The gingival tissue is defended by the gingival epithelium, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva. The gingival epithelium forms a protective barrier through keratinization. The gingival crevicular fluid is an inflammatory exudate that contains leukocytes, electrolytes, proteins, enzymes, and antibodies to help fight bacteria. Saliva maintains pH levels and contains antibacterial factors like lysozymes and antibodies to further aid the defense of gingival tissue.