Building Refurbishment for Energy Efficiency - A Cost Effective National Energy Resource, www.meteo.noa.gr

1. Building Refurbishment for Energy Efficiency -
A Cost Effective National Energy Resource
Group Energy Conservation, Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable
Development, National Observatory of Athens, Greece
XX www.facebook.com/GRoupEnergyConservation
Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development
www.meteo.noa.gr
Group Energy conservation
www.energycon.org
National Observatory of Athens
www.noa.gr
C.A. Balaras
Dr Mechanical Engineer, Research Director
costas@noa.gr
E.G. Dascalaki, K.G. Droutsa, S. Kontoyiannidis
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

2. 2
Final Energy Consumption: 1104.5 Mtoe
Buildings: 437.9 Mtoe (39.6%)
Residential: 289.2 Mtoe (26.2%)
Non-Residential: 148.7 Mtoe (13.5%)
Final Energy Consumption: 17.13 Mtoe
Buildings: 7.27 Mtoe (42.4%)
Residential : 5.04 Mtoe (29.4%)
Non-Residential: 2.23 Mtoe (13.0%)
Source: Eurostat pocketbooks, 2014
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015
Directives:
 Energy Efficiency (27/2012)
 EPBD (31/2010)
 RES (28/2009)
 ECODESIGN (125/2009)
 High energy-efficiency
 Low carbon economy
 Reduce energy import dependency
 Increase security of supply
Targets:
2020 Reduce GHGs by 20%, Increase to 20% share of RES in
energy mixture, Increase by 20% energy savings
2030 Reduce GHGs by 40%, Increase to 27% share of RES in
energy mixture, Increase by 27% energy savings

3. Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015
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4. 4Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015
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INITIAL
PHASE
INITIAL
EVALUATION
DETAILED
EVALUATION
WORKS
DEFINITION
WORKS
PHASE
FINAL
PHASE
PROJECT
PHASE
PREPARATION
PHASE
The building is broken down to 50 structural and functional elements, with one or more types. For
each element, common deteriorations are grouped in four diagnosis codes; “a” (best condition,
no retrofit action needed) to code “d” (worst condition, replacement is necessary). Each code is
associated with specific renovation or refurbishment works.

5. 5
TOBUS
XENIOS
EPIQR
Diagnosis, Deterioration of
building elements, Retrofit
scenarios, Assessment of IEQ &
Energy, Cost of refurbishment
INVESTIMMO
Deterioration & lifespan of different building
elements, environmental impact (e.g. use of
natural resources, pollutants) and indicators,
quality of life, total value of building
www.meteo.noa.gr/xenios
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

6. Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) Total CO2
emissions
savings in (kt)
#1. Thermal insulation of external walls 3573.6
#13. Solar collectors for sanitary hot water production 2709.7
#3. Weather proofing (sealing) of openings 1712.2
#4. Double glazing 1539.2
#5. Maintenance of central heating installations 951.4
#14. Energy efficient lamps 817.3
#2. Thermal insulation of roof 549.6
#6. Replacement of inefficient oil-boilers 438.6
#12. Replacement of old and inefficient local AC units 240.9
#8. Temperature balance controls for central space heating 156.8
#9. Space thermostats 146.9
#7. Replacement of inefficient oil-boilers with gas-boilers 144.0
#10. External shading 78.2
#11. Ceiling fans 93.0
CO2 emissions savings (kt)
ECM
O/C H S HC
#1. Thermal insulation of external walls 54.1 48.7 54.0 52.8
#2. Thermal insulation of roof 10.9 12.0 9.5 10.5
#3. Double glazing 46.9 21.1 21.6 26.6
#4. Maintenance of central heating installations 137.5 59.5 23.4 34.8
#5. Replacement of inefficient oil-boilers 49.2 23.1 23.5 29.6
#6. Replacement of oil- boilers with gas-boilers 16.4 5.4 -- 18.7
#7. Temperature balance controls for central space heating 26.0 5.7 9.0 7.5
#8. Space thermostats 18.4 2.6 6.3 5.3
#9. External shading 49.6 21.1 21.6 26.6
#10. Ceiling fans 488.5 292.9 28.3 38.8
#11: Night ventilation. 53.9 -- -- --
#12: Solar collectors for sanitary hot water 15.3 133.4 1.5 45.9
#13: Energy efficient lamps. 713.1 369.0 148.2 106.2
#14: BMS - Building Management System. 815.1 423.5 -- 59.7
Offices/Commercial Hotels
Residential
Health Care Schools
HIGH
POTENTIAL
Source:
C.A. Balaras et al, European Residential Buildings and Empirical Assessment of the Hellenic Building Stock, Energy Consumption, Emissions & Potential Energy Savings, Building and Environment, Vol. 42, No 3, p. 1298-1314, 2007.
A.G. Gaglia et al, Empirical Assessment of the Hellenic Non-Residential Building Stock, Energy Consumption, Emissions and Potential Energy Savings, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 48, No 4, p. 1160-1175 , 2007.
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7. 7Source:
K.G. Droutsa, et al., Ranking cost effective energy conservation measures for heating in Hellenic residential buildings, Energy & Buildings, Vol. 65, p. 318-332, (2014)
HIGH
POTENTIAL
 Max Primary Energy Savings  Min Payback Period
SFH
 Energy Savings & Payback Period
MFH

