"The Grinnells & Howlands", presentation by James Grinnell

GRINNELL, HOWLAND, & HMS RESOLUTE
A New Bedford Whaling Museum Volunteer Project
Dedicated to Peter S. Grinnell, a founder of WHALE and NBWM benefactor (slide 678).

Gift of Helen Grinnell King NBWM #2011.3.21
Gift of Helen Grinnell King NBWM #2011.3.1

Sylvia (Howland) Grinnell
Captain Cornelius Grinnell
1765-1837
1758-1850

The Arctic ship “RESOLUTE’’ 1857
Published by Royal Collection Trust / © HM Queen Elizabeth II 2012
Acquired by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert c. 1857
“The RESOLUTE became trapped in ice in 1852 and remained stuck until rescued by an American whaler in 1855. She
was towed back to New London, Connecticut, where she was refitted and eventually handed back to Britain as part
of a diplomatic gesture [advocated by Henry Grinnell]. Queen Victoria received the ship on 16 December 1856.”
Creator: Meade Brothers (Charles Richard Meade 1826-1858) and Henry WM Meade (1823-1865)
http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/2932765/the-arctic-ship-resolute-new-york
1

Includes: Elisha Kent Kane, Capt. C. F. Hall, Queen Victoria, William Bradford, Albert Bierstadt,
Hetty Green, Henry Huttleston Rogers, the FLYING CLOUD, the CHARLES W. MORGAN, & the WANDERER
Table of Contents
Chapter I. Henry Grinnell & the HMS RESOLUTE – slide 4
Chapter II. William Bradford, Albert Bierstadt, & the Grinnells – slide 121
Chapter III. Tall Ships, Bradford’s Fairhaven, & Henry H. Rogers – slide 216

Chapter IV. Scrimshaw: Gifts from Weston Howland & Family – slide 304
Chapter V. Grinnell & Howland Old Dartmouth Roots – slide 404
Chapter VI. The FLYING CLOUD & the Yachtsmen – slide 504
Chapter VII. Homes of Old Dartmouth Relatives – slide 567
Chapter VIII. CHARLES W. MORGAN, Colonel Green, & Historic Preservation – slide 621
Chapter IX. Pacific Northwest Descendants & Addenda – slide 679

Acknowledgements
From the Whaling Museum, I thank: Trustee Chair John Garfield, President James Russell, Curators Michael
Lapides & Michael Dyer, Librarians Laura Pereira & Mark Procknik, Robert Rocha, Arthur Motta, Brian
Witkowski, Melanie Correia, Sarah Budlong, and Sarah Mink. For William Bradford Sailing Ships & Arctic Seas, I
thank Director Emeritus Richard C. Kugler; for The New Bedford Yacht Club, I thank Trustee Llewellyn Howland
III; and for Greetings From Dartmouth, Massachusetts, I thank Curator Judith Lund and Beverly Glennon. I also
thank Paul Cyr & Janice Hodson at the New Bedford Free Public Library, Debbie Charpentier & Carolyn
Longworth at the Millicent Library, and Jay Avila & Joseph Thomas at Spinner Publications. For their inspiration
and love of Old Dartmouth, I thank former Mayor John Bullard (1st WHALE Agent/Director), Prof. Toby Dills,
James Lopes, Esq., Seth Mendell, Don Cuddy, Rev. Robert Thayer, Peggi Medeiros, and many other people. For
the use of their books, I thank Dr. Stuart Frank for Ingenious Contrivances, Curiously Carved: Scrimshaw in the
New Bedford Whaling Museum; Marsha McCabe & Joseph Thomas for Not Just Anywhere; Barbara Fortin for
Colonel Edward Howland Robinson Green and the World he Created at Round Hill; J. Parkinson, Jr. for The
History of the New York Yacht Club; Russell A. Potter for Arctic Spectacles, Ken McGoogan for Lady Franklin’s
Revenge & Race to the Polar Sea; R. E. Train for The Bowdoin Family, H. Wahlberg for Reflections on a River; H.
L. Satterlee for J. Pierpont Morgan: An Intimate Portrait, J. K. Wright for Geography in the Making: The American
Geographical Society 1851-1951, the Grinnell Family Association and E.W. Grinnell for Matthew Grenelle’s
Descendants, William M. Emery, Zephaniah Pease, Daniel Ricketson, and many others. My objective has been to
share my love of Old Dartmouth and its artists, architecture, sailing ships, and Whaling Museum. The writer is a
retired educator and amateur history “buff” with no formal training or experience in research or genealogy; and this Ancestry of the Grinnell Family: Wm. Emery, 1931
(Note: French Ancestry is not accurate.)
digital history has been an independent, volunteer project which has not been professionally vetted or reviewed.
2

Preface
This digital family history has its roots in the 2011 New Bedford
Whaling Museum’s Old Dartmouth Roots Symposium (below),
and it is limited primarily to descendants and close relatives of
Cornelius and Sylvia (Howland) Grinnell. At first, it may seem
odd to include some non-related famous people from Old
Dartmouth. However, some of these people were neighbors and
some were close relatives like Hetty Green, the only child of Abby
Howland (slide 206, etc.). Henry Huttleston Rogers’ best man and
brother-in-law was a Cornelius Grinnell, who is buried next to
William Bradford (slides 178 & 263). Bradford was a next door
neighbor to Capt. Joshua Grinnell in Fairhaven (slide 186), and
Bradford and Albert Bierstadt had adjoining studios in New York
(slide 190). Bierstadt grew up in New Bedford and had a mansion
next door to Moses Grinnell on the Hudson River (slide 209+),
and Henry Grinnell was world renowned in the mid 1800’s for his
Arctic Expeditions. The first chapter is devoted to Henry and his
contributions that were posthumously honored by Queen Victoria
with a desk make out of the remains of the H.M.S. RESOLUTE.
Much of the material in this family history has been included as
background for the Museum’s future Evolution of an American
Port City project, the July 2014 visit of the CHARLES W. MORGAN,
and the 2013 Arctic Visions exhibit. The Whaling Museum was
originally named the Old Dartmouth Historical Society.
http://www.whalingmuseum.org/explore/exhibitions/upcoming/arctic-visions
Curator: Michael Lapides

http://www.whalingmuseum.org/programs/past-programs/old-dartmouth-roots-2011 http://www.whalingmuseum.org/explore/exhibitions/upcoming/
Symposium sponsored by ECHO (Education through Cultural and Historical Organizations) commerce-industry-evolution-american-port-city
a program administered by the U.S. Dept. of Education.

