2. INTRODUCTION
0 WE USE DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND SERVICES IN
OUR DAILY LIFE.
0 THE MOVEMENT OF GOODS AND SERVICES NEEDS
TRANSPORT.
0 MOVEMENTS OF THESE GOODS AND SERVICES CAN
BE OVER THREE IMPORTANT DOMAINS , THAT IS,
LAND WATER AND EARTH.
0 TRANSPORT HAS ENRICHED OUR LIFE AND ADDED
SUBSTANTIALLY TO GROW THE COMFORTS IN OUR
LIVES.
8. ROADWAYS
† LOW CONSTRUCTION COST
† EASILY TRANSVERSED
† NEGOTIATE HIGHER GRANDIENTS OF
SLOPES
† ECONOMICAL FOR SHORT DISTANCE
† PROVIDES DOOR TO DOOR SERVICES
† LOW LOADING AND UN LOADING COST
† ACTS AS FEEDER TO OTHRS MEANS OF
TRANSPORT
11. GOLDEN QUADRLATERAL
0 MAINTAINED BY NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY OF
INDIA [NHAI]
0 CONNECTS METROPOLITAN CITIES OF DELHI, MUMBAI,
KOLKATA AND CHENNAI
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS
0 MAINTAINED BY CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
[CPWD]
0 PRIMARY ROADS CONNECTING MAJOR CITIES
STATE HIGHWAYS
0 MAINTAINED BY PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT [PWD]
0 CONNECTS STATE CAPITAL WITH DISTRICT HEADQUATERS
12. DISTRICT ROADS
0 MAINTAINED BY ZILLA PARISHAD
0 CONNECTS DISTRICT HEADQUATERS WITH OTHER PLACES
IN THE DISTRICT
RURAL ROADS
0 MAINTAINED BY GRAM PANCHYATS
0 CONNECT RURAL AREAS WITH TOWNS
BORDER ROADS
0 MAINTAINED BY BORDER ROAD ORGANISATION [BRO]
0 CONSTRUCT AND MAINTAIN ROADS IN BORDER AREAS FOR
DEFENCE
14. RAILWAYS
PRINCIPAL MODE OF TRANPORTATION OF
PASSENGERS AND FREIGHT
USED IN MULTIFARIOUS ACTIVITIES
ACCELERATES DEVELOPMENT
CARRY BULKY AND HEAVY FREIGHT
INTEGRATING FORCE
EXCELLENT FOR LONG DISTANCE
17. PIPELINES
PRINCIPAL MODE OF
TRANSPORTING WATER, GAS AND
MINERALS IN FORM OF SLURRY
HIGH LAYING COST, LOW
RUNNING COST
REDUCE TRANS-SHIPMENT
DELAYS
LEAKAGE EASILY DETECTED
18. PIPELINE NETWORK
IN INDIA
#OILFIELDS IN UPPER ASSAM- KANPUR VIA
GUWAHATI, BARAUNI AND ALLAHABAD
#SALAYA (GUJARAT) TO JALANDHAR (PUNJAB) VIA
VIRAMGAM, MATHURA, DELHI AND SONUPAT
#HAZIRA (GUJARAT) TO JAGDISHPUR (UP) VIA
VIJAIPUR (MP)
20. NATIONAL WATERWAYS IN INDIA
1. GANGA RIVER BETWEEN ALLAHBAD AND HALDIA
(1620 KM)
2. THE BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER BETWEEN SADIYA
AND DHUBRI (819 KM)
3. THE WEST COASTAL CANAL IN KERALA
(KATTABURMA – KOMMAN) UDYOGAMANDAL AND
CHAMPAKKARA CANAL (205 KM)
21. AIRWAYS
0FASTEST, COMFORTABLE AND
PRESTIGIOUS MODE OF TRANSPORT
0BEST SUITED FOR DIFFICULT TRRAINS
0PROVIDES DOMESTIC AND
INTERNATIONAL AIR SERVICES
0NATIONALISED IN 1953
0OPERATES PRIVATE, SCHDULED AND
NON SCHEDULED SERVICES
0ALSO USED FOR OFFSHORE DRILLING
OPERATIONS
25. PERSONAL
! LETTERS
! PHONE
MASS
! TV, RADIO, NEWSPAPER, FLIMS
! PROVIDES ENTERTAINMENT AND CREATS AWARENESS
! PROGRAMMES IN NATIONAL, REGIONAL AND LOCAL
LANGUAGES
! VARIETY OF PROGRAMMES
! DOORDARSHAN IS A NATIONAL TELEVISION CHANNEL
26. MAILS
CLASS OF MAILS
FIRST CLASS
CARDS AND
ENVELOPS
SECOND CLASS
BOOKS , PACKETS
AND REGISTERED
NEWSPAPERS
28. TRADE
0LOCAL TRADE: WITHIN CITIES, TOWNS,
VILLAGES, STATE ETC.
