1.
#mongodbdays @mongodb @nleite #developers
Building your first app
An introduction to MongoDB
Norberto Leite
SA, MongoDB

2.
First Things First!

3.
Let’s not talk about Fußball!

4.
Quick Introduction
• Norberto Leite
– SA
– Madrid, Spain
– norberto@mongodb.com
– @nleite

5.
Welcome to MongoDB Days
Munich!
This is YOUR conference!

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Thanks for being part of the Family!

7.
Grab our staff for anything you need!

8.
What is MongoDB?

9.
MongoDB is a ___________ database
• Document
• Open source
• High performance
• Horizontally scalable
• Full featured

10.
Document Database
• Not for .PDF & .DOC files
• A document is essentially an associative array
• Document = JSON object
• Document = PHP Array
• Document = Python Dict
• Document = Ruby Hash
• etc

11.
Open Source
• MongoDB is an open source project
• On GitHub
• Licensed under the AGPL
• Started & sponsored by MongoDB Inc (formerly
10gen)
• Commercial licenses available
• Contributions welcome

12.
High Performance
• Written in C++
• Extensive use of memory-mapped files
i.e. read-through write-through memory caching.
• Runs nearly everywhere
• Data serialized as BSON (fast parsing)
• Full support for primary & secondary indexes
• Document model = less work

13.
Shard 1 Shard 2 Shard 3 Shard N
Horizontally Scalable

14.
Database Landscape

15.
Full Featured
• Ad Hoc queries
• Real time aggregation
• Rich query capabilities
• Strongly consistent
• Geospatial features
• Support for most programming languages
• Flexible schema

16.
Setting Expectations
• What is MongoDB
• How to develop with MongoDB
• Scale with MongoDB
• Analytics
• MMS
• Sharding
• Setting the correct environment

17.
Ready to become a Pro!

18.
mongodb.org/downloads

19.
Running MongoDB
$ tar –z xvf mongodb-osx-x86_64-2.6.5.tgz
$ cd mongodb-osx-i386-2.4.4/bin
$ mkdir –p /data/db
$ ./mongod

20.
Mongo Shell
MacBook-Air-:~ $ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.6.5
connecting to: test
> db.test.insert({text: 'Welcome to MongoDB'})
> db.test.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("51c34130fbd5d7261b4cdb55"),
"text" : "Welcome to MongoDB"
}

21.
Document Database

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Terminology
RDBMS MongoDB
Table, View ➜ Collection
Row ➜ Document
Index ➜ Index
Join ➜ Embedded Document
Foreign Key ➜ Reference
Partition ➜ Shard

23.
Let’s Build a Blog

24.
Let’s Build a Blog

25.
Let’s Build a Personal Data Hub!

26.
First step in any application is
Determine your entities

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Entities in our Data Hub
• Accounts
• Messages
– emails
– tweets
– comments
– streams
• Notifications

28.
In a relational base app
We would start by doing schema
design

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Typical (relational) ERD
Messages
Email
Tweets
Facebook
messages
Alerts
Accounts

30.
Das ist beängstigende Sache

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In a MongoDB based app
We start building our app
and let the schema evolve

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MongoDB ERD
Accounts
- account
- user
- password
- refresh_rate
- uri
Alerts
Messages
- id
- time
- account_id
- from
- to
- body
- attachments
- text
- user
- time
- retweets
- subscribers
- channel
- rate
- period
- metrics:[]
…

33.
Working With MongoDB

34.
Demo time

35.
Switch to Your DB
>db
test
> use datahub
switching to db datahub

36.
Create our first Document
>var account = {
"name": "gmail",
"credentials": {
"user": "norberto@mongodb.com",
"password": "YOU WISH!"
},
"smtp": "smpt.gmail.com",
"tls": true
}

37.
Switch to Your DB
>db
test
> use datahub
switching to db datahub
> db.accounts.insert( account )

38.
Insert the Record
> db.accounts.insert(account)
No collection creation necessary

39.
Find One Record
> db.accounts.findOne()
{
"_id": ObjectId("54490561150027cc775b1019"),
"name": "gmail",
"credentials": {
"user": "norberto@mongodb.com",
"password": "YOU WISH!"
},
"smtp": "smpt.gmail.com",
"tls": true
}

40.
_id
• _id is the primary key in MongoDB
• Automatically indexed
• Automatically created as an ObjectId if not provided
• Any unique immutable value could be used

