Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves building 3D objects layer by layer using a variety of materials. It first emerged in 1987 using stereolithography, which solidifies thin layers of UV light-sensitive liquid polymer with a laser. Additive manufacturing requires a computer, 3D modeling software, machine equipment, and layering materials to build objects additively rather than through traditional subtractive methods. It has applications in industries like architecture, automotive, aerospace, and biomedical where it enables low-volume complex part production.