C2C platforms research conducted by Nguyen Hong Pham-Reebonz research

C2C PLATFORMS RESEARCH
NGUYEN HONG PHAM

All Consumer Goods
1. Amazon
2. AirBnB
3. Uber
4. Tinder
5. Snapchat
6. Whatsapp
7. Yelp
8. Linkedin
Reasons to choose these platforms for research
● Most innovative platforms, with very large
community. Marketing strategies of these
companies that I put in this PPT are highly
selective, so Closets can adopt from them
● Most are start-up at the very beginning
● Successfully solve the problem of liquidity
among buyers & sellers.
● Some platforms, like Snapchat & WhatSaap
not really focus on all consumer goods, but I
still choose because the way they build their
community is very fast & excellent.

All Consumer Goods
Mobile platform only
- Tinder
- Uber
- Snapchat
- Whatsapp
The outlay of each platform will be as followed
1. Business Model
2. Marketing Strategies
In Marketing Strategies part, I try to highlight
how these platform increase liquidity among
sellers & buyers & how to attract first users.

TINDER
Business Model
- Tinder is a location-based mobile dating
application that matches prospective
partners with one another
- By January 2014, the app boasted more
than 10 million users.
- By December of 2014, the app had been
downloaded more than 40 million times
with users swiping 1 billion times per day.

TINDER
Marketing Strategies
Building Supply & Word of
Mouth
- In Tinder, the “supply” of women on a
platform is what triggers the participation
of men. It’s the same principle behind
“Ladies’ Night” promotions at clubs &
bars.
- Tinder knew this and supply-hacked the
dating app with women first, focusing on
sorority girls as the early adopters.
- As more women joined the platform,
men were eager to download it and see

TINDER
Face-to-face Presentation
to spread WOM
- Tinder sent CMO all America to do her
presentation, and have all the girls at the
meetings install the app.
- Then she’d go to the corresponding
brother fraternity—they’d open the app
and see all these cute girls they knew.
❖ RESULT:
➢ After the trip, Tinder had grown
from fewer than 5,000 to almost
15,000

TINDER
Events & Parties
Sponsorship
- Tinder sponsored a lot of school events &
parties, in which participants had to show
they already installed Tinder apps on
their phone to join these events

TINDER
The User Experience
- A dating site without potential matches
isn’t very useful.
- The experience of reviewing matches by
swiping left to dismiss a match and right
to confirm a match is satisfying and feels
intuitive on a mobile device.

TINDER
Gamification of Dating and
Variable Rewards
- Variable rewards is a powerful
psychological concept used in gambling
- Because it is impossible to see who is
next, the urge to swipe is powerful. What
if that next card is your perfect match?
- People keep swiping to see if they'll hit
the match “jackpot” on the next swipe.

TINDER
Monetization
❖ In-app purchases, such as offering
Facebook-style gifts like a dozen virtual
roses
❖ TinderPlus
➢ Rewind to the previous person you
swiped left on.
➢ Passport which lets users look for
matches anywhere in the world,
instead of just being constrained to
their current geographic location.
➢ No ads

TINDER
Monetization

What CLOSETS can adopt from TINDER?
1
Face2Face Present &
WoM
- Singapore market is quite
small, ~5 millions
- If our target customers
for CLOSETS are office
workers & housewives,
can we have face-to-face
presentations to
introduce our platforms
to them?
2 Events Sponsorship
- Events for office
workers or housewives
3 Variable Rewards
- Unexpected items
appears, letting them
keep swiping.

UBER
Business Model
- Uber’s revenue is up 18% month over
month, and in the past year alone they’ve
grown from just 75 employees to more
than 300. (Source)

UBER
Early Adopter Advocacy
- Uber interacted regularly with the tech
community by sponsoring tech events,
providing free rides
- As early adopters tried Uber, they took to
blogs, social media and every other way
possible to tell their friends about this
new way to ride.

