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COMMERCIAL ECONOMIC ISSUES & TRENDS FORUM
1. LAWRENCE
YUN, PhD
Chief Economist,
Sr. Vice President
National Association
of REALTORS®
H. BLAINE
WALKER, CRB, GRI
President & CEO
Walker & Co. Real
Estate
DANIEL
SIGHT, CCIM, SIO
RVice President,
Broker
Reece Commercial
RANDY
SCHEIDT, MAI, CCI
M, GRIPresident
Don R. Scheidt & Co.
LINDA ST. PETER
Corporate REALTOR®
Prudential Connecticut
Realty
2013: The “New Normal”
Economic & CRE Trends at the Crossroads of Political Changes
2. How do you feel about the economy
today vs. one year ago?
A) Worse
B) About the same
C) A little better
D) Big improvement
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
3. Record High Stock Prices
(but only ½ of population have stock exposure)
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Stock Price Index: Standard & Poor's 500 Composite
1941-43=10
1005009590858075706560
Source: Wall Street Journal /Haver Analytics 05/10/13
1600
1200
800
400
0
1600
1200
800
400
0
4. Falling Unemployment Rate
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Civilian Unemployment Rate: 16 yr +
SA, %
12111009080706050403020100
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics /Haver Analytics 05/10/13
10
8
6
4
2
10
8
6
4
2
5. But Very High Number of Part-time Workers
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Work Part Time: For Economic Reasons: All Industry
SA, Thous
12111009080706050403020100
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics /Haver Analytics 05/10/13
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
6. Are employers in your market
expanding?
A) Yes, a lot
B) A little
C) Staying the course
D) No; they are shrinking
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
14. How do you feel about the CRE markets
today vs. one year ago?
A) Worse
B) About the same
C) A little better
D) Big improvement
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
15. 2012 Global CRE Investments Rise 4%
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
16. 15 of Top 30 Global Markets are in U.S.
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
17. Cross-border Capital Flows into U.S. Rise
Source: Real Capital Analytics
Yes, 1
8%
No, 82
%
2012 REALTOR® CRE Sales to
International Clients/Investors
Source: REALTORS® 2012 CRE Lending Survey
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
18. U.S. Sales Rise 24% in 2012; 35% in 2013.Q1
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
'06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13
billions Individual Portfolio Entity
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
19. REALTOR® Markets & Deal Size
21%
22%
26%
17%
12%
1%
2%
< $250,000
$250,000 - $500,000
$500,000 - $1,000,000
$1,000,000 - $2,000,000
$2,000,000 - $5,000,000
$5,000,000 - $10,000,000
> $10,000,000
2013 CRE Lending Survey: Value of most recent sales transaction
Source: NAR
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
20. Tale of Two Commercial Markets
-100%
-50%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
2008.Q4
2009.Q1
2009.Q2
2009.Q3
2009.Q4
2010.Q1
2010.Q2
2010.Q3
2010.Q4
2011.Q1
2011.Q2
2011.Q3
2011.Q4
2012.Q1
2012.Q2
2012.Q3
2012.Q4
Sales Volume (YoY % Chg)
Major CRE Markets Realtor CRE Markets
Deals < $2M +
Deals > $2M
-25.0%
-20.0%
-15.0%
-10.0%
-5.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
Sales Prices (YoY % Chg)
Moody’s/RCA CPPI - Major Markets Realtor CRE Markets
Source: NAR, Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
21. Low Interest Rates Encourage Lending?
A) Yes, low rates encourage more borrower to
seek credit
B) No, low rates do not excite the bankers from
lending
C) Unsure
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
22. Monetary Policy by Federal Reserve
(zero rate policy to 2015 ?)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Fed Funds%
23. Federal Reserve Balance Sheet from
Quantitative Easing
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
1-Aug-07 1-Aug-08 1-Aug-09 1-Aug-10 1-Aug-11 1-Aug-12
Total Assets
$ million
24. Feeling Inflationary Pressure?
Particularly in Property Management
A) Virtually No inflation
B) Rents rising modestly, though faster than
Costs of operation
C) Rents rising modestly, but slower than Costs
of operation
D) Both Rents and Costs are rising; Inflation is
building
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
30. How is the Credit Availability for
Commercial Deals?
