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www.oeko.de
Changing drivetrain and behaviour
Electric cars in company fleets
and flexible car-sharing systems in German cities
Lukas Minnich
E-Mobility – International Conference Hamburg, 28 September 2016

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www.oeko.de
ePowered Fleets Hamburg –
EVs in company car pools
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016
? company & fleet characteristics
? vehicle use patterns
? practical experience &
user acceptance
? fleet management &
electrification strategy
? vehicle procurement &
cost structure
? effect on emissions
ü panel surveys:
- fleet managers
- pool car users
- company car users
- reference group
ü driving data analysis EVs &
reference cars
ü mobility diaries, interviews…
supported
by:

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www.oeko.de
ePowered Fleets Hamburg – preliminary results
● aprox. 500 EVs (mainly BEVs or REEVs) in 230 company fleets
● from one-man business to multinationals, fleets of 1 to 1.000+ vehicles
● 25% of the EVs in rural communities
● EVs as a reliable, modern, eco-
friendly means of transportation;
85% generally positive
2020 forecast
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016

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www.oeko.de
driving data sample of
50 EVs
ePowered Fleets Hamburg – preliminary results
● most fleet operators testing 1-2 EVs
● gaining first experiences
● especially electric pool cars sometimes poorly integrated;
lack of systematic disposition
● often limited to single purposes in
urban surroundings
● use of EVs as company cars mostly
in senior management
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016

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www.oeko.de
share – electric and conventional car-sharing
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016
ü research on car2go flexible
(flex) car-sharing (CS)
- Stuttgart (EV only)
- Cologne (conventional only)
- Frankfurt (conventional only)
ü 1,400+/2,300+ responders
(pilot group / reference group
in
cooperation
with:
supported
by:

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www.oeko.de
share – electric and conventional flexible car-sharing
(flex CS)
? user characteristics
and acceptance of
conventional and
electric flex CS
? changes in car
ownership
? shifts in modal split
? potentials of possible
future flex CS offers
? environmental
impact of flex CS
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016

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www.oeko.de
share – user characteristics and behaviour
● flex CS users: young, above average level of education, live in
cities, affinity for ICT systems
● modal split – flex CS users…
‒ are more multimodal in their travel behaviour than average
‒ often combine flex CS with public transport
● general trend: increasing number of young adults without own
car
● car-sharing reacts to that trend by facilitating urban mobility for
young generation without own car
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016

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www.oeko.de
share – trip purpose – flex CS
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016
13%
5%
18%
38%
6%
19%
2%
Zur Arbeit/Ausbildung
Dienstlich/geschäftlich
Einkauf/Erledigungen
Freizeit
Jemanden holen/bringen
Nach Hause
Sonstiges
work / education
business trip
shopping / personal business
leisure
escort
back home
other

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www.oeko.de
share – use of electric and conventional flex CS
● users describe car-sharing use as fun, comfortable, time-
saving, but expensive and uncertain due to limited number of
vehicles
● EVs are perceived as equally flexible and useful as
conventional vehicles in flex CS
● users perceive EVs as more environmentally friendly
compared to conventional vehicles in flex CS
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016

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www.oeko.de
Towards 100% electric and multimodal transport
Lukas Minnich
Schicklerstr. 5-7
Resources & Transport
l.minnich@oeko.de
Researcher
D-10179 Berlin
Öko-Institut e.V.
+49 30 405085 312
● Climate and air quality goals require solutions for road transport
● Innovative, enthusiastic users can be convinced to…
‒ switch from conventional cars to EVs
‒ switch from private car use to a multimodal mix including car-sharing
… and their perspective is generally positive about flex CS and EVs
● The broad majority needs to experience concrete advantages in
every-day use
● financial support and expansion of infrastructures only is probably
not sufficient, additional measures are required
Changing drivetrain and behaviour│Lukas Minnich│Hamburg│28.09.2016