Concept, Text, Research, & Design
Copyright © 2013 by James B. Grinnell, Jr.
All Rights Given to the New Bedford Whaling Museum
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY 3

DARTMOUTH TOWNSHIP
Originally included Westport, Dartmouth, New Bedford, Fairhaven, & Acushnet. Tiverton & Little Compton, R.I. were include until 1746.

RHODE ISLAND MASSACHUSETTS
ACUSHNET
BRISTOL

NEW

MATTAPOISETT
BEDFORD
FAIRHAVEN

PORTSMOUTH

WESTPORT
DARTMOUTH
TIVERTON
Mass. & R.I.
JAMESTOWN

Wm. Bradford’s Home
MIDDLETOWN on New Bedford
Harbor
NEWPORT
Oak Grove
LITTLE
Cemetery
COMPTON
Mass. & R.I
Howland Homestead at Round Hill

Sylvia (Howland) Grinnell and four preceding generations of Howlands were born at Round Hill Farm, Dartmouth Bristol County Map (H.F. Walling & O.W. Gray, Boston, 1871)
(slides 405 & 567+). Capt. Cornelius, Sylvia, Joseph, Cornelia, Lawrence, Frederick, Russell, & 40+ other Grinnells are buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. 4

Chapter I. Henry Grinnell & the HMS RESOLUTE

Gift of Mrs. Peter S. Grinnell NBWM #1983.58.2 Gift of Mrs. Peter S. Grinnell NBWM #1983.58.1

Philanthropist Henry Grinnell QUEEN VICTORIA’S GIFT
Born in New Bedford February 18, 1799 NBWM’s Grinnell RESOLUTE Desk
“Author/Advocate/Sponsor”: Grinnell Arctic Expeditions 1850-55 Given by Queen Victoria to Sarah (Minturn) Grinnell in
“Principal Subscriber”: Isaac I. Hayes 1860 Expedition** gratitude for her husband Henry’s “…great exertions…in the
Advocate/Sponsor/Treasurer: Capt. C. F. Hall Arctic Expeditions (3) search to ascertain the fate of Captain Sir John Franklin.”
Founding President: American Geographical Society Henry “exerted” over $5 million & countless hours, 1850-1856.
**New York Times, Dec. 18, 1881 (slide 80). This desk represents his two decades of leadership in arctic exploration.
5

Henry Grinnell: “FATHER OF AMERICAN ARCTIC DISCOVERY”*
1799-1874
Son of Capt. Cornelius & Sylvia (Howland) Grinnell

Henry Howland was a brother of
Pilgrim John Howland and Henry
Grinnell’s great, great, great, great
grandfather. Henry Howland came
over from England around 1622 and
settled in Duxbury. In 1656, the The Howland Heirs: William M. Emery, 1919, pg. 249
Pilgrims disenfranchised him for
holding Quaker meetings, and he
purchased land in Dartmouth.
Created at 182 Regent St., London NBWM #1983.58.3.6

Hetty Green was also a direct descendant of Henry Howland. Her mother, Abigail Howland was a first cousin of Henry’s
mother, Sylvia Howland. According to family mythology, Henry Grinnell and Hetty Green were named after Henry Howland.
Henry Howland plaque is in the Water St. entrance to the Wattles Family Gallery, NBWM
*Capt. C. F. Hall in Geography in the Making: The American Geographical Society 1851-1951: by John K. Wright, 1952, pg. 57 (slide 748)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Francis_Hall http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grinnell
6

Presidents’ RESOLUTE Desk

ttp://www.ierehousemuseum.org/furnishings/resolute-desk.htm

“JFK, Jr. peeking out of FDR's panel
in the RESOLUTE desk in 1962”
Life - Stanley Tretick
Oval Office, circa 1996 7

PRESIDENTS’ DESK made from the RESOLUTE

Library of Congress - Frances Benjamin Johnston

“Secretary of State John Hay signs a peace treaty with Spain at the RESOLUTE desk in President McKinley's office, circa 1899.”

8

Whaling Museum’s GRINNELL DESK made from the RESOLUTE
Badly tarnished Grinnell Desk plaque in process of restoration. Nearly identical inscriptions on the two RESOLUTE Desk plaques.

Grinnell RESOLUTE Desk

NBWM #1983.58.1_v1sm

American Geographical Society
President Henry Grinnell
“The Constitution of the newly formed American Geographical
Society was adopted at a public meeting held in John Disturnell's
Geographical and Statistical Library, 179 Broadway, New York,
on October 9, 1851. Henry Grinnell, eight officers, and an
Executive Committee of eight were duly elected.” (slides 745+)
The U. S. Grinnell Expedition: by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, U.S.N., 1854 (slide 28)
www.amergeog.org//1851.htm

“…in 1850, at his own expense [Henry] fitted out an expedition to search for Sir John Franklin…” (Howland Heirs, Emery). The U. S.
Grinnell Expedition of 1850-1851 was the first American arctic expedition (slide 28). The Second Grinnell Expedition was in 1853-1855
(slide 42), and Henry Grinnell assisted in the financing, promotion, and management of four other U.S arctic expeditions through 1870.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grinnell http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_lost_expedition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Franklin 9

Henry Grinnell’s fortune originated in New Bedford whaling and
his father’s rise to first mate, captain, ship owner, & bank director.

NBWM #Mss 2, S-g 3, Series A, Vol 1

William Rotch, Jr. to: “Capt. Cornelius Grinnell master of the Ship Bedford”
December 4, 1795
Henry was the third son of Cornelius Grinnell and Sylvia Howland. Capt. Cornelius was born in Little Compton on Feb. 11,
1758 and died in New Bedford on April 19, 1850 (slides 423 & 501+). He was a poor boy who came to New Bedford to serve
an apprenticeship as a hatter (slide 425). William Rotch, Jr. came from a prominent whaling family that had transferred their
whaling business from Nantucket and founded the New Bedford whaling industry. Cornelius was only a private during the
Revolution. The fact that he was not promoted beyond that rank, indicates that not only was he poor but he had no political or
social connections. By 1785, he had worked his way up to first mate of the most celebrated ship in New Bedford at that time,
the REBECCA. In the above letter, William Rotch, Jr. wrote: “I hope I shall find a conveyance for a few more casks of oil –
Capt. Cornelius Grinnell master of the Ship BEDFORD of this Port being bound to New York to seek a freight if he should not
succeed will probably want to load his Ship with lumber, in which case I have given him liberty to draw upon you for a few
thousand Dollars on my account, should he draw you will oblige me by paying his drafts & informing me thereof.” 10