A) Not a Problem
B) Not good but better than a year ago
C) Extremely difficult to obtain
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
31. Big Banks getting Bigger
54.30%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1970 1980 1990 2000 2012
Top 10 Banks' Share of Total Deposits
Source: Janicki and Prescott, BankRate.com
32. 8%
17%
25%
7%
6%
4%
18%
1% 11%
3%
Current sources of financing for commercial deals
National banks (“Big four”)
Regional banks
Local banks
Credit unions
Life insurance companies
REITs
Private investors
Public companies
Small Business Administration
Other, please specify
Source: NAR
Small Banks Important to REALTORS®
33. Causes of Bank Capital Availability
22%
6%
27%
27%
7%
1%
10%
Reduced net operating income, property
values, and equity
A slow-down in the pooling and packaging of
CMBS by financial institutions
Regulatory uncertainty for financial institutions
New and proposed US legislative and
regulatory initiatives
Inability of banks to dispose of distressed
assets
European debt crisis
Other, please specify
The most relevant cause for lack of sufficient bank capital available for commercial lending
Source: NAR, 2013 CRE Lending Survey
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
34. Legislative/Regulatory Issues
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
> Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
> Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)
> Basel III
> Qualified Commercial Real Estate Mortgage
• Securitizers must hold 5% of CMBS issued unless:
– 65% loan-to-value (60% if cap rate < 10-year swap + 300bp)
– Debt service coverage ratio of 1.5x (stable history) to 1.7x or higher
– Amortization period ≤ 20 years
– 10-year minimum loan term
– 80% of tenants must pay rent + taxes + insurance + maintenance
– Borrower credit and income verification along with 2-year forecast
– Collateral restriction limits subordinate financing
– Securitizer must buy back bad loans in order to retain QCRE status
– Just 0.4% of CMBS ever issued would qualify for first 3 stipulations
35. Legislative/Regulatory Impacts
59%
31%
8%
3%
Decrease the flow of capital into U.S. real
estate
Have no effect on the flow of capital into U.S.
real estate, but change the way in which
transactions or loans are structured
Have no effect on the flow of capital into U.S.
real estate
Increase the flow of capital into U.S. real estate
Impacts of new/proposed U.S. legislative and regulatory initiatives
Source: NAR, 2013 CRE Lending Survey
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
36. What is HOT in your market?
A) Office Investment Sales
B) Industrial Investment Sales
C) Retail Investment Sales
D) Are you kidding? Nothing is hot
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
37. Apartments Gain Market Share
Office - CBD
14%
Office - Sub
13%
Flex
5%
Warehouse
9%
Mall & Other
11%
Strip
7%
Garden
19%
Mid/Highrise
11%
Full-Service
5%
Limited Service
2%
Land
4%
Source: Real Capital Analytics
Office $77.6B
Industrial $36.9B
Retail $52.8B
Apartment $84.6B
Hotel $19.6B
Land $11.8B
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
38. Prices Advance – Apartments Lead
90.00
110.00
130.00
150.00
170.00
190.00
210.00
2001January
April
July
October
2002January
April
July
October
2003January
April
July
October
2004January
April
July
October
2005January
April
July
October
2006January
April
July
October
2007January
April
July
October
2008January
April
July
October
2009January
April
July
October
2010January
April
July
October
2011January
April
July
October
2012January
April
July
October
Moody’s/RCA CPPI
Apartment Retail Industrial Office
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
40. Large Spread between Cap Rates and
Treasuries
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
'01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12
10yr UST* Cap Rate Spread (bps)