UBER
Word of Mouth from Satisfied
Customers
- 95% of all our riders have heard about
Uber from other Uber riders.
- In fact, for every 7 Uber rides, word of
mouth generates a new Uber user.
(Source)

UBER
Leverage Distinct Growth
Opportunities
Uber has also leveraged some real life
situations to spur growth, including:
1. Restaurants and Nightlife
2. Holidays and events
3. Weather
4. Sports (Source)
Special events and holidays also provide an
opportunity to showcase Uber’s model

UBER
Leverage Distinct Growth
Opportunities

UBER
Uber has experimented with:
● on-demand Uber Ice Cream
● on-demand roses for Valentine’s day
● on-demand barbecue in Texas
● DeLorean rides in San Francisco
● UberCHOPPER helicopter rides to the
Hamptons
● Standard promotional efforts, such as
$10 off coupons and the like.

UBER
Low Risk Trials
The company routinely hands out $20 first ride
credits that let new users take a free Uber ride
to try them out.

What CLOSETS can adopt from UBER?
1
Face2Face Present &
WoM
small, ~5 millions
presentations to
to them?
2 Events Sponsorship
- Events for office
workers or housewives
3 Low-risk trials
- We can give them a
small gift if they sell
their items to us

SNAPCHAT
Business Model
Snapchat created a way for teens to share
photos freely
Snapchat allows users to send photos and
videos to one or many friends, while limiting
how long the recipients can see them.

SNAPCHAT
Face-to-face presentation to
spread WOM
- The founders first spread the word about
Snapchat to college friends at Stanford
University
- People became aware of Snapchat by
seeing others use it as well or taking part
in the experience by jumping in for group
selfies.
- “Group selfies” prompt conversations.
- In fact, 30% of Snaps are sent to groups
(Source). Groups also gather around to
view a Snapchat to see it before it
disappears.

SNAPCHAT
Strong User Engagement &
Variable rewards
- Snapchat messages arrive as little gifts
packed with intrigue. We don’t know
what’s inside, and we’re anxious to see
what it is. We also know the message will
disappear quickly, so we focus on it, giving
the message our undivided attention.

What CLOSETS can adopt from SNAPCHAT?
1
Face2Face Present &
WoM
small, ~5 millions
presentations to
to them?
2 Variable rewards
- Unexpected items
appears, letting them
keep swiping.
3
Users’ experience,
focusing on groups
- Surprising gifts to
customers
- Campaigns focusing on
group experience

WHATSAPP
Business Model
- WhatsApp is a cross-platform messaging
app that serves as a reliable, affordable
alternative to SMS and MMS—for which
carriers often charge per-message.
- WhatsApp is free for the first year and
then just .99 cents per year after that

WHATSAPP
Business Model
- No ads
- No games
- No gimmicks

WHATSAPP
Word of Mouth
- Once users realized the app’s utility, they
wanted to spread the word
- New products are adopted and effectively
marketed by early users to other users,
who in turn recruit the next and larger
wave.

WHATSAPP
The Network Effect
- Someone who downloads WhatsApp and
finds that thirty or forty contacts are
already using it is much more likely to
remain engaged and send invitations

What CLOSETS can adopt from Whatsapp?
1 Word of Mouth
small, ~5 millions
presentations to
to them?
2 The network effects
- Someone who
downloads Closets
and finds that some of
their friends already
download Closets
3

All Consumer Goods
Web & Mobile platform
- Amazon
- Airbnb
- Yelp
- Linkedin
1. Business Model
2. Marketing Strategies
In Marketing Strategies part, I try my best to
highlight how these platform increase liquidity
among sellers & buyers & how to attract first
users.