Abolitionist William Rotch, Jr., c. 1845
Cameo: gift of Mrs. Peter S. Grinnell

In addition to being a prominent businessman, William Rotch, Jr.
was a well-known abolitionist (slide 428). His family were
Quakers who brought their whaling business from Nantucket to
New Bedford. During the 1820’s (?), he became a Unitarian like
many of New Bedford’s Quakers. As a businessman, he was a
banker and the owner of many ships including the BEDFORD, the
first ship to fly the Stars & Stripes in England after the
Revolutionary War. Capt. Cornelius was an owner of 16+ ships
with his sons and Howland relatives. They owned the ship
EUPHRATES from its launching in 1809 until it was sunk by the
nefarious Confederate Gunboat SHENANDOAH in 1865 (slides 517
& 513). William Rotch, Jr. & Capt. Cornelius were business
associates for decades. They died in the same week in 1850, were
both over 90 years old and shared an obituary in The New Bedford
Mercury (slide 501). They were buried near each other in the
“Unitarian section” of Oak Grove Cemetery (slides 501 & 502).
Capt. Cornelius was visited by former President John Quincy
Adams on Sept. 28, 1843 while he was visiting his eldest son,
Congressman Joseph Grinnell (slide 476). Thus, the poor army
private lived to be accepted at the top level of society. Moses
Grinnell, who became the president of the family shipping
company (Fish, Grinnell & Co. and Grinnell Minturn, & Co.)
worked in the Rotch Counting House before he went to New York
and developed the family business into an international company
of very high repute in the China Trade and in a strictly scheduled
packet service to London and Liverpool from New York.
NBWM #1984.21.3

11

William R. Rotch & Co. to Fish & Grinnell, NY: Feb. 17, 1819

William R. Rotch & Co. Letter Book: 1818-1837 NBWM: Mss 2, s-g 7, Series 1, s-s 1, Folder 1

The fortune that Henry Grinnell spent on 20+ years of Arctic exploration was made in the firm of Fish, Grinnell & Co. (became Grinnell,
Minturn & Co.). Unfortunately, few records of these companies have survived. On Dec. 7, 1885, The New York Times ran a lengthy
article on Capt. Preserved Fish, Capt. Cornelius Grinnell’s long-time partner and friend. This article included the following about the
origin of Fish & Grinnell: “He [Capt. Fish] quit the sea in 1810, settled down in New-Bedford, formed a partnership with Cornelius
Grinnell and under the firm name of Fish & Grinnell carried on a money-making business as shipping merchants.” Other sources state
that Fish & Grinnell was founded in 1815 by Preserved Fish and Joseph Grinnell, son of Capt. Cornelius. In Jan. 1826, Henry and brother
Moses became partners along with older brother Joseph and the name was changed to Fish, Grinnell & Co. William R. Rotch was a son
of William Rotch, Jr. Hand-copying letters in books is how business records were saved before carbon paper was invented. In addition to
70+ ships registered in New Bedford, it has been estimated that the Grinnells owned/managed over 50 ships registered in New York
including the Donald McKay built packet ship CORNELIUS GRINNELL and famous clipper ship FLYING CLOUD (see chapter VI).
This letter book contains copies of letters that William R. Rotch & Co. wrote to Fish & Grinnell on the following dates: 2/27/1819, 4/16/1819, 5/3/1819, 6/25/1819,
7/3/1819, 8/4/1819, 8/30/1819, 9/21/1819, 11/1/1819, 1/26/1820, 2/24/1820, 3/13/1820, 3/18/1820, 4/11/1820, 6/28/1820, 8/7/1820, 8/16/1820, 8/27/1820, 9/18/1820,
9/27/1820, 11/4/1820, 2/14/1821, 2/26/1821, 4/14/1821, 5/22/1821, 6/18/1821, 8/25/1821, 9/22/1821, 10/2/1821 (2), 10/21821 (2), 2/4/1822, 2/23/1822, 3/4//1822,
6/18/1822, 7/8/1822, 10/4/1823, 10/11/1823, 10/21/1823, 11/23/1823, 11/28/1823, 12/13/1823, 4/17/1824, 5/11/1824, 5/28/1824, 6/1/1824, 10/16/1824, 10/20/1824 (2),
11/20/1824, 12/24/1824, 2/19/1825, 3/8/1825, 7/14/1825 (2), 7/25/1825, 8/26/1825, 10/25/1825 (3), 12/1/1825, 12/8/1825, 1/17/1826, 1/24/1826 (2), 1/28/1826,
2/15/1826, 3/15/1826, 3/18/1826, 3/23/1826, 4/10/1826, 4/13/1826, 4/15/1826 (2), 4/24/1826, 7/29/1826, 8/10/1826, 9/6/1826, 9/23/1826, 9/29/1826, 10/9/1826,
10/18/1826, 12/13/1826, 2/26/1827 (4), 4/18/1827, 4/20/1827, 4/23/1827, 5/11/1827, 5/22/1827, and 6/11/1827. As indicated, multiple letters were sent on some dates.
12

William R. Rotch & Co. to Henry Grinnell: Sept. 22, 1821

NBWM: Mss 2, s-g 7, Series 1, s-s 1, Folder 1

The above letter marks the beginning of Henry’s career that lead to his partnership in Grinnell, Minturn & Co. Henry was
born on Feb. 18, 1799, he was just twenty-two years old and a “commission merchant” in New York shipping & selling
whale oil for one of the most famous whaling families of New Bedford. Henry’s brothers Cornelius, Jr. and Joseph had
preceded him into the New York shipping trade; and their father, Capt. Cornelius, had begun his career as a ship owner and
merchant in the late 1700’s. Grinnell, Minturn’s roots date back to the ships owned by the Grinnell & Howlands in the early
1800’s (slide 446+). Even though he retired from his partnership around the time the FLYING CLOUD was built, Henry
continued as an investor/member. He spent most of his fortune and the rest of his life promoting and funding Arctic
exploration. The Wm. T. Russell mentioned in the above letter was married to Henry’s sister Sylvia, and they lived at 66
Bedford St. (slide 606) about half a block from the County St. homes of Cornelius, Jr. and Joseph Grinnell (slides 458 &
460). On the following dates William R. Rotch & Co. wrote letters directly to Henry Grinnell: 9/22/1821, 12/4/1821,
3/4/1822, 1/29/1823, 10/27/1823, 11/6/23, 4/17/1824, 5/8/1824, 10/4/1824, 10/28/1824, 10/30/1824, 11/13/1824, 2/26/1825,
& 5/14/1825. In January 1826, Fish & Grinnell became Fish, Grinnell & Co. and William R. Rotch & Co. ceased sending
letters directly to Henry, and he and younger brother Moses became partners in Fish, Grinnell & Co. with brother Joseph.
13


William R. Rotch & Co. to Fish & Grinnell, 1825
In the mid 1820’s Fish & Grinnell became Fish, Grinnell & Co. when Henry and younger brother Moses became partners.
Joseph and Capt. Preserved Fish retired and Robert Minturn, Henry’s brother-in-law, became a partner. The name was officially
changed to Grinnell, Minturn & Co. in 1833. During his “retirement”, Joseph was a congressman, president of the Marine Bank,
president of the New Bedford & Taunton Railroad, and president of Wamsutta Mills from 1847 to 1885 (slide 500, etc.).
14

Right: first letter from
William R. Rotch & Co. to
Fish, Grinnell & Co.
January 17, 1826
(Henry & Moses added as partners.)