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
41. Apartments and CBD Office
Attracting investors as evidenced by low cap rates
Source: Real Capital Analytics
Suburban Office
Industrial
CBD Office
5.0%
5.5%
6.0%
6.5%
7.0%
7.5%
8.0%
8.5%
9.0%
9.5%
'06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13
Apartment
Retail
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
42. What is HOT in your market?
A) Office Leasing
B) Industrial Leasing
C) Retail Leasing
D) Are you kidding? Nothing is hot
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
43. Commercial Fundamentals – Apartments
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
44. Commercial Fundamentals – Office
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
45. Commercial Fundamentals – Retail
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
46. Who is buying CRE in your market?
A) Institutional/REIT Investors
B) Private local investors
C) National Banks
D) Regional/Local Banks
E) No one has any money to buy
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
47. $-
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
Cross-Border Inst'l/Eq Fund Listed/REITs Private User/other
Billions
Who Is Buying?
Source: Real Capital Analytics
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
'01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12
Cross-Border Inst'l/Eq Fund Listed/REITs Private User/other
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
48. Lending Environment
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
5.0%
5.5%
6.0%
6.5%
7.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Commercial Mortgage Rates
Commercial Multifamily
Fixed rate loans with 7-10 year terms; 3 mo. avg.
Source: Real Capital Analytics
23%
20%
30%
27%
1%
15%
23%
32%
30%
1%
Tightened significantly
Tightened somewhat
Not changed
Eased somewhat
Eased significantly
Credit Availability
2012 2011
Source: NAR
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
49. Lending Environment – REALTOR® Markets
5%
4%
20%
14%
8%
7%
5%
0%
3%
33%
Financing: 90% LTV
Financing: 85% LTV
Financing: 80% LTV
Financing: 75% LTV
Financing: 70% LTV
Financing: 65% LTV
Financing: 60% LTV
Financing: 55% LTV
Financing: 50% LTV
100% Cash
CRE Financial Terms
Source: NAR, 2013 CRE Lending
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Yes, 52
%
No, 48
%
Sales transaction fail during past 12
months due to lack of financing?
50. Who Is Lending for Large Deals?
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
Major
Secondary
Tertiary
Lender Composition ($2.5M+)
CMBS
Financial
Gov't Agency
Insurance
Int'l Bank
Nat'l Bank
Reg'l/Local Bank
Pvt/Other
Source: Real Capital Analytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
51. Who Is Lending in REALTOR® Markets?
9%
17%
25%
9%
8%
4%
13%
1%
12%
2%
National banks (“Big four”)
Regional banks
Local banks
Credit unions
Life insurance companies
REITs
Private investors
Public companies
Small Business Administration
Other, please specify
2013 REALTORS® Commercial Real Estate Lending Survey
Source: NAR
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
52. For CRE investors, how is the debt
market?
A) Doing deals (a lot more paperwork)
B) Still hard, but you can find it
C) Not available
D) I am trying to get rid of all my debt
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
53. Net Operating Income
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Increased 1% - 4%
Increased 5% - 9%
Increased 10% - 15%
No Change
Decreased 10% - 19%
Decreased 20% - 24%
Decreased 25% - 29%
Decreased 30% - 34%
Decreased 35% - 39%
Decreased 40% - 49%
Decreased 50% - 75%
How did net operating income ($/SF) of sold/leased properties change from the 2007 to 2012?
Source: NAR, 2013 CRE Lending Survey
35%
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
54. Valuation = Appraisals and/or BPOs
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Yes, 36
%
No, 64
%
Sales transaction fail during past 12
months due to appraisals?
Source: NAR, 2013 CRE Lending Survey
Current valuation issues
Impact of distressed properties
Valuation of “high risk” business models
55. How optimistic are you about the CRE
markets in 2014?
A) Worse
B) About the same
C) A little better
D) Big improvement
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
59. Commercial Fundamentals – Industrial
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
60. Is there new development in your
market?
A) Yes, best in many years
B) Only few projects
C) What is development?
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
63. CRE REOs: How active are banks and
special servicers in your market?