AMAZON
Business Model
- Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as
Amazon, is an American electronic
commerce and cloud computing company
based in Seattle
- Amazon.com is the world's third-largest
information technology company by
revenue

AMAZON
Marketing strategies
Cost leadership
Change prices frequently to
test the demand for products
- Amazon changes the price on as many as
80 million items on its site
- Amazon’s strategy is to frequently lower
prices until they beat competitors - for all
products
- Amazon uses premium pricing for its
products & services, where the company
possesses solid market share &
competitive advantage

AMAZON
Amazon’s business is highly
seasonal
The company generated 33%, 33%, and 32% its
annual revenue during the fourth quarter of
2014, 2015, and 2016 respectively

AMAZON
Prime Customer loyalty
program
- About 25% of US households have Prime
accounts
- Loyalty program members spend 5-20%
more than non-members, and purchase
frequency
- The logic behind: customers are paying
for Prime & they wanna make use of that
investment as best they can

AMAZON
program
- Prime Customers get free & fast shipping
for millions of products, cloud storage,
various free streaming movies & TV shoes,
streaming music & a Kindle owners
lending library
- A vital point about all of these perks is
that they’re continual. That is, instead of
giving shoppers one-time rewards for
purchasing, Amazon loops its loyalty
members into a entire ecosystem with
benefits

AMAZON
program

AMAZON
Email marketing
❖ Amazon sends out different emails for
different products, even when you
purchased everything at the same time
➢ Very specific subject lines, when
customers are going through their
email, they are more likely to notice
a particular product name.
➢ If someone particularly liked or
disliked a certain product, they will
then be more likely to click.

AMAZON
Email marketing

AMAZON
Amazon Prime Day 2016
- Exclusively for Prime members
- The sale offers more deals than Black
Friday on a variety of products including
electronics, toys, video games, movies,
clothing, patio, lawn and garden, sports,
outdoor items, and more.
- The shopping event provides special offers
including “Lightning Deals” and “Deals of
the Day” on products to new and existing
Prime members as often as every 10

What CLOSETS can adopt from AMAZON?
1
Prime Customer Loyalty
Program
- We can partner with
Spas, hair salons & nail
shops to offer benefits for
customers joining our
prime memberships
2 Email Marketing
- Sends out different emails for different
products, even when you purchased
everything at the same time
- Very specific subject lines
- Segment email contacts who open our
emails the most & who not so that we
can send emails suitable for them. For
example, if customer A tend to open our
Edm about Gucci a lot of times, meaning
that she likes Gucci so we can send her
special voucher on Gucci products.
3 Prime day
- Create very special day
for prime customers
only

Airbnb
Business Model
- Airbnb is a marketplace to list, find, and
book unique accommodations
- The company has over 2,000,000 listings
in 34,000+ cities and 190+ countries &
served 60,000,000+ guests till now.

Airbnb
Craigslist Platform Integration
- Craigslist was the place where people who
wanted standard hotel experience looked
for listings—in other words, Airbnb’s
target market.
- Airbnb offered users who listed properties
on Airbnb the opportunity to post them to
Craigslist

Airbnb
❖ RESULT
➢ This integration brought AirBnb huge
volume of potential users accessible
via Craigslist.
➢ Those with properties listed on
Airbnb ended up making more
money on their listings, which kept
them using the service

Airbnb

Airbnb
Improve the quality images of
listings
- PROBLEMS: users weren’t doing a great
job of presenting their listings, "The
photos were really bad, and therefore no
one was booking because you couldn't see
what you were paying for."
- AIRBNB’S SOLUTIONS: they rented a
$5,000 camera and went door to door,
taking professional pictures of as many
New York listings as possible.
- RESULT: led to two to three times as many
bookings on New York listings, and
Airbnb’s revenue in the city had doubled.

Airbnb
Photography service

Airbnb
Airbnb photography service
- Hosts could automatically schedule a
professional photographer to come and
photograph their space.
- Airbnb earn their hosts an average of
$1,025 per month
- By 2012, that number had grown to more
than 2,000 freelance photographers
employed by Airbnb to photograph 13,000
listings on six continents

Airbnb
Social connection
- 2011, Airbnb introduced Airbnb Social
Connections, leveraging users’ social graphs via
Facebook Connect.
- Airbnb Social Connection allows listings to show
the avatars of mutual connections—friends who
have stayed with the host or are friends with
the host.
- Social Connections also allows guests to search
for hosts based on other characteristics, like

Airbnb
Attract new sellers
- Physically visit
- Facebook ads
PROBLEM: Airbnb is a two-sided marketplace,
meaning that they have to grow both the
demand side (travelers) and the supply side
(hosts).
SOLUTION: Setting up an A/B test in which they
chose several small vacation markets & They
randomly selected
- half of the locations to physically visit
- half to target using Facebook ads

Airbnb
Attract new sellers
- Physically visit
- Facebook ads

Airbnb
Attract new sellers
Physically visit
Facebook ads
- In the markets they physically visited,
Airbnb talk to the few users already in
that market to get an idea of what was
going on.
- They also made sure to get contact info
for everyone they talked to who showed
interest in hosting, and they followed up
later with more information, an offer to
create a listing for them to review.