Fish & Grinnell
Incorporation and
Name Changes

Grinnell, Minturn & Co.

Right: first letter from
William R. Rotch & Co. to
Grinnell, Minturn & Co.
October 10, 1837
(Name changed in 1833.)

15

Grinnell Brothers’
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_H._Grinnell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grinnell
ships registered in Connecticut
in addition to the 100+ ships in Massachusetts
& New York that they owned/managed.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Grinnell

Mystic Seaport George W. Blunt Library
The next slide shows that Joseph Grinnell was also an
owner of the GEORGE WASHINGTON, which had been
built for him (& others) in New Bedford in 1832. As
will be shown, Joseph had been a founder of Grinnell,
Minturn (originally named Fish & Grinnell) along
with their father, Capt. Cornelius Grinnell and uncle,
Capt. Preserved Fish. Joseph’s brother, Cornelius, Jr.,
was also a founder. Cornelius, Jr. suffered a tragic
death in 1830 (slide 419). Younger brothers William
P. & James M. Grinnell also owned several ships.
HENRY GRINNELL: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuPeople.cfm?PersonId=11431
MOSES GRINNELL: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuPeople.cfm?PersonId=11430
JOSEPH GRINNELL: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuPeople.cfm?PersonId=19461 16

Sample of Grinnell, Minturn & Co. ships registered in Connecticut

Ship GEORGE WASHINGTON: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuVessel.cfm?VesselId=104200
Ship WILLIAM C. NYE: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuVessel.cfm?VesselId=112098
Ship CLEMATIS: http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/CuVessel.cfm?VesselId=101673 17

Creator: Montardier, 1828 Given “In Memory of LLEWELLYN HOWLAND” by Llewellyn Howland, Jr. NBWM #1979.3.3

Ship EUPHRATES
Sunk by Confederate Steamer SHENANDOAH on June 23, 1865
Owned by Grinnells & Howlands 1809 to 1865
Owned by Cornelius Grinnell 1809-1850
Owned by Henry Grinnell 1842-1862 18

Ship EUPHRATES
Joseph Grinnell was the surveyor when this ship was
built in 1809. He was just 21, and his success at this
important position resulted in his uncle, Capt. John
Howland, taking him to New York in 1810 and making
him a junior partner in several ships. Through the
ownership and management of many ships like the
EUPHRATES, Joseph, his father, three of his brothers and
many of his relatives became very wealthy men. This
wealth enabled Henry to become a major contributor to
six Arctic expeditions, and most of the Howland
owners on the left were Henry’s uncles or cousins. In
fact, the EUPHRATES was owned by the extended
Grinnell-Howland family from the time it was built in
1809 until it was burned by the Confederate raider
SHENANDOAH on June 22, 1865. Even after the
nefarious Captain Waddell of the SHENANDOAH learned
on June 23, 1865 that the Civil War had ended, he
captured or sank twenty-one additional Union vessels
(slide 517). Capt. Cornelius Grinnell was an owner of
the EUPHRATES from 1809 until he died in 1850; and his
friend, in-law, and partner (Capt. Preserved Fish) was
an owner from 1809 to 1815.

In addition to many New York ships, Henry Grinnell
owned the following New Bedford ships: SARAH
(#2829), BRIGHTON (#330), CORNELIA (#664), GEORGE
WASHINGTON (#1226), & EUPHRATES (#979). Henry
Grinnell became an owner of the EUPHRATES in 1842
and remained an owner until it was sunk in 1865 (left).

The Grinnells & Howlands were owners of this ship
and many others in New Bedford and New York. The
EUPHRATES was one of the 59 New Bedford ships
owned by Capt. Cornelius Grinnell and his offspring.
One source states that they also owned or leased at least
55 ships in New York.
Ship Registers of New Bedford NBWM Research Library 19

ONEIDA
“Chinese School of Painting” NBWM #1994.53

Owned by Joseph Grinnell (Henry’s brother) & others. Sunk by Confederates on April 24, 1863.

New Bedford Ship Registers Error: ONEIDA was sunk by the FLORIDA, not by Capt. Sommes and the ALABAMA NBWM Batchelder File
20

FLYING CLOUD
To Messrs Grinnell, Minturn & Co. This Print of their Splendid CLIPPER SHIP “FLYING CLOUD”.

Lithograph by: N. Currier

Henry Grinnell was a founding partner of Grinnell, Minturn & Co.; and he was a member until 1864.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Cloud_(clipper) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grinnell,_Minturn_%26_Co
21

NBWM #1983.58.3.5
NBWM #1983.58.3.11

Henry Grinnell was a partner in
Grinnell, Minturn & Co., owners of Sarah (Minturn) Grinnell, Henry’s
the China Clipper FLYING CLOUD. wife, was a sister of Robert Minturn,
(slides 21 & 504+). On his a partner in Grinnell, Minturn & Co.
mother’s side (Howland), Henry (slide 6). On their mother’s side
came from five generations of (Bowne), the Minturn’s came from
Massachusetts Quakers (Chapter V). generations of New York Quakers.

Old Dartmouth Historical Society, 1940 22

New Bedford in China Trade
by Capt. William L. Hawes, 1940
Old Dartmouth Historical Society

Including the ONEIDA & the FLYING CLOUD

Henry
Grinnell 23

****

**
** *****

*

Henry Grinnell
Father of U.S. Arctic Exploration
*** *** 1850-1870
***
Henry was the sponsor, CEO, treasurer,
*** & principal contributor to below expeditions.
***
*** *U. S. Grinnell Expedition: 1850-1851

*** **Second Grinnell (Kane) Expedition: 1853-55
***
***Capt. C. F. Hall Expeditions: 1860-1869
****Hall Polaris Expedition: 1870-1871
Henry was an advocate/sponsor/contributor only.

