Gary Winans, NOAA Fisheries researcher, presentation to Nisqually River Council on Sept. 21, 2018

1. Evaluating biodiversity in the
Salish Sea at two levels.
• Northwest
Fisheries Science
Center
•
Gary Winans
• Sept 2018

2. PP. danae
Daniel Hull, director, and
Terence Lee
Nisqually Reach Nature Center
Margaret Homerding, Nisqually Tribe

4. Species are made up of
recognizable populations

5. Harbor Seal
H.R. Huber, et al. 2012

6. Miller et al 2006 8 mSATs
Geoduck clam

7. Species have recognizable
populations
Populations are different:
Locally Adapted to their neighborhood,
And/or are isolated & Randomly Changed.
So when Environment changes (naturally
or man-made)--
some populations make it and some may no

8. What species’ and their populations
have to adapt to ….
• Global climate change…water
temperature, sea level change,
• Urban growth…sewage
discharge, fresh water runoff
• Sudden man-made disasters

9. Envir change ==
species.
Species response func. of
its populations
responses
C:Usersgary winansDesktopA_HS Presentation_January2017.pptx
Z:PugetSoundAllspeciesARMSManchester 2018species roster.xlsx

10. Population level biodiversity
of sea life in the Salish Sea
• Lets figure out the ‘genetic neighborhood’
• Lets catalog intra specific diversity of shapes
and colors, and
• Lets apply these data to efficiently monitor,
model, and conserve what we have
U.S. Department of Commerce
| National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration |

11. Population Structure:
Conservation: Eel grass &
Olympia oysters
Management: Chum salmon
Education
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHYZChAdCFc

12. Eelgrass
J. Gaeckle WDNR & SFSU, unpub. mSATs
Transplanting stocks
For recovery efforts….

13. Why study populations: CONSERVATION

14. Outplanting seed stock for recovery

15. 10/22/2018
Why study populations: MANAGEMENT

16. Population Genetic Studies
In the Pacific Northwest

17. Why study populations: EDUCATION
2009 Trained 2 HS
teachers
2017
5 HS
Classrooms
and > 255
students

18. https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/education/foreducators/til.cfm

20. https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/education/foreducators/til.cfm

21. English sole
Winans, West, Baker, et al., unpub.

22. Spot prawn

23. • Animals >2mm (visible life)
• Animals in the biofilm (the unseen life:
using DNA metagenomic analysis)
Autonomous Reef Monitoring
Structures
SPECIES level biodiversity
of sea life in the Salish Sea
ARMS

24. ARMS are a stack of plates that are 230 mm x
230 mm with an 12.7 mm opening between
the plates. About $300 of materials in 2014.

25. ….to improve our ability to
measure, monitor, and
relate the biodiversity and
abundance of
these cryptic and
understudied organisms
with ecosystem processes
and function.
Rusty Brainard PIFSC
The unseen
The understudied
Youtube biodiversity ARMS

26. Shannon Pt.
Manchester
Nisqually
ARMS deployed starting in 2015
Neah Bay

28. Nisqually 28 species, 460 animals
0
50
100
150
200
250
300

29. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Shannon Pt
Manchester
Nisqually
Number of species

30. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Shanon
Man
Nisq
Comparison of top-5 most abundant species per site

31. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Shannon Point

33. Jingle shell

37. 4870.jpg
Anoplarchus insignis
Slender cockscomb
(on 1 cm grid)

38. Artedius harringtoni
Scalyhead sculpin004
4820.jpg

40. Nisqually 18_003
Gunnel

41. Two species of shrimp

42. Shrimp sp. 2 ARMS2 NIS18-13 5333.JPG
10 MM
Eualis subtilis
Pygmy Eualid shrimp

45. Pandalus danae
Dock shrimp

47. P. danae

48. Blackclaw crabAdult size is 24-40mm GJ

49. ARMS1 NIS18-016
~9 species of polycheata

51. ARMS2 NIS18-024

52. ARMS 2 NIS18-024

53. Arms 3 : nis18-039
ARMS 2 NIS18-024

54. ARMS2 NIS18-024

55. Echinodermata

57. Flatworms

58. Tunicata

59. Amphissa sp.
5 species of mollusca

61. Clam sp.

63. Limpet sp.

65. Jingle shell
Adults to 130 mm: Lamb & Hamby
70 mm

68. Yellow bar 10 mm
Scyra acutifrons sharp nose crab
(*GJ) Orign.(Hyas lyratus Pac. Lyre crab)
Pugettia gracilis (*GJ)kelp crab
Petrolisthes eriomerus, flattop porcelain crab
Lophopanopeus bellus, blackclaw crab
Adults to
45 mm19 mm
45 mm 25-40 mm

69. Shannon Pt: 42 species,
511 animals in 1 ARMS
Manchester: 19 species,
183 animals/ARMS
Nisqually: 28 species,
153/ARMS
Neah Bay: ??

70. 10 mm
Petrolisthes
eriomerus
Flattop crab
(Porcellanidae)

71. The top plate of an ARMS at Manchester, Clam Bay. A
Metridium sp. occupies the top right corner.