Airbnb
Attract new sellers
Physically visit
Facebook ads
- RESULT: Cost per acquisition was 5x
better for actually sending people into
markets.
- After “kickstarting” these markets with a
human presence, they kept growing 2x
faster by themselves

Airbnb
Expansion: “The Entire Trip”
- Launched Airbnb Neighborhoods and
Local Lounges
- Neighborhoods allowed Airbnb guests to
use their interests to help them select a
place to stay.

Airbnb
Reference customer Program
- Airbnb wants invites felt like gifts (rather
than promotions)
- Airbnb found out invites with a photo of
the sender helped to reinforce that
feeling.
- They also found that using the
Recommended Contacts feature from
Gmail and Android APIs resulted in a
higher conversion rate, likely because
these contacts are closer to the sender.

Airbnb
RESULT
- Airbnb’s new referrals program has
already resulted in hundreds of thousands
of nights booked by referred users in 2014
- Referrals increased booking as much as
25% in some markets

Airbnb

What CLOSETS can adopt from AIRBNB?
1 Platform Integration
- Collaborate with some
preowned forums like
http://deluxemall.com/in
dex.php
2
Improve image quality of
listings
- Hire photographers to
come to sellers’ house
& take pictures for
products
- Singapore is small so
this thing is possible
3
Reference customer
program
- Invites with a photo of
the sender
- Use the
Recommended
Contacts feature from
Gmail and Android
APIs resulted in a
higher conversion rate

Linkedin
Business Model
- A publicly traded company with a market
cap of nearly $18 billion
- A network of more than 225 million users
from 200 countries and 4,800 employees
- LinkedIn users would be restricted to
trusted connections that they knew
personally or were referred to through
others in their professional network.

LINKEDIN
Focusing on the Tech Scene
& local business heroes
- LinkedIn solved the classic chicken and
egg problem of a network effect business
by localizing the network to achieve
critical mass around the Silicon Valley
audience & tapping into a local
population where it could reach critical
mass.
- This critical mass creates the utility
needed in network businesses to create
the high-quality must-have experience
that breeds both user loyalty and word of

LINKEDIN
Freemium
- Evenue streams: job listings, subscriptions,
and advertisements.
- LinkedIn Premium—which offers special
packages for businesses, recruiters, job
seekers, and sales professionals—boasts
increased functionality and advanced
features that vary from package to
package.

LINKEDIN
The Value of Active Users
- The emails had a 5% click-through rate
(CTR) for inactive users, but a 20% CTR for
active users.
- Rather than trying to woo inactive users,
LinkedIn chose to once again focus on
their strengths, making the emails more
appealing to active users by testing
subject lines, copy, and formatting.

LINKEDIN
The Value of Active Users
- Active users also play a critical role in both
re-activating inactive users and bringing in
new ones
- When people signed up for LinkedIn they
were asked about their current company
and title, and over 90% of people
answered this question. This information
was used to engineer the Reconnect Flow.

LINKEDIN
Double Viral Loop
- With the Reconnect Flow, once new users
signed up, they were immediately
presented with a list of people at their
current company already on LinkedIn
- The Reconnect Flow is created when
every Linkedin users are asked 2
questions, “Who do you know?” & “
where you used to work”

LINKEDIN
Public profiles
- Making profiles public created big traffic
and acquisition gains for LinkedIn.
- Profiles showing up in search results put
LinkedIn in front of more and more
people.
- Once people clicked into the site from
search, they had to then sign up for
LinkedIn before they could connect with
the person they were searching for.

