This presentation is a continuation of UTI - Part I and Part II. It discusses Novel drugs from plants approved by German Commission E. for Urinary Tract Infections.

1. Novel drugs from Plants
approved by
German Commission E.
for UTI
(UTI – III)
- Ref: Bluementhal et. al. (1998)
Presented by
Dr. Sudhakar Kokate
Director PPRC, India

2. Angelica archangelica – Fruit
Asparagus officinalis – Rhizome root
Phaseolus vulgaris – Bean pod
Taraxacum officinale
Armoracia rusticana
Orthosiphon spicatus
Levisticum officinale

3. Angelica archangelica

4. Asparagus officinalis

5. Phaseolus vulgaris

6. Taraxacum officinale

7. Armoracia rusticana

8. Orthosiphon spicatus

9. Levisticum officinale

10. Tropaeolum majus
Santalum album – Sandalwood
Ononis spinosa
Agropyron repens
…. Above phyto drugs are approved by
German Commission E. for UTI
Ref: (Blumenthal et. al. 1998)

11. Tropaeolum majus

12. Santalum album

13. Ononis spinosa

14. Agropyron repens

15. Botanicals
with
anti-nephrotoxic activity

16. Rheum palmatum

17. Rheum palmatum
(Chinese rhubarb)
Used for treatment of chronic renal failure in ancient times
Active compounds: tannins
Tannins reduce levels of uremic toxins and to improve
glomercular filtration and blood flow to the kidneys
(Yokozawa et. al. 1991)

18. In rats with diabetic nephropathy showed that this extract
speeded nitrogen excretion and alleviated hyper lipidemia
(Yokozawa et. al. 1997)
Several clinical trials in China
Rheum palmatum
(Chinese rhubarb)

19. Findings – effect on symptoms blood urea nitrogen serum
creatinine levels in chronic renal failure patients
(Yarnell E. 2000)
Rheum palmatum
(Chinese rhubarb)

20. Lespedeza capitata

21. Lespedeza capitata
Chemicals:
 Flavonoids
 Procyanidins
 Pentacosane
n-hexacosane
 n-hentriacontane
 n-tritriacontane

22. Lespedeza capitata
Preliminary clinical trials in patients with renal failure of
various types suggest that extracts reduce azotemia uremia
and cholesterol
Procyanidins inhibited angiotension: converting enzyme
(Wagner & Elbl. 1992)
Phytoingredients to relieve the symptoms of benign
prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

23.  Phytosterols
 Terpenoids
 Lectins
 Plant oils
 Phytoestrogens
 Flavonoids
 Polysaccharides
 Aliphatic alcohols
 Fatty acids
(Lowe et. al. 1998)

24. Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata

25. Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata
(Saw palmetto) fruit
Used in the treatment of genitourinary tract disturbances
since 1899
It increases the function of the testicles and relieves
irritation in mucous membranes of genitourinary tract and
prostate (D’elos et. al. 1994)

26. Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata
(Saw palmetto) fruit
Compounds: Carpic, Captylic, Lauric, Cis-linoleic, Myristic,
Palmitic and Stearic acid
Steroids: Beta-sitosterol, Campestrol, Cycloartenol, Lupeol,
Lupenone, Stigmasterol

27. Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata
(Saw palmetto) fruit
Aliphatic alcohols, polyprenic compounds (Arabinose,
flavonoids, galactose, uronic acid, antranilic acid,
carotenes, lipase and tannins
(Van Coppenolle et. al. 2000)

28. Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata
(Saw palmetto) fruit
Liposterolic extract of Serenoa repens showed:
 Anti-androgenic
 Anti-estrogenic
 Anti-inflammatory effects
(Lowe & Fagelman 1999)

29. Pygeum africanum

30. Pygeum africanum
Bark extract (Tadenan®) is widely used in France and
throughout Europe
Other formulations like prostate are available in health
food and nutrition shops in US (Lowe and Fagelman 1999)

