This session will explore the trends in the workforce for computing specialists as defined by the U.S. Department of Labor and look at the pipeline to fill the nearly one and a half million positions that will become available over the next six to eight years. Participants will learn the approaches and resources available to deal with this problem.

1. A National Crisis:
The State of Computer Science and Information
Technology in Schools and Future Workforce Projections
Joe Kmoch <joe@jkmoch.com>
Milwaukee Public Schools

2. Session Description
 This session will explore the trends in the
workforce for computing specialists as defined by
the U.S. Department of Labor, and look at the
pipeline to fill the nearly 1.5 million positions
that will be coming available over the next six to
eight years. Then we’ll look at approaches to
deal with this problem along with resources
available.
#NAFNext

3. Three Challenges
 The computing community in the US faces three
significant and interrelated challenges in
maintaining a robust IT workforce
1. Underproduction
2. Underrepresentation
3. Lack of a presence in K-12 education
(Jan Cuny, NSF CS10K Initiative)
#NAFNext

4. Overview
June 12, 2012

5. Snapshot: U.S. Employment
through 2020
Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020,
available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.
June 12, 2012

6. Quick Facts about Computing Jobs Though 2020
Computing and mathematics is one of the
TOP 10 fastest growing major
occupational groups 2010-2020.
150,000+ job openings in computing
annually.
1 in every 2 STEM jobs will be in
computing in 2020.
Sources: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available
at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Educational levels are calculated from BLS Occupational Projections Data, Employment 2010-
2020, available at http://data.bls.gov/oep/ and the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-2020, available at
http://bls.gov/ooh/.
June 12, 2012

7. U.S. Employment through 2020
How Computing Stacks Up To Healthcare
Growth Rates
22% job growth rate
in computing jobs, as comparable to
healthcare job growth rates 2010-2020.
51,000 projected shortfall
in qualified health IT workers 2011-2015.
90% of physicians
to use electronic health records by 2019 as
a result of the federal HITECH Act of 2009.
* Healthcare practitioners and technicians
Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), HITECH Programs, http://www.healthit.gov. Congressional Budget Office,
Analysis of HITECH Act of 2009.
June 12, 2012

8. The Bright Future For Computing
Jobs
June 12, 2012

9. Total Employment in STEM in 2020
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
* Subtotals do not equal 9.2 million due to rounding.
Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020,
available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.
June 12, 2012

10. Where the STEM Jobs Will Be
Projected Annual Growth of STEM Job Openings 2010-2020
* STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.
Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020,
available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.
June 12, 2012

11. Where the STEM Jobs Will Be
Annual STEM Degrees (2009) and Annual STEM Job Openings (2010-2020)
Sources: Degree data are calculated from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Science and Engineering Indicators 2012,
available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/appendix.htm. Annual jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-
medical degrees and occupations.
June 12, 2012

12. Where the STEM Jobs Will Be
Top 10 STEM Occupations by Total Employment in 2020
Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at
http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.
June 12, 2012

13. By the Numbers: Future Workforce
(2010-2020 projections)
• Expected Growth in jobs is very high in CS/IT and
Engineering
• CS/IT (us dept of labor: 15-1100)
– 2010 actual: 3,426,000
– 2020 projected: 4,184,700
• Engineers (us dept of labor: 17-2000)
– 2010 actual: 1,519,000
– 2020 projected: 1,679,400
June 12, 2012

14. By the Numbers: Future Workforce
(2010-2020 projections)
• CS/IT, +22%, 758,800 new jobs
– Software Developers & Programmers, +25%
– Computer System Analysts, +22%
– Database Sys Admins & Network Arch, +28%
– Computer Support Specialists, +18%
– Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, +15%
• Engineers, +11%, 160,400 new jobs
• http://www.bls.gov/emp/tables.htm
June 12, 2012

15. By the Numbers: Future Workforce
(2010-2020 projections)
• CS/IT, 1366.2 (758.8 growth + 607.4 repl)
– Software Dev & Prog, 493.9 (314.6 gr + 179.3 repl)
– Computer System Analysts, 222.5 (120.4 gr + 104.1 repl)
– DB Sys Admins & Network Arch, 207.9 (130.6 gr + 77.3 repl)
– Comp Support Specialists, 269.5 (110.0 gr + 159.5 repl)
– Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, 172.5
(83.3 gr + 89.2 repl)
• Engineers, 526.0 (160.4 growth, 365.6 repl.)
June 12, 2012

16. Earnings Potential in Computing
June 12, 2012

17. Where the U.S. Jobs Will Be
Top 10 Major Occupational Groups 2010-2020 and Average Salaries in May 2011
% Growth 2011 Average
Major Occupational Group
2010-2020 Annual Salary
1 Healthcare Support Occupations 35% $27,370
2 Personal Care and Service Occupations 27% $24,620
3 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations 26% $72,730
4 Community and Social Service Occupations 24% $43,830
5 Construction and Extraction Occupations 22% $44,630
6 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 22% $78,730
7 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 17% $68,740
8 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 16% $67,470
9 Education, Training, and Library Occupations 15% $50,870
10 Transportation and MaterialSources: JobsOccupations are of Labor Statistics (BLS),Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at at
Moving data are from the Bureau from BLS Occupational Employment Projections 2010-2020, available
http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data 15% $33,200
http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm.
June 12, 2012