LINKEDIN
Acquired the Gmail plugin
Rapportive
- In February of 2012, LinkedIn acquired the
Gmail plugin Rapportive, which lets users
connect with their contacts on LinkedIn
right from Gmail and displays their most
recent social networking updates
- This extended the ability to build LinkedIn
connections from the site to user’s
primary online productivity tool—email.

LINKEDIN
Acquired SlideShare
- In 2012, LinkedIn acquired SlideShare, a
platform for sharing professional content
like presentations and business
documents

LINKEDIN
Content Marketing - LinkedIn
Today
- LinkedIn Today—which offered users a
way to “cut through the clutter” and stay
in-the-know without having to juggle
multiple websites, blogs, tweets, and
newsletters.
- LinkedIn Today launched as part of the
LinkedIn iPhone app, allowing users to
read and save articles on the go.

LINKEDIN
Influencer program
- The idea was simple—select “thought
leaders” to create and share content
directly with users, exclusively on
LinkedIn.
- On average, an Influencer post receives
close to 30,000 views, with some receiving
more than a million and as many as 2
million
- The key is that Influencers program is
good for the Influencers themselves,
which is why they’re so willing to spend
their limited time creating content for the
site

LINKEDIN
GO MOBILE
- In 2013, LinkedIn launched LinkedIn Intro
App, leveraging the technology acquired
with Rapportive
- Linkedin Intro is designed to bring the
power of LinkedIn, and the technology of
Rapportive, straight to the iPhone’s Apple
Mail app. Users were able to see LinkedIn
profiles in the iPhone Mail app

LINKEDIN
Linkedin Intro
- When an Intro user receives an email from
someone they don’t know, the users sees
more than just an unrecognized email
address
- They also see a snippet of that person’s
LinkedIn profile, complete with photo,
company, and position.
- Tapping on the snippet provided more
information—location, education history,
mutual connections, past and current
occupations, and of course the ability to
connect on LinkedIn.

What CLOSETS can adopt from LINKEDIN?
1 The value of active users
- Improving strengths is
much easier than
correcting mistakes
- Active users are those
loving Closets & selling
more
2 Viral Loop
- We can ask our app
users, “ what is your
favourite brands”, “
what is your favourite
color” & connect those
with same favourite.
- They can connect with
each other & make
friends
3
Solved chicken and egg
problem of a network effect
- Focus on our target
customers of Closets,
from them we can create
WOM & network effect.
- Our target customers are
those above 35 years old.
So should be office
workers & housewives?

YELP
Business Model
- A platform combines social networking
and reviews, letting users ask their friends
for recommendations on local businesses.
- In 2012, Yelp opened on the New York
Stock Exchange with a valuation of about
$898 million.
- By September 30, 2013, they had
accumulated 47 million reviews, with an
average of 117 million monthly visitors

YELP
Yelp made their platform
Social
- Yelp focused on building a network of
reviewers with profiles, friends, and
accolades.
- Because users are more likely to trust
reviews from real people than
anonymous internet strangers.

YELP
Encourages reviewers to
establish reputation
- Yelp members can evaluate each other’s
reviews, chat online, become friends, and
meet with each other at offline social events.
- Each Yelp member has a public profile page
that records her activities, including reviews
written, number of useful, funny, and cool
review votes received
- Yelp friends made, and compliment letters
displayed.
- Yelp also recognizes some qualified prolific

YELP
Yelp Incentivized “Good”
Behavior, through rank and
recognition.
- It turns out that people really liked
receiving recognition for their reviews.
They were more likely to write in-depth,
well crafted reviews when their names
appeared alongside them.
- The most engaged Yelp users are awarded
“Elite” status.

YELP
Yelp Incentivized “Good”
Behavior, through rank and
recognition.
- Yelp users (65.8%) have contributed six or
more reviews, while just 9.2% of Yelp
users have contributed a single review
- At regular Yelp Events, Elites often got
first-chance to RSVP
- There are specific events just for Yelp Elite
that offer free food and drinks and swag.
- To maintain Elite status—users had to
maintain both the quantity and the quality
of their reviews.