41.
ObjectId
• ObjectId is a special 12 byte value
• Guaranteed to be unique across your cluster
• ObjectId("50804d0bd94ccab2da652599")
|----ts-----||---mac---||-pid-||----inc-----|
4 3 2 3

42.
Rich Data Types
> db.accounts.findOne()
{
"_id": ObjectId("54490561150027cc775b1019"),
"name": "gmail",
"credentials": {
Strings
"user": "norberto@mongodb.com",
"password": "YOU WISH!"
},
”last_access": ISODate("2014-10-30T13:09:36.724Z"),
"smtp": "smpt.gmail.com",
"tls": true
}
Date
Boolean

43.
BSON

44.
Inserting Messages (emails, tweets …)
> db.messages.insert({
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", ]
…
}

45.
Inserting Messages (emails, tweets …)
> db.messages.insert({
"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"),
"From" : "norberto@mongodb.com",
"To" : "mongodb-user@googlegroups.com",
"Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"),
"body" : {
"text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!"
},
"Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World"
})

46.
Finding a Message
> db.message.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"),
"From" : "norberto@mongodb.com",
"To" : "mongodb-user@googlegroups.com",
"Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"),
"body" : {
"text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!"
},
"Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", ]
…
}

47.
Querying An Array
> db.article.find({"hashtags":"#java"}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54527e08257844421e64623f"),
"favorited" : false,
"contributors" : null,
"truncated" : false,
"text" : "converting to #java 8, #programing ",
"in_reply_to_status_id" : null,
”hashtags”: [ "#java", "#programing"]
…
}
query in JSON

48.
Using Update to Add a Comment
> db.messages.update({
"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1") },
{$set: { opened:
{date: ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), user: ’Norberto'}
}
})
>
which is a subdocument set new field on the document

49.
Post with Comment Attached
> db.message.findOne({"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1")})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("54523d2d25784427c6fabce1"),
"From" : "norberto@mongodb.com",
"To" : "mongodb-user@googlegroups.com",
"Date" : ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"),
"body" : {
"text/plain" : ”Hello Munich, nice to see yalll!"
},
"Subject" : ”Live From MongoDB World”
"opened" : {"date": ISODate("2012-08-15T22:32:34Z"), "user": ’Norberto'}
}
Find document by primary key

50.
MongoDB Drivers

51.
Real applications are not
built in the shell

52.
MongoDB has native
bindings for over 12
languages

53.
Morphia
MEAN Stack
Java
Python
Perl
Ruby
Support for the
most popular
languages and
frameworks

54.
Great, I’m excited! What’s next?

55.
docs.mongodb.org

56.
Never Stop Learning!

57.
Schema Design, Schema
Design, Schema Design,
Schema Design!

58.
Legacy Migration
1. Copy existing schema & some data to MongoDB
2. Iterate schema design development
Measure performance, find bottlenecks, and embed
1. one to one associations first
2. one to many associations next
3. many to many associations
3. Migrate full dataset to new schema
New Software Application? Embed by default

59.
Embedding over Referencing
• Embedding is a bit like pre-joined data
– BSON (Binary JSON) document ops are easy for the server
• Embed (90/10 following rule of thumb)
– When the “one” or “many” objects are viewed in the context
of their parent
– For performance
– For atomicity
• Reference
– When you need more scaling
– For easy consistency with “many to many” associations
without duplicated data

60.
It’s All About Your Application
• Programs+Databases = (Big) Data Applications
• Your schema is the impedance matcher
– Design choices: normalize/denormalize, reference/embed
– Melds programming with MongoDB for best of both
– Flexible for development and change
• Programs×MongoDB = Great Big Data Applications

61.
We've introduced a lot of
concepts here

62.
IoT

63.
MMS @
Scale Easily
Best Practices,
Automated
Cut
Management
Overhead

64.
Scalability @

65.
DevOps @
Provision
Upgrade
Scale
Continuous Backup
Point-in-Time Recovery
Performance Alerts

66.
Wrapping up …
• MongoDB is a great Developers Tool
• Designed for :
• Scalability
• Flexibility
• Performance
• Multipurpose
• Great Ecosystem

67.
Well Done !

68.
Questions?

69.
#mongodbdays
Obrigado!
Norberto Leite
norberto@mongodb.com