*****William Bradford’s Art Expedition: 1869
SECOND ARCTIC EXPEDITION MADE BY CHARLES F. HALL by Prof. J. E. Nourse, 1879 (slides 95+) Henry’s advice & support were likely but
Expeditions marked in red were sponsored/backed by Henry Grinnell. have not been documented. 24

“Letter from Lady Franklin to Mr. Grinnell”
New York Times, Oct. 2, 1851

http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/franklin-lady-jane-2065

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_lost_expedition

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Franklin

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D05E6DD1431E13BBC4A53DFB667838A649FDE&scp=1&sq=grinnell+lady+franklin&st=p http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Franklin
25

U. S. Grinnell
Expedition, 1851
New York Times
November 6, 1851
Part I

Henry’s obituary in the July 2, 1874
New York Times (slide 111) began as
follows: “By the death of Henry
Grinnell, geographical science loses
one of its warmest friends, and its
most enthusiastic advocate and
supporter. The first President of the
American geographical Society, the
originator of the first expedition in
search of Franklin, Henry Grinnell has
always placed his energies and his
purse at the service of the science to
which he may be said to have been to
‘the manner born’ – Arctic
navigation… Although avoiding as
much as possible any publicity, Mr.
Grinnell would spend any amount of
money, time, and trouble in advancing
the interests of those who were,
socially, his inferiors – especially
sailors…”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisha_Kent_Kane


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_lost_expedition

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Franklin

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E03E2DD153EE13AA15756C0A9679D946092D7CF 26

U. S. Grinnell
Expedition, 1851
New York Times
November 6, 1851
Part II

The following statement is also from
Henry’s obituary in The N.Y. Times
(slide 111): “From 1819 to 1849 Mr.
Grinnell remained in partnership
with his brothers. They [Fish &
Grinnell and Grinnell, Minturn &
Co.] were for many years the largest
shippers and consignees of whale
oil, their principal depots being at
New Bedford, New London, and
Sag Harbor.”


http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E03E2DD153EE13AA15756C0A9679D946092D7CF&scp=5&sq=grinnell+expedition&st=p 27

THE U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN: by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, U.S.N.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Grinnell_Expedition 28

Historical Society of Pennsylvania http://digitallibrary.hsp.org/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/2137

USS ADVANCE
Owned by Henry Grinnell & loaned/given to the U. S. Navy 1850-1855 (Destroyed in the Arctic)
“The first USS ADVANCE was a brigantine in the United States Navy which participated in an arctic rescue expedition. Advance
was built in 1847 as Augusta and loaned to the Navy on 7 May 1850 by Mr. Grinnell to participate in the search for Sir John
Franklin's arctic expedition which had been stranded in the frozen north since 1847. After last-minute preparations, the ship,
under the command of Lieutenant Edwin J. DeHaven and in company with RESCUE, put to sea from New York on 23 May 1850.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Advance_(1847)
29

USS RESCUE
“The first USS RESCUE was a brig in service
with the U. S. Navy. The brigs RESCUE and
ADVANCE specially reinforced and fitted out for
Arctic service, were offered on loan to the
U.S. Government by Henry Grinnell in 1850
for use in a rescue mission tracing the ill-fated
expedition which, in May 1845, had sailed
from England under Sir John Franklin in
search of a northwest passage. Two years later
the Admiralty dispatched relief expeditions.
Since there was still no news of the expedition
by 1 May 1850, the U. S. Congress authorized
the president to accept Mr. Grinnell's offer. In
accordance with the wishes of both Congress
and Mr. Grinnell, both ships were manned by
volunteers from the U.S. Navy.”
(Destroyed in the Arctic)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Rescue_(1850)

Creator: James Hamilton Seneca Falls Historical Society

“The RESCUE in Her Arctic Dry Dock”
USS RESCUE: owned by Henry Grinnell & given to the U. S. Navy 1850-1851
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/hamilton_james.html
http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artwork/?id=9888
30

U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION, 1850-51: Edwin J. De Haven, Commander
Official U. S. Navy Expedition funded by Henry Grinnell, the “author/advocate/sponsor”.
HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/FIRST_GRINNELL_EXPEDITION HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/HENRY_GRINNELL

Dr. Kane’s “The ‘Rescue’ nipped in Melville Bay, August 1850”
“Drawn by J. Hamilton from a Sketch by Dr. E.K. Kane, U.S.N.”
THE U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN: by Elisha Kent Kane, M.D., U.S.N.
31


Dr. Kane’s “Grounded Berg near Cape York”
“Drawn by J. Hamilton from a Sketch by Dr. E.K. Kane, U.S.N.”
32


Dr. Kane’s “Entering Lancaster Sound”
The USS ADVANCE and the USS RESCUE
Drawn by J. Hamilton after a sketch by Dr. E .K. Kane, USN
33


James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisha_Kent_Kane

Dr. Kane’s “ICE-BERG IN MOTION, JULY 29, 1850: Melville Bay”
34



Dr. Kane’s “ARCTIC GLACIER, MELVILLE BAY”
The USS ADVANCE and the USS RESCUE
THE U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN: by Elisha Kent Kane, M.D., U.S.N. 35


James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane THE U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN: by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, U.S.N.

Dr. Kane’s “Beechy Island, Franklin’s first Winter Quarters”
http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/gravesimage.html http://www.yachtfiona.com/northwestpassage2009/newsletter1.html
36



Dr. Kane’s “FISKENAES FROM THE GOVERNOR’S HOUSE”
SOUTH GREENLAND
37


Grinnell, Minturn & Co. ran ships from New York to Liverpool and London and had offices in those cities. Henry and his brothers frequently traveled to
England on business, and Henry’s son Cornelius lived there. Capt. Cornelius had spent his younger years in the merchant service on the North Atlantic
run and had visited England and France on business. This long association with England might be why Henry took such an interest in the Lost Franklin
Expedition and Arctic exploration. Since Henry was a very private person who avoided speaking to reporters and attending functions honoring him, his
interest does not seem to have been driven by personal aggrandizement. Regardless of his motivation, Henry Grinnell had the experience, knowledge,
connections, wealth, and generosity to be the leading sponsor/patron of U. S. Arctic Exploration for twenty years. The first Grinnell Expedition left the
Brooklyn Navy Yard on May 22, 1850. http://archive.org/details/usgrinnellexped00kanegoog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Grinnell_Expedition
38

THE U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN: by Elisha Kent Kane, M.D., U.S.N. Arctic Explorations, Vol. I
http://archive.org/details/usgrinnellexped00kanegoog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Grinnell_Expedition by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856