8. Challenges & Opportunities
How can we quantify them ?
Operational Energy
Performance Database
Calculations -
Simulations
Energy Balance
Sheets

9. 9Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

10. 10
Energy Performance Indicator Tracking Schemes
for the Continuous Optimisation of Refurbishment Processes
in European Housing Stocks
www.episcope.eu
National
building
typologies
Indicators for
rates of
refurbishment
Indicators for the
effectiveness of
ECMs
Realistic models
for assessing
ECMs Methodology for
continuous monitoring of
energy performance
National Pilot Actions
Tool
Realistic assessment of
potential energy savings
Closing the gap between
DESIGN - BUILT - REFURBISH - OPERATE
building performance
www.building-typology.eu
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

11. 11
Energy Performance Indicator Tracking Schemes
for the Continuous Optimisation of Refurbishment Processes
in European Housing Stocks
www.episcope.eu
ENERGY & BUILDINGS
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

12. 12
Energy Performance Indicator Tracking Schemes
for the Continuous Optimisation of Refurbishment Processes
in European Housing Stocks
National Brochures-Energy advice
TABULA WEBTOOL
http://webtool.building-typology.eu/webtool/tabula.html?c=all
EPISCOPE WEBTOOL
New & Updated versions to be released soon
http://episcope.eu/building-typology/webtool
EPISCOPE BROCHURES
New & Updated versions
http://episcope.eu/communication/download/
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

13. 13
Final Energy Consumption (Space Heating & DHW)
use only one energy carrier source for space heating or space heating and DHW
MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING (7,139 dwellings)SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSING (1,874 dwellings)
“Prebound” effect
actual < calculated
“Rebound” effect
actual > calculated
more evident for calculated
high-EUI (i.e. dwellings with
poor energy performance)
more evident for calculated
low-EUI (i.e. dwellings with
good energy performance)
Adaptation Factors
f(Actual/Calculated)
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

14. 14
Adaptation Factors
f(Actual/Calculated)
<8 hrs/day (71% SFH, 82% MFH)
Continuous (11% SFH, 8% MFH)
Entire heated floor area (7% SFH, 17% MFH) 27% Dissatisfied
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

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2009 vs 08 2010 vs 09 2011 vs 10 2012 vs 11 2013 vs 12
Electricity -1.6% -3.1% -1.4% -0.5% +1.2%
Natural Gas +27.6% +15.4% -0.9% -2.1% -3.2%
Oil -20.4% -8.0% -10.1% -14.7% -46.1%
Solid Fuels -17.9% +5.3% +1.1% +46.4% +20.7%
HDD 1434 1445 1342 1790 1655 1481
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

16. 16Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015
Calculated Primary (kWh/m2)
EstimatedActualPrimary(kWh/m2)

17. 17
BUILDING ENVELOPE
 Double Glazing
 Thermal insulation
PEU: Primary Energy Use; HDDR: Reference values; HDDA: Actual period of consumption
HEATING SYSTEMS & DHW
 Oil to Natural gas
 Oil to Heat pumps
 Replace burner
 Solar collectors
Adaptation Factors
f(After/Before)
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

18. Final energy: 5 Mtoe (2012)
Savings 469ktoe (2016), 1933ktoe (cumulative 2015-20)
(1% for 2014 & 2015, 1.25% for 2016 & 2017, 1.5% for 2018, 2019, 2020)
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CO2 emissions: 12.3Mt (2005)
-4% of 2005=11.8Mt (2020), -30% of 2005=8.6Mt(2030)
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015

19. 19
It is time to Unleash the potential of energy conservation in buildings
Plan a realistic path forward
(Use proper financing schemes, Inform-Engage-Facilitate stakeholders)
Int. Symposium ERFC «Social Cooperatives for Energy Cost Reduction», REMIDA, Athens, 31 March, 2015