A) Selling a lot
B) They already sold it
C) They are in a holding pattern
D) I just got a new toaster to buy a bank REO
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
64. CRE Debt Maturities Peak
Source: Trepp, LLC
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
65. When will CRE markets be HOT again?
A) Beginning to feel HOT this year
B) In 1 to 3 years
C) In 4 to 5 years
D) Never again (I am going to sell cars)
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
68. Secondary Markets in Spotlight
Source:RealCapitalAnalytics
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
69. How optimistic are you about the
economy in 2014?
A) Worse
B) About the same
C) A little better
D) Big improvement
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
70. Economic Forecast
2011 2012 2013
Forecast
2014
Forecast
GDP Growth +1.8% +2.1% +2.1% 3.0%
Net New Jobs 1.6 million 2.2 million 2.0 million 2.4 million
CPI Inflation 3.1% 2.1% 2.3% 3.4%
10-year
Treasury
2.8% 1.8% 2.0% 2.7%
Fed Funds Rate 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
76. Commercial Forecast
OFFICE 2013 I 2013 II 2013 III 2013 IV 2014 I 2013 2014
Vacancy Rate 16.0% 15.9% 15.7% 15.6% 15.6% 15.9% 15.7%
Net Absorption ('000 sq. ft.) 10,268 6,310 8,955 8,440 13,128 33,973 42,349
Completions ('000 sq. ft.) 7,220 7,275 6,030 5,494 8,598 26,019 30,986
Rent Growth 0.6% 0.6% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 2.6% 2.8%
INDUSTRIAL 2013 I 2013 II 2013 III 2013 IV 2014 I 2013 2014
Vacancy Rate 9.6% 9.5% 9.5% 9.4% 9.2% 9.5% 9.0%
Net Absorption ('000 sq. ft.) 24,354 21,919 38,966 36,531 20,695 121,770 103,475
Completions ('000 sq. ft.) 12,643 13,448 8,787 8,362 18,849 43,241 64,467
Rent Growth 0.5% 0.6% 0.5% 0.7% 0.6% 2.3% 2.6%
RETAIL 2013 I 2013 II 2013 III 2013 IV 2014 I 2013 2014
Vacancy Rate 10.7% 10.6% 10.6% 10.5% 10.4% 10.6% 10.1%
Net Absorption ('000 sq. ft.) 4,297 2,865 1,910 2,865 5,899 11,935 16,387
Completions ('000 sq. ft.) 1,981 1,712 1,923 1,964 3,328 7,580 12,735
Rent Growth 0.2% 0.3% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 1.5% 2.1%
MULTI-FAMILY 2013 I 2013 II 2013 III 2013 IV 2014 I 2013 2014
Vacancy Rate 4.0% 3.9% 3.9% 3.8% 3.9% 3.9% 4.0%
Net Absorption (Units) 64,954 67,661 56,835 81,193 60,759 270,643 253,161
Completions (Units) 31,851 40,457 36,945 39,205 36,251 148,458 168,962
Rent Growth 1.0% 1.1% 1.2% 1.3% 1.2% 4.6% 4.7%
Sources: National Association of REALTORS® / Reis, Inc.REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
77. Will China overtake the U.S. in GDP?
It depends on Singapore
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1929
1933
1937
1941
1945
1949
1953
1957
1961
1965
1969
1973
1977
1981
1985
1989
1993
1997
2001
2005
2009
2013
2017
2021
2025
U.S. (growing 3%) China (growing 8%)
78. If you had $10 Million, what would you
buy?
A) Office
B) Industrial
C) Retail
D) Multifamily
E) Other
F) If I had $10M, I’d move to Hawaii and hang it up
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
79. Research Resources
REALTORS® Commercial Economic Issues & Trends Forum | May 2013 | Washington, DC
Web: www.realtor.org/research-and-statistics
Blog: economistsoutlook.blogs.realtor.org
Facebook: www.facebook.com/narresearchgroup
Twitter: twitter.com/#!/NAR_Research