Both Lieutenant De Haven, commander of the first Grinnell Expedition, and Dr. Kane, commander of the second Grinnell Expedition,
were officers in the U. S. Navy. The two Grinnell Expeditions were officially supported by Congress and included a contingent of U.
S. Navy personnel. Undoubtedly, this was the result of lobbying by Henry and his brothers Moses and Joseph, who were both U. S.
Congressmen. Moses was a New York Congressman from 1839-1841 and Joseph a New Bedford Congressman from 1843-1851.
39

USS DE HAVEN (DD727)
“Navy Photo 2128-47, broadside view of USS De Haven (DD 727) off Mare Island on 5 Nov 1947. She
was in overhaul at the yard from 10 Sep to 18 Nov 1947.” Image from the USS DeHaven Association.”

http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/0572726.jpg http://destroyerhistory.org/fletcherclass/ns_dehaven/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_De_Haven
40

Edwin Jesse De Haven
Commander U. S. GRINNELL EXPEDITION
“Edwin Jesse DeHaven, born in 1819 in Pennsylvania was
appointed Acting Midshipman at the age of 10 and Passed
Midshipman 5 years later. He served in Vincennes, flagship of
the Wilkes Exploring Expedition in its historic cruise of 1838
to 1842 to the Antarctic and among the Pacific Islands. De
Haven served in the Mexican War, assisting in the capture of
the Mexican schooner Creole. In command of the Grinnell
Expedition in 1850, he led the search for Sir John Franklin
lost in the Arctic. Only traces of the party were found, but De
Haven discovered and named Grinnell Land, and was
commended for the valuable scientific data he collected
concerning the winds and currents of the ocean. He served in
the Coast Survey Service until placed on the retired list in
February 1862. He died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1 May 1865.

Nimitz Library
United States Naval Academy
http://www.usna.edu/Library/sca/findingaids/dehaven/index.html

41

Arctic Explorations, Vol. I: by Elisha K. Kane, MD, 1856
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisha_Kent_Kane
42

Dr. Kane promoted to Commander SECOND GRINNELL EXPEDITION

Assist. Surgeon Elisha Kent Kane, USN
U. S. Grinnell Expedition, 1850-1852

Commander Elisha Kent Kane, M.D.
Second Grinnell Expedition, 1853-1855

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-k/ek-kane.htm

U.S. Naval Academy Museum Collection, Annapolis 43

SECOND GRINNELL EXPEDITION
“Kane expedition” funded by Henry Grinnell
1853-1855
Including the mythical
“Open Polar Sea”
and
Kane’s discovery of the
Great Humboldt Glacier

Humboldt Glacier

Arctic Explorations: The Second Grinnell Expedition, Vol. I by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati02kanegoog
44

SECOND GRINNELL EXPEDITION, 1852-1855
Commanded by Dr. Kane and funded by Henry Grinnell, “author/advocate/sponsor” & CEO
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grinnell

Creator: James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0308/PG0308_feature1.pdf

Commander Kane’s “CROSSING THE ICE BELT AT COFFEE GORGE”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. I by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856, pg. 92+
45


http://ia600700.us.archive.org/27/items/arcticexploratio02kane/arcticexploratio02kane.pdf http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.8.3/

Expedition Commander Kane’s “The look-out from Cape George Russell”
Engraving proof courtesy of Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, England (slide 124).
46


James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane

Commander Kane’s “MIDNIGHT IN SEPTEMBER”
USS ADVANCE
USS ADVANCE owned by Henry Grinnell & loaned to the U. S. Navy 1850-1854.
Arctic Explorations, Vol. I by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856, pg. 140+ 47


http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.8.4/ James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane

Commander Kane’s “THE PACK OFF SYLVIA HEADLANDS” (USS ADVANCE)
Henry Grinnell’s mother and daughter were named Sylvia.
Engraving proof courtesy of Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge (slide 124).


James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.8.6/

Commander Kane’s “THE OPEN WATER FROM CAPE JEFFERSON”
[Open Polar Sea]


Commander Kane’s “BEAR HUNT”

50


Commander Kane’s “LIFE IN THE BRIG, SECOND WINTER”
http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0308/PG0308_feature1.pdf
51


Arctic Exploration, Vol. I by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856 http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati02kanegoog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition

“The Great Glacier of Humboldt”
52

Photographer: Matthew Brady Library of Congress: LC-USZ62-110168 http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati06kanegoog

Arctic Explorations, Vol. II: by Elisha K. Kane, U.S.N., 1856
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition 53


Creator: James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.8.7/

Commander Kane’s Kane’s “ICEBERGS NEAR KOSOAK”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856, pg. 56
54


Creator: James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0308/PG0308_feature1.pdf

(Elisha Kent Kane)

Commander Kane discovers the “Great Glacier of Humboldt”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856, pg. 152+ 55

Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856 http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati06kanegoog 56


The NBWM has a copy of this volume with notes by William Bradford regarding Kane’s descriptions & illustrations (slide 125).

Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856 http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati06kanegoog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition 57

from back of book

Prof. Agassiz offers a “scientific review” of Dr. Kane’s Arctic Explorations
To most scientists, the discovery of the Humboldt Glacier (Great Glacier) was far more significant than discovering the remains of the
Franklin Expedition. The Humboldt Glacier confirmed Agassiz’s theories of the ice age and glaciation. Dr. Kane studied geology and civil
engineering at the University of Virginia under William Barton Rodgers (1st president of MIT) before he graduated the University of
Pennsylvania medical school. Unfortunately, Kane was never given the credit he deserved for the Humboldt Glacier discovery.
Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856 http://archive.org/details/arcticexplorati06kanegoog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Grinnell_Expedition
58


Left: Kane’s “TENNYSON’S MONUMENT”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. I, pg. 224

Proofs courtesy of Scott Polar Research Institute (slide 124).
http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.8.5/
Creator: James Hamilton from a sketch by Dr. Kane 59


Commander Kane’s “THE ESCAPE OFF WEARY MEN’S NEST”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856

60


Commander Kane’s “The Broken Floes Nearing Pikantlik”
Arctic Explorations, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, 1856, pg. 236

61

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/pga.04114/

“Second Grinnell Expedition” at the Library of Congress
Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-pga-04114 (digital file from original print) LC-USZ62-40359
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
62

Dr. Kane at the New York Historical Society

Artist: Peter Reniers, 1857 New York Historical Society Artist: Thomas Hicks, 1858 New York Historical Society

Elisha Kent Kane, M. D., U.S.N. (1820-1857)
“Dr. Kane, famous Arctic explorer, was born in Philadelphia to John Kintzing Kane and Jane Duval (Leiper) Kane. His world
travels began with his assignments to medical missions in China and in Africa. He served in the Mexican War in which he was
wounded and contracted typhus, but by 1850 he had returned to duty with an expedition sent to the Arctic to search for a missing
British explorer. The story of this journey is told in The U.S. Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin (1853).”
http://www.nyhistory.org/node/44187 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_lost_expedition http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=3998
63

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9D07E5D81438E334BC4153DFB1668388649FDE
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9A04E0DF1238EE3BBC4051DFBF66838F649FDE 64

“Henry Grinnell… father of the Kane expedition.” Daniel Ricketson
“The Second Grinnell Expedition” in search of Franklin was popularly known as the Kane expedition.

