for your edu

1. Origin of Life: Biogenesis &
Abiogenesis
Vanda Mendonca, PhD
Ecosystems Scientist
May 2014

2. History of Life on Earth
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Geologic_Clock_with_events_and_periods.svg

3. • Biogenesis is the production of new living
organisms or organelles
• The law of biogenesis, attributed to Louis
Pasteur, is the observation that living
things come only from other living things,
by reproduction
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenesis
Biogenesis

4. Abiogenesis – slide 1
• Abiogenesis or biopoiesis is the natural
process by which life arose from non-living
matter such as simple organic compounds
Read more on Organic Compounds:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound
• The Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years
ago. The earliest life ‘form’on Earth existed at
least 3.5 billion years ago. Perhaps 4.4. billion
years ago
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

5. Abiogenesis – slide 2
Abiogenesis Theory
Read more: http://www.factsnotfantasy.com/abiogenesis.php
http://people.highline.edu/iglozman/classes/astronotes/life.htm
Stanley Miller Experiment in 1953

6. The 1st Life ‘Forms’
• The earliest physical evidence for life on Earth is
biogenic graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old
metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western
Greeland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48
billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western
Australia
• Ongoing studies show that it may indeed have
started as earlier as 4.4 billion years ago
The Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

7. Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_%28biology%29#Summary
Linnaeus
1735
Haeckel
1866
Chatton
1925
Copeland
1938
Whittake
r
1969
Woese et al.
1977
Woese et
al.
1990
Cavalier-Smi
th
1993
Cavalier-
Smith
1998
2 kingdoms
3
kingdoms
2 empires
4
kingdoms
5
kingdoms
6 kingdoms 3 domains 8 kingdoms 6 kingdoms
(not
treated)
Protista
Prokaryota Monera Monera
Eubacteria Bacteria Eubacteria
Bacteria
Archaebacteria Archaea Archaebacteria
Fungi
Protoctista Protista Protista
Eucarya
Archezoa
Protozoa
Protozoa
Chromista Chromista
Vegetabilia Plantae Plantae
Plantae Plantae Plantae Plantae
Fungi Fungi Fungi
Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia
Scientific Classification Systems

8. Tree of Life
Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_%28biology%29

9. Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
• The Prokaryotes are a group of organisms
whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleous
(karyon), and have prokaryote cells
• Those organisms whose cells have a well
defined membrane bound nucleus and
organelles are called Eucaryotes, and have
eucaryote cells
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryote
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

10. Biological Life Cycle
• In biology, a life cycle is a series of
changes in form that an organism
undergoes, returning to the initial state
• Transitions of form may involve growth,
assexual reproduction, and/or sexual
reproduction
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_life_
cycle

11. Tipes of Life Cycle
• Haplontic life cycle — the haploid stage is
multicellular and the diploid stage is a single cell,
meiosis is "zygotic"
• Diplontic life cycle — the diploid stage is
multicellular and haploid gametes are formed,
meiosis is "gametic"
• Haplodiplontic life cycle (also referred to as
diplohaplontic, diplobiontic, or dibiontic life cycle)
— multicellular diploid and haploid stages occur,
meiosis is "sporic"
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_life_cycle

12. Alteration of Generations - slide 1
• In some organisms, different "generations" of the
species succed each other during the life cycle
• For plants and many algae, there are two
multicellular stages, and the life cycle is referred
to as Alternation of Generations
Read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternation_of_gener
ations

13. Alteration of Generations – slide 2
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alternation_of_generations_simpler.svg

14. For more
on Origin of Life on Earth go to
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History
_of_the_Earth#Origin_of_life

15. For more
on History of Life on Earth go to
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologi
cal_diversity#Evolution_and_history

16. If you are still looking for further
definitions then search here:
http://www.answers.com
http://www.wikipedia.org/