31. Pygeum africanum
Bark contains waxes, triterpenes, fatty acids and their
esters and ferulic acid
Known to be anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous (Miller
1996)

32. Effects of Pygeum extracts
Reduction in Nocturia
Improve peak flow rate
Decrease residual urine and symptoms
Inhibit androgen stimulation

33. Effects of Pygeum extracts
Suppresses prostatic growth factors
Inflammation & cholesterol accumulation (McClure 2002)

34. Urtica dioica

35. Urtica dioica
Root extracts widely used in Germany 16 different
preparations available
Major components:
 Phenols
 Lignans
 Sterols
 Polysaccharides
 Lectins
 Triterpene acids

36. Utrica dioica
Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase and aromatase activity
(McQueen & Shields 2001)
Extracts evaluated numerous multi-center open label and
double-blind studies
Significant improvement in peak flow rate & residual
urinary volumes (Wagner et. al. 1994)

37. Curcubita pepo

38. Curcubita pepo
Pumpkin seed oil for treating BPH kidney inflammation
since 19th century
Extracts have anti-androgenic, anti-inflammatory effects
(Steenkamp 2003)
Chemical: Phytosterols, Selen, Magnesium, Carotenoid

39. Hypoxis rooperi

40. Hypoxis rooperi
(Harzol®) – extract of African star grass used in Germany
Product contain > 70% Beta sitosterol dry weight (Lowe
et. al. 1998)
Effects: anti-inflammatory, stimulating
Improved peak flow rate, residual urine volume (Dreikorn
2002)

41. Secale cereale

42. Secale cereale
(Cernilton®) Rye grass pollen reported to be effective in
symptoms of BPH
Experimental studies suggest that the product contains:
anti-inflammatory, inhibiting 5-ɑ-reductase activity

43. Secale cereale
No significant adverse effect
It lowers urethral pressure, relax external muscles,
decrease swelling in prostate

44. Opuntia ficus-indica

45. Opuntia ficus-indica
Cactus flower extract for treatment of Prostatic
hypertrophy
…. British Herbal pharmacopoeia
Anti-oxidant activity
Inhibits reductase, aromatase activity (Jonas et. al. 1998)

46. Epilobium sp.

47. Epilobium sp.
Historically used to treat prostate disorders, cancer,
hypertrophy, prostatis, gastro-intestinal disorders
Active compound – Oenotheis B

48. Lepidium latifolium

49. Lepidium latifolium
This plant used as anti-escrobte stomach tonic, aperitif
and diuretic
Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant
Steroid activity and inhibition of aromatase due to
presence of flavonoids
(Martinez caballero et. al. 2004)

50. Botanical derivatives
for
Prostate cancer

51. Camellia sinensis

52. Camellia sinensis (Green tea)
Effective compound: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (Eaca)
Prevent the initiation, promotion and progression of
Prostate cancer

53. Camellia sinensis (Green tea)
Inhibit cell proliferation, decrease contact of carcinogenic
with cells, blocking cancer initiation, slowing cancer
progression
Prevent DNA strand breaks (Liao et. al. 1995, Ahmad 1997)

54. Silybum marianum

55. Silybum marianum (Milk thistle)
Seeds contain Silymarin inhibit prostate tumour growth in
animal models
In lab, Silibinin prevents cancer initiation, promotion,
progression by altering signalling mols. & adaptor factor
receptor (Zi et. al. 1998)

56. Curcuma longa

57. Curcuma longa
“Curcumin” major active anti-oxidant component
Effects: Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth
Induction of apoptosis (McClure 2002)

58. Allium sativum

59. Allium sativum
Garlic diminishes LNcap cell growth on human prostate
carcinoma (Pinto et. al. 1997)
Active compound: S-allylmercaptocysteine
Decrease prostate: specific antigen (PSA)
Secretions & decreasing trophic effects (Steenkamp 2003)

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