18. Where the STEM Jobs Will Be
Projected Growth of Selected STEM Jobs 2010-2020
2010 Total % Growth 2011 Average
STEM Job
Employment 2010-2020 Annual Salary
Engineering and Architectural Managers 176,800 9% $129,350
Computer and Information Systems Managers 307,900 18% $125,660
Aerospace Engineers 81,000 5% $103,870
Software Developers, Systems and Applications 913,100 30% $96,250
Biochemists and Biophysicists 25,100 31% $87,640
Civil Engineers 262,800 19% $82,710
Database Administrators 110,800 31% $77,350
Environmental Scientists 89,400 19% $68,810
Chemists 82,200 4% $74,780
Anthropologists and Archeologists 6,100 21% $59,040
Sources: Jobs data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at
http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data are from BLS Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at
http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm.
STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations. June 12, 2012

19. Pipeline of Talent in Computing
June 12, 2012

20. Higher Education Pipeline in Computing
Source: National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 and various years,
available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/. Data are not available from 1999.
June 12, 2012

21. Higher Education Pipeline in Computing
CRA Taulbee Survey Results
Source: Computing Research Association, Taulbee Survey 2010-2011, available at
http://www.cra.org/resources/taulbee/ (providing voluntary responses from Ph.D.-granting universities on new
enrollments and degrees awarded in their undergraduate CS/CE programs.
June 12, 2012

22. High School Advanced Placement
Exams 2011
Computer
Science
Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-
reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data
of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer
Science A and B.
June 12, 2012

23. High School Advanced Placement
Exams 1997-2011
Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-
reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data
of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer
Science A and B.
June 12, 2012

24. High School Advanced Placement
Exams 2011
Male Female
Computer Science
Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-
reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data
of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer
Science A and B.
June 12, 2012

25. Conclusion
June 12, 2012

26. Conclusion
• K-12 computer science education will open more economic
opportunities than any other subject for the 21 st Century.
• The future is bright for students entering in this field or gaining
this critical knowledge to apply to almost any field of employment.
• Jobs in computing are among the fastest growing of any profession
and pay higher wages.
• Despite these opportunities, significant barriers exist to exposing
students to computer science in K-12 and keeping them in the
computing education pipeline
• We need to address the key issues:
– Clarify the role and place for K-12 computer science education
– Lift state standards and make courses “count”
– Support computer science teachers
– Address diversity issues
• We need to put computer science within the core of a student’s
education
June 12, 2012

27. That’s nice data, but so what?
*Slide is from Ed Lazowska
The instructional practices and assessments discussed or shown are not an endorsement by ACM or the U.S. Department of
Education.

28. How did we get to where we’re at in K-12?
 Perceptions of CS/IT job market
 Perceptions of the kind of jobs these are
 Budget cutting
 CS/IT courses deemed expendable, not required,
not mainstream
 Results of schools reacting to NCLB
28

29. How did we get to this situation in K-12?
 Lack of courses
 Lack of trained and interested teachers
 Lack of professional development opportunities
 Cost of teacher certification
 Need for development of a national curriculum
similar to PLTW (including courses, prof development,
marketing)
o focused more around computer science and computational thinking
29

30. What can we do?
 Get Involved...
Advocate for CS & IT

31. But how???
 Learn about advocacy and advising materials
 Use them in your classroom with students
 Talk with parents
 Talk with your principal and district administrators
 Talk with current students
 Visit middle school students
 Develop workshops for pre-high school students

32. Computing is the new literacy
...the ability to make digital technology do
whatever, within the possibly on wants it to do – to
bend digital technology to one’s needs, purposes
and will, just as in the present we bend words and
images
--Marc Prensky, Edutopia, 1/13/2008
We want and need kids to be creators not just
consumers of technology

33. Advocacy Small Group Activity
 Here’s a poster about computing careers and a
Guide for Policy Makers
 Pick one of them and get into small groups
 If you have a poster, design a classroom lesson
around the poster for appropriate age level (high
school)
 If you have the policy brochure, plan an advocacy
event for a parents’ council or a school board
meeting based on the brochure
 Share results after 10-15 minutes

34. CSTA
 Both of these are from the CSTA.
 This is a group you should join (it’s free for
individuals)
 They have great resources available

35. “Imagine Your Future...” brochure
activity
 Read the brochure
Imagine Your Future in Computing
 In small groups, think about
o how you could use this in your school
o creating an activity in your classroom
 We’ll share ideas in about 10 min

36. CSTA Chapters
 In order to build a network of computer science
teachers locally, you and your local friends should
consider joining or starting one.
 Here’s some information for you

37. CS Ed Week
 Starting in 2010, Computer Science Education
Week will always be held during the week
containing December 9
 This is the week of Grace Hopper’s birthday
(December 9, 1906)
 to recognize the critical role of computing in
today’s society and the imperative to bolster
computer science education at all levels.
 http://csedweek.org

39. NCWIT
 National Center for Women and Information
Technology
 K-12 Alliance produces many materials
 Award for Aspirations in Computing
 Counselor materials <ncwit.org/c4c>
 Many other readable resources about computing,
girls in computing, what courses should I be
taking, best practices

41. NCWIT C4C materials
 Pathway Resources (handouts)
o University, Two-year College, Military
o Poster
 Counselor Talking Points
 Computing Education and Future Jobs: national,
state and congressional district data
<http://www.ncwit.org/edjobsmap>
 Webinar, info sheet, upcoming slideshow

44. Computing in the Core
 Advocating for K-12 Computer Science Education
 Coalition of associations, corporations, scientific
societies and other non-profits
 Advocate to elevate cs education to a core
academic subject in K-12 education
 ACM, CSTA, Google, IEEE Microsoft, NCWIT,
College Board, NCTM, NSTA, Oracle, SAS
 <http://www.computinginthecore.org>

46. Questions?
Thank you
Joe Kmoch
joe@jkmoch.com
http://expandingcswisconsin.pbworks.com