YELP
Yelp started local
- Like Uber, Yelp took the city-by-city
approach
- Yelp launched in San Francisco in 2005
and making the city its sole focus
- CEO explains, “the new generation of Web
workers took Yelp to be their
entertainment bible, and that helped
generate enough critical mass that others
joined in.”

YELP
Yelp put users first
- Unlike Citysearch, which displayed
professional reviews more prominently
than normal user reviews, Yelp leveled the
playing field by eschewing professional
reviews altogether.
- Yelp even made it difficult for businesses
to have negative reviews taken down.
- Yelp stays true to the users kept the
community engaged and participating

YELP
SEO
- Yelp augmented this core content with
their own, launching local blogs, city
pages, user generated lists.
- As with both YouTube and SlideShare, the
embed feature can be a powerful traffic
driver, and Yelp’s embeddable review
widgets were no different.
- Businesses added the widgets feature to
show off their Yelp ratings, and Yelp got a
ton of links and great anchor text in
return.

What CLOSETS can adopt from YELP?
1 Make Closets social
- Create user profiles with
profiles, friends, and
accolades.
2
“Elite” members &
encourage users to
establish a social image or
reputation
- Create place where Closets users
can evaluate each other, chat
online, become friends, and meet
with each other at offline social
events. Closets users should have a
public profile page that records her
activities. Closets can also
recognizes some qualified prolific
reviewers as “elite” members.”
3
Solved chicken and egg
problem of a network effect

Luxury Goods
1. Etsy
2. Ebay
3. The RealReal
4. Tradesy
5. StyleTribute
Reasons to choose these platforms for
research
● All are world-known
● Same business model with Reebonz

All Consumer Goods
Mobile & Web platform
- Etsy
- Ebay
- TheRealReal
- StyleTribute
1. Business Model
2. Compare it against Closets (Differences &
similarities)
3. What Closets did better
4. What Closets can adop from them

Etsy
Business Model
- Etsy is a peer-to-peer e-commerce
website focused on handmade or vintage
items and supplies, as well as unique
factory-manufactured items
- 2015, ten years after Etsy’s initial
founding, the company successfully
completed its IPO, raising more than $287
million and resulting in a valuation of
more than $3.5 billion.

Etsy
Attend art and craft shows
across US & Canada
- Problem: Etsy faced a challenge unique to two-
sided marketplaces: finding sellers and buyers
- Solutions: Etsy teams attended art and craft
shows / fairs across the US and Canada to
convince high profile feminist crafters to open
up stores and sell their wares on Etsy, buy them
lunch or give them “craft show kits” and
promotional materials.

Etsy
Word of Mouth
- Powerful word of mouth sharing came from
feminist bloggers who used crafting as a form
of expression and rejection of mass produced
culture.

Etsy
Organic Marketing / Network
Effects
- Since 2011, organic channels have represented
87–91% of Etsy’s traffic, while paid ads are have
been responsible for between just 2 to 7% of
traffic:

Etsy
Empowered Sellers
- As the company grew, it continued to provide
support for sellers, who marketed their wares
and, in turn, marketed the Etsy platform.
- Etsy provides internal management tools &
third party apps to help sellers better process
their orders and stay in touch with their
customers, deep social media integrations

Etsy
Leverage social media with
their motivated power-sellers
Pininterests
Blogs
- Before, Etsy uses blog
- Now, new social networks like Pinterest have
continued to send low-cost, high-value traffic to
Esty.
- Etsy also launched a Guest Pinner program in
which pinners—including Etsy Sellers, popular
bloggers, and brands like Martha Stewart
Weddings Magazine—pin to Etsy group boards.

Etsy
SEO
- Search Engine Marketing from Google product
listing ads

Etsy
Revenue Model
- Etsy generates revenue in six different ways
○ The $0.20 listing fee charged for each item
○ A 3.5% commission on every sale
○ Promoted listings
○ Direct checkout
○ Shipping labels
○ Point of sale payments
- Revenue generated by seller services helps to
offset the cost of credit card processing fees
from marketplace transactions.

