Presentation &
Communication
Skills
Trainer/Resource Person
Muhammad Qaisar Kamran
Training Wing

• Much of verbal expression will be one on one or in small
groups, but periodically we will be involved in more formal
and public speaking in front of larger numbers.
• If this thought makes us nervous, we are not alone.
• Many speakers lack the skills and confidence to make
effective presentations.
• We have all been victims of speakers who put us to sleep.
• Despite knowing how ineffective many speakers are, many
of us have found that, despite the best intentions, we
haven’t fared much better.

“The biggest problem with
communication is the illusion
that it has been accomplished.”
-George Bernard Shaw

What is your vision of
the ideal presenter in
our environment?

“I always think a great
speaker convinces us not by
force of reasoning but
because he is visibly enjoying
the beliefs he wants us to
accept.”
-W.B. Yeats

Objectives of this Presentation
• By the end of the session, participants will be able to…
• Utilize eye contact, body language and voice to their
advantage in a presentation,
• Apply the 3 A’s in preparing content for a presentation,
• Preparation of Presentation
• Respond to questions in an effective manner.

General Competencies
• Interpersonal Communication
• Context
• Effect
• People
• Professionalism
• Appearance
• Impression
• Practice-Based Learning & Improvement
• Active Learner
• Social Interaction as a Mentor

Podium Panic
For some people, the thought of giving
a presentation is more frightening than
•falling off a cliff
•financial difficulties
•snakes Bites
even
•Death.

Dealing with Podium Panic
•Audiences are forgiving
•Nervousness is usually invisible
•Be yourself
•Practice deep breathing/ visualization
techniques
•Begin in your comfort zone

•Check out the room in advance
•Concentrate on the message
•Begin with a slow, well prepared
introduction
•Have a confident and clear
conclusion
•Be prepared and practice

•Never let them (The Audience) out of your
sight.
•Looking them in the eye makes them feel
that they are influencing what you say.
•Eye contact allows the presenter to
approximate conversation—the audience
feels much more involved.

Body Language
•Lean on or grip the podium
•Rock or sway in place
•Stand immobile
•Use a single gesture repeatedly
•Examine or bite your fingernails

Body Language
•Cross your arms in front of your chest
•Use obviously practiced or stilted gestures
•Chew gum or eat candy
•Click or tap your pen, pencil or pointer

Body Language
•Lean into the microphone
•Shuffle your notes unnecessarily
•Tighten your tie or otherwise play with
your clothing
•Crack your knuckles
•Jangle change or key in your pocket

• Voice Intelligibility
• Articulation
• Pronunciation
• Vocalized pauses
• Overuse of stock
expressions
• Substandard
grammar
• Voice Variability
• Rate of speech
• Volume
• Pitch or tone
• Emphasis

Preparing Content
•Analyze your AUDIENCE.
•Define what ACTION you want
them to take.
•Arrange your ARGUMENT to move
them.
3 A’s

AnalyzeYour Audience
•What are their names, titles, backgrounds,
reasons for attending, etc…?
•What are their big concerns?
•What are their objectives, fears, hot buttons,
and attitudes?

AnalyzeYour Audience
•What is their perception of you and
your institution?
•What are their questions likely to
be?
•What is personally at stake for
them?
•How much detail do they need?

DefineWhat Action
•What action do you want the
audience to take?
•Define it in terms of the audience.
•What will they feel, believe, and do
after hearing your talk?

Visual Aids
should be on
the
speaker’s
left.
Visual Aid

10 Steps of
Preparing the Presentation• Determine the purpose of your presentation and identify your own
objectives.
• Know your audience and what it knows.
• Define your topic.
• Arrange your material in a way that makes sense for your
objectives.
• Compose your presentation.
• Create visual aids.
• Practice your presentation (don’t forget to time it!)
• Make necessary adjustments.
• Analyze the room where you’ll be giving your presentation (set-up,
sight lines, equipment, etc.).
• Practice again.

Dealing the MS Power Point
• Selection of Design:
• Colour Scheme: soft and medium bright colours.
• Font Size and Style
• Inclusion of Audio and Videos only when highly relevant
• Only Bullets – Avoid paragraphing on Slides
• Use of graph and Charts: only when inevitable
• Power Point should be used as aid only. Thorough
dependency can be fatal.
• keep a backup of slides in paper form too.
• Focus should be upon performance rather than reading the
slides

The Colours

Beginning of Presentation on Stage
• Use Silence
• Look at the faces of the audience and talk with eyes and your expressions only and try to listen what
their expressions are speaking that loud. Then try to give interpretation to their reaction to you silence
in their silence.
• Point to the Future or Past
• Prospective (looking to the future): “30 Years from now, your job won’t exist.”
• -Retrospective (looking to the past): “In 1970, Japan owned 9% of the market. Today,
they own 37%.”
• Quote Someone
• The Joys of Parents are secret, so are their fears and grieves; they cannot utter
the one, nor will they utter the one; children sweeten labour. (Francis Bacon)
• Share Something Extraordinary
• I don’t know about you, but I love Snapple. Even more so, I love their bottle caps since they always share
fun facts or extraordinary insight into ordinary things. Is my life going to be improved because I know
how many times a bee’s wings flaps in a second? No. Is it crazy interesting? Yes.
• Tell a Story

Your turn!

Questions & Answers
“Does anyone have any
questions for my answers?”
-Henry Kissinger

Questions & Answers
•Beginning of a whole new
interactive presentation
•Opportunity to make a point
•Most presentations are won or
lost here

Questions & Answers
• Anticipate lines of
questioning
• Rehearse
• Don’t rank questions
• Keep answers brief
• Be honest—don’t BS
• Avoid negative words
• Don’t repeat negative
questions
• Clarify question
• Defer to experts
• Move your eyes off
questioner
• If negative, end your
response focused on
somebody else

NEVER argue
with a member of
the audience.
THE RULE

Instead…
• Look at the questioner.
• Remain neutral and attentive.
• Listen to the whole question.
• Pause before you respond.
• Address the questioner, then move your eyes to others.

Easy as A B C
“I can’t Answer that
question Because …,
but I Can tell you…”

“Better to keep your
mouth shut and appear
ignorant than open it
and remove all doubt.”
-Mark Twain

Objectives forToday
• By the end of the session, participants will be able to…
• utilize eye contact, body language and voice to their advantage
in a presentation,
• apply the 3 A’s in preparing content for a presentation,
• develop visual aids that reflect good instructional design
properties, and
• respond to questions in an effective manner.

“Make sure you have finished
speaking before your audience
has finished listening.”
Dorothy Sarnoff