1. PLS-SEM Analysis on Effects of Depression, Anxiety
AND Stress on Lecturers Research Performance During
Covid-19 Lockdown in Nigeria
by
AHMED ALIYU PALLADAN,
ELMAUDE JIBRIL GAMBO
RHODA SARKI AWAK

2. INTRODUCTION
COVID-19 HAS WRECKED GLOBAL
BUT SIGNIFICANT HAVOC AND
DISTRESS ON VIRTUALLY ALL
ASPECT OF HUMAN ENDEAVOR
RANGING FROM SOCIAL,
POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL TO
RELIGIOUS, CULTURAL AND EVEN
FAMILY BOUND. APART FROM THE
EVIDENT PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS IN
INFECTED CASES, IT HAS CAUSED
SERIOUS DAMAGES TO ACADEMIC
ACTIVITIES WHICH BY EXTENSION
SEVERELY AFFECTED LECTURERS'
PERFORMANCE.

3. INTRODUCTION
(CONT.)
THE CURRENT STUDY IS
AN ATTEMPT TO EXPLORE
THE EFFECTS OF
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY
AND STRESS ON
TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
LECTURER’S RESEARCH
PERFORMANCE IN NORTH
EASTERN NIGERIA
DURING THE LOCKDOWN.

4. THE RESEARCH
MODEL
STRESS
ANXIETY
DEPRESSION
RESEARCH
PERFORMANCE

5. MATERIAL AND
METHODS
POPULATION: THE POPULATION OF THE STUDY
CONSTITUTE THE ENTIRE ACADEMIC STAFF
FROM SELECTED PUBLIC TERTIARY
INSTITUTIONS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA.
SAMPLING: THE STUDY ADOPTED THE
SNOWBALL SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
MEANS OF DATA COLLECTION: AN ONLINE
QUESTIONNAIRE WAS DESIGNED USING
GOOGLE FORMS. BY MEANS OF WHATSAPP
AND TELEGRAPH, THE QUESTIONNAIRE LINK
WAS SENT TO PROSPECTIVE ACADEMIC
STAFF IN SEVERAL TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
LOCATED IN THE NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
GEOPOLITICAL ZONE.

6. MATERIAL AND
METHODS
(CONT.)
MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCT: FOR STRESS TEN (10)
ITEMS WERE ADAPTED FROM THE WORK OF
FLIEGE, ET AL. (2005) AND EIGHT (8) ITEMS
FROM KROENKE, SPITZ. MORE SO, THE
CONSTRUCT OF ANXIETY WAS MEASURED
USING SEVEN (7) QUESTIONS FROM THE
WORK OF PIZZIE AND KRAEMER, (2019).
QUESTIONS WERE TAKEN FROM ROEBUCK,
SIHA AND BELL, (2013) TO MEASURE
DEPRESSION. NINE (9) ITEMS FROM CENTRA,
(1977) WERE ALSO USED TO MEASURE
LECTURERS RESEARCH PERFORMANCE.
SCALE: ALL THE CONSTRUCTS ARE MEASURED
USING SIX LIKERT SCALE
METHOD OF ANALYSIS: PLS SEM 3 WAS USED FOR
DATA ANALYSIS AND HYPOTHESIS TESTING

7. RESULTS FOR
MESUREMENT
MODEL

8. MEASUREMENT
MODEL (cont.)
Discriminant Validity of Constructs Table
Variables Anxiety Depression
Research
Performance Stress
Anxiety 0.785
Depression 0.548 0.755
Research Performance -0.541 -0.324 0.732
Stress 0.541 0.670 -0.399 0.669

9. RESULTS FOR
STRUCTURAL
MODEL
Loadings, AVE, CR, Cronbach’s α Table
Variables Items Loadings AVE CR Cronbach’s α
Anxiety AN1 0.778 0.617 0.889 0.845
AN2 0.817
AN3 0.827
AN4 0.815
AN5 0.680
Depression DP2 0.751 0.571 0.888 0.851
DP3 0.720
DP4 0.783
DP6 0.790
DP7 0.729
DP8 0.756
Stress ST1 0.676 0.448 0.889 0.863
ST10 0.673
ST2 0.684
ST3 0.609
ST4 0.684
ST5 0.809
ST6 0.558
ST7 0.678
ST8 0.600
ST9 0.692
Research Performance RP1 0.870 0.536 0.845 0.774
RP2 0.856
RP3 0.823
RP6 0.508
RP7 0.505

10. RESULT FOR
STRUCTURAL
MODEL (Cont.)

11. HYPOTHESES
TESTING
Table 4: Path Coefficient
Hypotheses Relationship SD
T Statistics
(|O/STDEV|) P Values Decision
Anxiety -> Research Performance 0.094 5.040 0.000 Supported
Depression_ -> Research 0.115 0.495 0.621 Not Supported
Stress -> Research Performance 0.101 1.779 0.076 Not Supported

12. CONCLUSION
THE FINDINGS REVEALED BY THIS PAPER
SHOWS THAT ONLY ONE (I.E ANXIETY) OUT
OF THE THREE VARIABLES PROPOSED BY
THE RESEARCHER (ANXIETY, DEPRESSION
AND STRESS) WAS FOUND TO AFFECT
RESEARCH PERFORMANCE OF LECTURERS IN
TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS SITUATED IN THE
NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA GEOPOLITICAL
ZONE. THUS, THE STUDY PROPOSE FOR
INTRODUCTION OF POLICIES THAT CAN
CURTAIL THE IMPACT OF ANXIETY AMONG
ACADEMIC STAFF ESPECIALLY DURING
FUTURE LOCKDOWN IN CASE IT HAPPENS
AGAIN. THIS COULD BE BY INTENSIFYING
ACCESS AND USAGE OF INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY BY THE
ACADEMIC STAFF.

13. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING