models and ecosystems for engagement, interaction, decision-making, and service delivery. Policy-Making, 4 Governance, Transparency & Management 1 2 3 Connection, Collaboration, Communication, Engagement & Innovation & Interaction & Resourcing Problem-Solving Service Delivery 5 Next Internet, Web 2.0/3.0 Semantic Web & Cloud Computing

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 13 1. New models for connection, engagement, and resourcing.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 14 2. New models for collaboration, innovation and problem solving

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 15 3. New models and ecosystems for communication, interaction, and service delivery.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| New Concepts and Practices for Connectred Governance 16 4. New models for policy making, governance, transparency, and management

Viewpoint Role of Information and
Communication Technologies in the Era of Connected Governance • What are ICT technologies for connected governance? • What is the evolution of the internet to 2020? • What are characteristics of the next internet? • What is the role of new ICT technologies in connected governance? - Cloud computing - Web 2.0 - Web 3.0 & semantic web

18 From E-Gov to Connected
Governance | Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance What are ICT technologies for connected governance? Cloud computing, Web 2.0, Web 3.0 semantic technologies, and the next internet. ICT Technologies for Connected Governance Historically, when social communication media grow in capability, pace, scope, or scale, then people use these media, communication techniques and tools to construct more complex social arrangements and practices that increase human capacity to cooperate at larger and larger scales. IFTF–Technologies of Cooperation

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 19 What is the evolution of the internet to 2020? A tidal wave of four internet growth stages. The chart to the right depicts four stages of internet growth. Web 1.0, was about connecting information and getting on the net. Web 2.0 is about connecting people — putting the “I” in user interface, and the “we” into webs of social participation. Web 3.0 is starting now. It’s about representing meanings, connecting knowledge, and putting these to work in ways that make our experience of internet more relevant, useful, and enjoyable. Web 4.0 will come later. It is about connecting intelligences in a ubiquitous web where both people and things reason and communicate together. Over the next decade, semantic technologies will spawn multi-billion dollar technology markets that will drive trillion dollar global economic expansions to transform industries as well as our experience of the internet.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 20 What are characteristics of the next internet? Internet of services, things, and 3D interactivity. Virtualized infrastructure & everything as a service.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 21 What is cloud computing? Scalable, on-demand, click-and-run, pay-by-the-drink resources and services provisioned over the internet.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 22 What is Web 2.0? A web of participation. Web 2.0 is the the second stage the web. It is the social web that connects people. It is a web of participation. User consumes & creates. Sites are interactive, for example: blogs–keep a web-diary; Wikipedia — free encyclopedia, anyone edits; Del.icio.us — social bookmarking; mySpace, openBC – cultivate social relations; Flickr — share photos; and YouTube–broadcast yourself. According to Tim OʼReilly, several principles distinguish web 2.0, for example: (1) the web as platform (2) harnessing collective intelligence (3) data is the next Intel inside (4) end of the software release cycle (5) lightweight programming models (6) software above the level of a single device, and (7) rich user experiences. In addition Web 2.0 approaches embrace: remixing data and services; relation-orientation; the long tail; and bi- directional interaction. Web 2.0 social computing has both consumer and enterprise impacts. Source: EbOY

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 23 What are representative elements of Web 2.0? User experience, rich media, social computing, and collaboration. User Experience Rich Media

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 24 What key ideas motivate web 2.0 services? Web-as-platform. Provide a sandbox. Data and users are king.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 25 What is Web 3.0? A web of meanings and connected knowledge. Web 3.0 is the third stage of internet evolution that is starting now. It is a web of meanings. It connects knowledge. It represents meanings and knowledge about things so both computers and people can work with them. It adds new levels of intelligence to the user interface, social collaboration, applications, and the infrastructure of the web. Web 3.0 is not about re-inventing the internet; itʼs about making the internet more useful, and our experience of it better. Web 3.0 makes the internet more connected, open, and intelligent. Users are served by systems that present personalized information, are context-aware, can link and share information in relevant ways, connect with relevant people, better organize the digital life, combine and integrate processes, arrange dates and tasks, give meaningful answers instead of data in bulk. Semantic technologies tap new value by modeling knowledge, adding intelligence, and enabling learning. Web 3.0 gives us architectures of learning and knowing over and above architectures of social participation and “perpetual beta” that emerged during web 2.0. Web 3.0 systems will gain new knowledge and get better with use and with scale of adoption. Source: Mills Davis, Project10X

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 26 What are semantic technologies? Semantic technologies are tools and methods that represent knowledge separately from documents, data, and program code. • All programming methods represent knowledge some way in order to compute using it. • Knowledge structures that represent meanings, associations, theories, and know-how about the uses of things are called ontologies. • Fixed ontologies are relatively static, as in a general ledger. Dynamic ontologies have changing requirements, e.g.,: connecting and understanding an evolving web of structured data, documents, and web pages; composing mobile web services; or discovering and reasoning about relationships between events being reported on the worldwide web. • Both Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 technologies can process fixed ontologies describing resources, services, information, and computing infrastructure. The technology mix that is right depends on application characteristics. • Web 3.0 semantic technologies are required when solutions involve knowledge structures that are changing and dynamic.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 27 What is next generation semantic search? Recovery, discovery, intelligence, question answering, & smart behaviors.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 28

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance 29 What is next generation collaboration? Combining wikis, semantic content tools, semantic search, ontology-driven applications, and intelligent user interfaces. Future MediaWiki Semantic SMW+ Semantic MediaWiki Semantic Wikis MediaWiki+ Natural language Wikipedia Dbpedia Desktop import Transemantics Read/Write Linked Data Ontology mgmt Machine learning Semantic search Multi-agent apps Semantic apps

30 From E-Gov to Connected
Governance | Role of ICT in the Era of Connected Governance What are next generation semantic applications? Ontology-driven, active, immersive, adaptive, dynamic, and smarter.

From E-Gov to Connected Governance
| A Call to Action 31 What are seven steps towards connected governance that every agency can take? 1. Empower people with cloud computing, Web 5. Simplify linking and sharing public information 2.0 /Web 3.0 to connect, collaborate, and across systems, agencies, and jurisdictions. communicate across boundaries and at scale. Expose structure and meaning using semantic standards. Provide APIs, web services and 2. Establish pilot programs that open up widgets. Enable human and system to system government decision-making and involve the access. public in the work of agencies, not simply by soliciting opinions, but by tapping into the vast 6. Improve user experience with Web 2.0 / Web 3.0 and distributed expertise of the American semantic technologies. Upgrade web site UIs citizenry to help government make more with semantic search and query, natural informed decisions. language understanding, visualization, and reporting, that combines structured data sets, 3. Employ technologies, including blogs, wikis and document repositories, and web pages. Add social networking tools, to modernize internal, intelligence to user interfaces. cross-agency, and public communication and information sharing, and to improve collaboration 7. Use Web 2.0/3.0 social media channels to and government decision-making. converse, communicate, publish, and interact. Reach the public, co-workers, and constituents 4. Semantically enable desktop / webtop authoring where they are using a full spectrum of tools that are currently fragmented. Liberate communication channels, feeds, media, and siloed data and information. Make dynamic forums. mash-ups across applications, data types, platforms, and environments.

Panel Discussion What is the
Role of Cloud Computing, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0 Semantic Technologies in the Coming Era of Connected Governance? CAPABILITY COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE Semantic Web and Cloud Computing Intervise Michael Priddy, CEO Training Program & Professional Services Semantic Wiki Revelytix Michael Lang, Chairman Semantic Content, Mashups, and Lenses Cambridge Semantics Sean Martin, CEO Lee Feigenbaum, CTO Semantic Search, Query, Natural Expert System USA Brooke Aker, CEO Language, & Question Answering Semantic Research & Reporting Semantic Insights Chuck Rehberg, CTO Semantic Interoperability & Decision Be Informed Gert Rensen, VP Making Semantics, Sensor Data, & Wright State University Amit Sheth Ambient Intelligence

Thank you! Mills Davis Project10X
202-667-6400 www.project10x.com