The History of New Bedford, Daniel Ricketson, 1858, pg. 141

*****************************************************************************************************
The Lost Franklin Expedition

Library and Archives Canada

http://kenmcgoogan.blogspot.com/p/home.html
SIR JOHN FRANKLIN
Waterloo Place, London
http://www.martechpolar.com/Lost%20Expedition/Lost%20Expedition.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin's_lost_expedition 65

The Illustrated London News, December 27, 1856

Refitted HMS RESOLUTE Returns to England in 1856
In 1856, Henry Grinnell was instrumental in having the recently salvaged HMS RESOLUTE restored at the expense of the United States
government, and returned to Great Britain as a goodwill gesture.” [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grinnell] This chapter is primarily about Henry
Grinnell and how he made a fortune in the his family’s shipping firm and attained a world-renowned reputation in Arctic exploration. 66

“a large silver vase which British Government presented to Mr. Henry Grinnell [in 1855-56]”
Given after the HMS RESOLUTE was returned to England.

NBWM Collection 67

Philanthropist Henry Grinnell

Lady Franklin’s Revenge, by Ken McGoogan, p. 349

Arctic scholar Ken McGoogan wrote that Henry Grinnell had
spent over $5 million searching for Franklin by 1856. After
being forced by financial reversals to curtail his expenditures
and stop donating ships, Henry was the treasurer for the Hayes
Expedition and sponsor/treasurer of the three Hall expeditions.
http://www.harpercollins.ca/author/sites/kenmcgoogan/rttps.html

Henry Grinnell
U. S Naval Lyceum Honorary Member
April 1, 1854 Henry

http://www.usna.edu/Museum/history.htm

This honorary Lyceum membership was a high
honor that the U. S. Navy bestowed on
civilians in 1854. Today, this Lyceum is
housed at the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis. NBWM Research Library 68

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B01E4D71039E134BC4B53DFB766838C649FDE
69

Henry Grinnell
Founder & President American Geographical and Statistical Society

According to an article about his funeral in The New York Times (July 4, 1874), Henry “…had been for many years President,
Vice President, and member of the Executive Committee of the American Geographical Society.” As can be seen above, he
was a vice president in 1857; and his brother Moses and sons Cornelius & William were also members at that time. Moses was
also a contributor to several Arctic expeditions. Much more on American Geographical Society on slides 745+.
Michigan Historical Reprint Series, Univ. of Michigan
70

Additional Grinnell Expedition Art at the University of Cambridge, England

“…pencil sketches and one watercolour of Arctic
scenes. They may be by E. K. Kane during one of
the Grinnell Franklin Search expeditions.
Courtesy of Scott Polar Research Institute (slide 124)
http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/museum/catalogue/article/y57.9.1//

“CAPE GRINNELL”

71

“THE DEATH OF DR. KANE”

Creator: Mathew Brady, National Archives and Records Administration http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/kanedeath.html

Below: New York Times Articles on the Grinnell Expeditions
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9805E7D8153DE334BC4E52DFB667838E649FDE&scp=2&sq=grinnell+exedition&pst=p

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E03E2DD153EE13AA15756C0A9679D946092D7CF

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B01E4D71039E134BC4B53DFB766838C649FDE 72

Arctic Explorations: The Second Grinnell Expedition, Vol. II by Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, pg. 299

“The death of ‘Dr. Kane of the Arctic Seas’ caused perhaps a greater public
outpouring of grief than that of any other figure between Washington and Lincoln.
After his death in Havana, where he had gone in a fruitless effort to recover his health,
Dr. Kane's remains were transported by boat to the mainland, where they progressed
by steam-train and boat throughout the heart of the United States, before arriving in
Philadelphia for the final obsequies. At every train station and dock where his casket
passed, it was met by crowds of civic dignitaries, wearing black as well as specially
made badges and armbands. Pictures of Dr. Kane, draped with black crepe, appeared
in every store-window, and flags flew at half-mast from town halls and statehouses.”
(quotation from Prof. Russell A. Potter)
http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/kanedeath.html The Ice Finders, by Edmund B. Bolles, pages 210 & 211
http://ebbolles.com/IceFinders/Reviews.html
73

Creator” De Witt Clinton Baxter http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/17/hh17g.htm http://www.librarycompany.org/laurelhill/image/10-16.jpg

“The Dead Watch” Remains of Dr. Kane Lying in State, Independence Hall, Philadelphia 74

USS Kane (Destroyer # 235), 1920-1946
“USS Kane was named in honor of Assistant Surgeon Elisha Kent Kane USN, (1820-1857), who gained fame as an Arctic explorer during the 1850s.”
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY -- NAVAL HISTORICAL CENTER -- WASHINGTON NAVY YARD -- U.S. NAVY SHIPS
http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-k/dd235.htm http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-k/ek-kane.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Kane_(DD-235) 75

USNS Elisha Kent Kane (T-AGS-27)
Genoa, Italy, 27 May 1987
“The second Kane (T-AGS-27) was launched 20 November 1965 by the Christy Corp., Sturgeon Bay, Wis.
assigned to MSTS; and placed in service 26 May 1967 for scientific operations under the Atlantic.”
http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/10/09102703.jpg

76

http://www.usstampgallery.com/view.php?id=8393e8e13cf2a84516f7146cc2f58dbc8f771a3b

Dr. Kane graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1842. On September 14, 1843, he became Assistant Surgeon in the
Navy. He served in the China Commercial Treaty mission under Caleb Cushing, in the Africa Squadron, and in the United States Marin Corps
during the Mexican American War. Kane was appointed senior medical officer of the U.S. Grinnell Expedition of 1850-1851 under the
command of Lieutenant Edwin de Haven, which searched unsuccessfully for the lost expedition of Sir John Frankin. The crew discovered
Franklin’s first winter camp [and returned to New York in 1851]. Kane then organized and headed the Second Grinnell Expedition which sailed
from New York on May 31, 1853… Dr. Kane received medals from Congress, the Royal Geographic Society, and the Societe de Geographie…”

77

Brothers Henry & Moses: Backers of 1860 Hayes Expedition
Henry was first president of The Geographical and Statistical Society and contributor to the Hayes Expedition.

