Denver9/28_James Corless
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Presentation from Partners in Innovation Policy Forum in Denver, CO on September 28, 2010
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Denver9/28_James Corless
- 1. Transportation, TOD & Affordable Housing
- 6. SF Bay Area’s Housing Crisis +83% +64% +90% +120% Growth in interregional commuting, 2000-2030
- 18. TLC and HIP PROJECTS SINCE 1998
- 19. Evolution of “TLC” Incentives
- 20. MTC’s TOD Policy: Key Transit Corridors existing rail corridors Proposed BRT Proposed rail corridors Proposed ferry terminals
- 22. Why TOD Matters – Ridership Increases in One Proposed Bay Area Corridor from TOD Cost-Effectiveness Threshold Riders per Station per Day
- 23. TOD Policy - Housing Requirements Transit Technology Minimum Housing Threshold Equivalent Net Densities BART/ Heavy Rail 3850 avg per station 50-150 units/acre Light Rail 3300 avg per station 40-80 units/acre Bus Rapid Transit 2750 avg per station 30-60 units/acre Commuter Rail 2200 avg per station 20-50 units/acre Ferries 750 avg per terminal 10-30 units/acre
- 24. TOD Policy – Affordability Bonus Housing Type Area Median Income Rental 60 percent Ownership 100 percent
- 25. Station Area Planning Program Assisting local gov’ts to upzone around new transit corridors
- 27. San Leandro Blvd Improvements Courtesy of BMS Design Group
- 28. San Leandro Blvd Improvements Courtesy of BMS Design Group
- 29. San Leandro Blvd Improvements Courtesy of BMS Design Group
- 30. San Leandro Blvd Improvements Courtesy of BMS Design Group
- 31. Transit Share by Work & Home Location
- 33. TOD in the Bay Area: Less Driving
Editor's Notes
- Amongst many wonderful amenities, we also have an extremely expensive housing market where only about 12% of the population can afford the median-priced home. On a related note, we have the 2 nd worst traffic congestion of any region in the nation. This results in a phenomenon that we like to call, “Drive ‘til you Qualify.” (May want to mention this phenomenon had been fueled by subprime loans and is now being impacted by foreclosures.)
- MTC started with a very small amount of funding for TLC planning in 1997, and have added other funding programs over time. The program is now about $30 million a year, including a station area planning program.
- Conditioning Transit Expansion funds on land use $13 billion in new transit expansion projects Opportunity to leverage large regional investment Corridor wide housing targets Five key Bay Area transit projects under policy BART extensions, Commuter Rail and Ferry expansion Providing cities planning funds to change land use New Station Area Planning Program $2.8 million for 8 cities in pilot cycle
- On the left our TLC program has been our traditional pot of money to provide incentives for TOD (this is updated to reflect T2035 commitment of $60M a year – not sure if you want to show this or not). On right is money we’re putting into our transit expansion program. Question we asked ourselves is how could we leverage these transit expansion funds to get better land use outcomes through TOD and build ridership?
- We all know smart growth is often in the eye of the beholder and we wanted to avoid a regional beauty contest. So we developed strict quantitative thresholds for the minimum amount of each housing each corridor must plan and zone for. As you can see, this varies by different transit modes – generally the more capital intensive and costly the mode is, the more we expect in terms of surrounding land use and housing densities.
- We all know smart growth is often in the eye of the beholder and we wanted to avoid a regional beauty contest. So we developed strict quantitative thresholds for the minimum amount of each housing each corridor must plan and zone for. As you can see, this varies by different transit modes – generally the more capital intensive and costly the mode is, the more we expect in terms of surrounding land use and housing densities.
- The first round of station area plans are starting to wrap up. San Leandro’s plan recently adopted, Pittsbug & Santa Rosa in fall 2007 Substational new housing is being planned for and accepted at the local level through AREA plans funded by MTC
- Now I’ll provide a quick snapshot of what we’re really talking about in these areas. This is the Priority Development Area in Downtown San Leandro where an adopted plan is ready for implementation. San Leandro is a city of about 75,000 just south of Oakland.
- That is the BART train on the left
- (Click once more for final image)
- Planned as a “Complete Neighborhood” providing - Pedestrian Connectivity - Housing and mixture of uses/amenities - Appropriate Densities in a neighborhood with very convienient public transit San Leandro has become a model for planning in the region. They participated in a regionally-sponsored station area planning effort that resulted in the addition of a far greater number of housing units than anyone might have anticipated at the beginning of the process. This is PDA is exactly the kind of location where we want to see new housing units: inner bay, right next to transit, in a community that will almost certainly benefit from new development.
- as you can see, these incentive programs have developed gradually over time. We started with TLC planning in 1997, and added other funding programs noted in the previous slide.
- Of course one of the obvious questions to ask is if we build TOD will people actually ride it?” Here’s one answer from our own analysis of our 2000 Bay Area Travel Survey. People living within a half-mile of transit, on average, use transit for about 29 percent of work trips. You can see that in the bar on the left. Yet also critical is to understand that transit can’t do it all – in fact transit has a much harder time serving non-work trips, which are about 75 percent of all trips. Yet the bar on the left shows that about 24 percent of all errand trips in these TODs are made by walking and bicycling. This speaks to the importance of land use, of building retail, services, schools, dry cleaners, restaurants and the like within those station areas so people can take care of their daily needs.
- MTC’s funds leverage the stack – the first in money is essential MTC can be the first MPO to invest in such a fund