0INTERNATIONAL TRADE:
• BETWEEN TWO OR MORE COUNTRIES
• INDEX OF COUNTRY’S ECONOMIC
PROSPERITY
29. INTERNATIONAL TRADE
AND INDIA
0 EXCELLENT TRADE RELATIONS WITH THE COUNTRIES
IN WORLD
0 IMPORTS PETROLEUM AND ITS PRODUCTS, PRECIOUS
STONES, COAL, COKE, MACHINERY, FERTILIZERS ,ETC.
0 EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS,
ORES AND MINERALS, GEMS AND JEWELLERY
0 INDIA EMERGED AS SOFTWARE GAINT
0 EARN HUGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE
0 HOLDS CONSIDERABLE POSITION IN INTERNATIONAL
TADE
30. TOURISM AND INDIA
0 GROWN SUBSTANTIALLY OVER THE LAST THREE DECADES
0 WITNESSED INCREASE IN FOREGIN TOURISTS
0 15 MILLION PEOPLE DIRECTLY ENGAGED
0 CONSIDERABLE FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS
0 DEVELOPED INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING
0 PROMOTED NATIONAL INTEGRATION, SUPPORTED LOCAL
HANDICRAFTS AND CULTURAL PURSUITS
0 NEW FORMS OF TOURISM, DEVELOPED HERITAGE TOURISM,
ECO-TOURISM, ADVENTURE TOURISM, MEDICAL TOURISM,
CULTURAL TOURISM, BUSINESS TOURISM
34. Q. STATE THE THREE MEANS
OF TRANSPORT
MEANS OF
TRANSPORT
LAND AIR WATER
35. Q. WHAT IS A NATIONAL
HIGHWAY
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS
• MAINTAINED BY CENTRAL PUBLIC
WORKS DEPARTMENT [CPWD]
• PRIMARY ROADS CONNECTING MAJOR
CITIES
36. Q. HOW ARE THE ROADS
CLASSIFIED IN INDIA
• GOLDEN QUADRILATERAL
• NATIONAL HIGHWAY
• STATE HIGHWAY
• DISTRICT ROADS
• RURAL ROADS
• BORDER ROADS
37. Q. RAILWAYS ARE PRINCIPAL
MODE OF_____________________
• PASSENGERS
• FREIGHT
38. Q. STATE ANY ONE PIPELINE
NETWORKS IN INDIA
#OILFIELDS IN UPPER ASSAM- KANPUR VIA GUWAHATI,
BARAUNI AND ALLAHABAD
#SALAYA (GUJARAT) TO JALANDHAR (PUNJAB) VIA
VIRAMGAM, MATHURA, DELHI AND SONUPAT
#HAZIRA (GUJARAT) TO JAGDISHPUR (UP) VIA VIJAIPUR
(MP)
39. Q. WHY WE USE
WATERWAYS
√CHEAPEST MEANS
√FUEL EFFEICIENT AND MOST
ECONOMICAL
√CARRY HEAVY AND BULKY
GOODS
40. Q. STATE FEW INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORTS AND MAJOR PORTS
41. Q. GIVE FEW EXAMPLES OF
CLASSES OF MAIL
RAJDHANI
METRO
GREEN
BUSINESS
BULK
PERIODICAL