Etsy
2 Factors in Etsy’s
growth
2 factors
● Small Take Rate
● Non-transactional Revenue

What CLOSETS can adopt from ETSY?
1
Meet potential sellers
face to face
- Convince them to consign
their luxury items
- Give voucher
- Spread word-of-mouth
sharing
2
Focus on Empowered
sellers
- Provide empowered
sellers tools to manage
their orders
3
Leverage social media
with their motivated
power-sellers
- Sellers can share their
listings on their social
platforms, Fb, Instagram
& Pinterest

Ebay
Business Model
- A prominent online player because of the
vast portfolio of products
- Bill Me Later is an Ebay service that
provides convenient and secure payment
method designed for purchasing on the
web or over the phone.

Ebay
Ebay Authenticate
- Sellers are able to opt-in by selecting “Sell
with eBay Authenticate”
- Industry experts will authenticate, list,
sell, and then ship the product to buyers.
- After the item is sold, sellers receive 80%
of the final selling price.
- With the eBay Authenticate program,
eligible items like handbags and wallets
are listed for 60 days and if it doesn’t sell
within that time frame, the product is
returned to the seller at no cost.

Ebay
Give sellers more tools and
data to grow their business
- Ebay Coach gives sellers data about how
quickly certain items are selling, and which
items aren’t selling
- Ebay also tells sellers when they could
increase or lower prices, based on data of
similar items sold throughout the site.
- Sellers can now pay eBay extra to list their
items higher on the page and therefore
get more exposure

Ebay
Collaborate with
BigCommerce to expand its
seller base
- A strategic relationship with BigCommerce
that allows the BigCommerce merchants
to seamlessly list their products and
manage their inventory on the eBay
marketplace.
- It can significantly expand eBay’s seller
base and enhance its portfolio of
products.

Ebay
Very focus on listings &
Structure data
- Building Relevant, Persistent and
Personalized Experiences, allowing users
to see relevant and tailored items,
specifically based on their shopping
behavior.
- Ebay customers are able to do research
using our editorial content guides, product
reviews, question and answers

Ebay
EBay introduces Q&As
& you can ask previous
buyers about specific
products
- Previous buyers are already able to leave
product reviews on eBay, but opening
Q&As to the broader community means
potential buyers are now able to ask very
specific questions, thus saving them the
hassle of having to send an unsatisfactory
item back and wait for a refund.

Ebay
EBay introduces Q&As
so you can ask previous
buyers about specific
products

What CLOSETS can adopt from EBAY?
1 Create seller Hub
- Give sellers more tools
and data to grow their
business
2 Introduce Q&As
- So that customers can
ask previous buyers
detailed questions
3 Specific Listings
- Males/ Females
- Size shoes
- Size clothes

TheRealReal
Business Model
- TheRealReal is the premier site for online
luxury consignment with over 600
employees and multiple locations across
the United States that accept and ship
product worldwide.

TheRealReal
Compare with Closets
What Closets did better
- Please see comparison table here

Styletribute
Business Model
- StyleTribute is a Singapore-based VC-
funded start-up that aims at
revolutionizing the second-hand fashion
industry, combining the premium
shopping experience and assortment of
Net-a-porter with the convenience and
user-friendliness of a marketplace solution
like Airbnb.

StyleTribute

All Consumer Goods
Web platform only
- Tradesy
1. Business Model
2. Compare it against Closets (Differences &
similarities)
3. What Closets did better
4. What Closets can adop from them

Tradesy
Business Model
- Tradesy is the simple way to buy and sell
fashion. Shop designer fashion at up to
90% off, and cash in on your closet,
hassle-free

Tradesy

Summary
- Closets is still young among very
competitive C2C platforms
- We need to solve the problem of
network effect which above-
mentioned brands already
successfully solved
- About pre-owned luxury products,
TheRealReal is leading, so we can
learn a lot from them.

C2C platforms research conducted by Nguyen Hong Pham-Reebonz research

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