Dr. Isaac Hayes
Photo: J. W. Black
NBWM #1985.24

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Israel_Hayes

Dr. Hayes began his Arctic career on the Second Grinnell Expedition. “Undeterred by the extreme hardships he had endured as ship's surgeon on Elisha
Kent Kane's Second Grinnell Expedition in 1853-55, Dr. Isaac Israel Hayes could not resist the lure of further Arctic exploration. He was a firm believer in
the Open Polar Sea. Following his return from the second Grinnell expedition, Hayes had raised money by lecturing and succeeded in finding a number of
volunteers for his proposed expedition to the Open Polar Sea. In 1860, he took his tiny schooner, the UNITED STATES, to the north… He wrote in his
journal ‘All the evidence showed that I stood upon the shores of the Open Polar Sea’. He convinced himself without definite proof that this was indeed the
case. Not only was Hayes subsequently proven wrong, but it was also learned that many of his measurements and calculations were erroneous. Some even
accused him of falsifying his data. His land trip had covered 1300 miles, but he had achieved essentially nothing.” by Dr. Ralph A. Meyerson.
http://www.ekkane.org/Biographies/BioHayes.htm Reference: http://www.amergeog.org/archives/1851.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/1860/03/23/news/new-arctic-expedition-dr-haryes-proposed-exploration-polar-sea-meeting.html?scp=70&sq=grinnell%20arctic&st=p&pagewante
78

Henry Grinnell: Hayes Expedition treasurer and principal subscriber.

79

Henry Grinnell
“principal subscriber”
1860 Hayes Expedition

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9403E2DE163DE533A2575BC1A9649D94609FD7CF

80

Grinnell Brothers: Partners & Friends Moses Grinnell to Abraham Lincoln

http://www.nytimes.com/1860/03/20/news/a-new-york-merchant.htm

(Partial Article)

The Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_H._Grinnell http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal1/309/3099700/malpage.db&recNum=0 81

Library of Congress, Abraham Lincoln, and Moses H. Grinnell

Lincoln at Moses Grinnell’s Home
“When President Lincoln came to Washington, he was invited
to, and did, breakfast with Moses at his house in New York.”
http://www.mrlincolnandnewyork.org/inside.asp?ID=46&subjectID=3

Moses, Henry, and Joseph Grinnell were Republicans and
strong supporters of Lincoln. The Library of Congress has 38
items regarding Moses, 72 regarding Joseph, and 95 regarding
Henry. It also has 6 items related to their niece, Cornelia
Grinnell Willis, who paid for the freedom of Abolitionist
Harriet Jacobs (slides 168-172, 483-493, & 671+).
http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?ammem/scsmbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(scsm000609))
82

November 5, 1864
http://www.nytimes.com/1864/11/05/news/mass-meeting-merchants
-bankers-monied-men-city-declare-for-lincoln-great.html

Congressman Moses H. Grinnell (NY) was the fifth son of Capt. Cornelius and
Sylvia Grinnell, and he was born in New Bedford on March 23, 1803 (slide
508). He was president of Grinnell, Minturn & Co. for most of his career and
developed it into a leading world-wide shipping firm. Even though he
permanently moved to New York in 1825, he owned a pew at the New Bedford
Unitarian Church and a home in New Bedford. One source states that Moses
helped fund the Grinnell Arctic Expeditions, and Joseph probably helped, too.
The Howland Heirs: Wm M. Emery, 1919, p. 250


83

Article to Right

Capt. C. F. Hall to Henry Grinnell, 1860

(Partial Article)
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F20D17FC3E54157493C3AA1789D95F4C8685F9
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Francis_Hall
84

“Donations to the Hall Franklin Expedition 1860”

Henry Grinnell
Treasurer/Sponsor Hall Expeditions
1860-1871

Henry Grinnell Letters 1860-1871
G. W. Blunt White Library, Mystic Seaport

“The collection is limited to an 11 year period, primarily to the years
1860-1871 and the Charles F. Hall polar expedition. Included are
letters to Grinnell from C. F. Hall in New London, Connecticut, and
Washington, D.C., regarding Arctic exploration and Hall's work in
obtaining a Congressional appropriation for an expedition. Included
also is a list of donations to the Hall Franklin expedition of 1860.”

Other documents state that Moses Grinnell was a donor to Capt.
Hall, too. Third on the list, Cyrus Field, had a mansion in Irvington,
N.Y. along with Moses, Albert Bierstadt, Washington Irving, Jay
Gould, and other notables (slides 209+). Field was a financier and
one of the founders of the American Telegraph Co. (AT&T, today).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_West_Field

“Hall's motives for his first voyage—Arctic Study—Limited
resources— Reasons for believing that some of Franklin's men still
lived… Generous aid by Mr. Grinnell”
American Explorations in the Ice Zones. by Prof. J. E. Nourse, 1884, pg. 8
http://www.archive.org/details/americanexplorat00nouriala

http://library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/coll/coll008.cfm 85

Capt. Hall to Henry Grinnell on North Pole Expedition: Feb. 2, 1870
Re: Meeting with President Grant at White House

Henry Grinnell Letters 1860-1871: G. W. Blunt White Library, Mystic Seaport
http://library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/CPageImage.cfm?PageNum=1&BibID=34256&Box=1&Folder=2http://

library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/CPageImage.cfm?PageNum=2&BibID=34256&Box=1&Folder=2

http://library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/CPageImage.cfm?PageNum=3&BibID=34256&Box=1&Folder=2 86

Capt. Hall to Henry Grinnell on North Pole Expedition: July 6, 1870

http://library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/CPageImage.cfm?PageNum=2&BibID=34256&Box=1&Folder=3

Capt. C. F. Hall to Henry Grinnell on North Pole Expedition: Nov. 9, 1870
Re: Meeting with President Grant at Executive Mansion
Dinner with Gen. J. H. Martindale & David Field in N.Y.

http://library.mysticseaport.org/manuscripts/CPageImage.cfm?PageNum=19&BibID=34256&Box=1&Folder=3

Capt. Charles F. Hall & Henry Grinnell
“Charles Francis Hall, apparently inspired by Kane's adventures, became
convinced that some of Franklin's men might still be alive. Even McClintock's
news, brought home in 1859, did not dissuade him. Remarkably, he too found a
friend in Henry Grinnell, and through him secured passage on a northbound
whaling ship in 1860.” by Prof. Russell Potter

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Francis_Hall Arctic Researches and Life Among the Esquimaux by Capt. C. F. Hall, pg. xviii 89

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"The Grinnells & Howlands", presentation by James Grinnell