This presentation is an introduction to machine vision, describing uses and components.

1. Part 1 in a Series:
General Overview
© 2014, Pete Kepf, All Rights Reserved
Pete Kepf, CVP
www.kepf.me

2. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Overview
 Technical
 Lighting
 Lenses
 Software Tools
 Business
 Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
 Risk Assessment
 Vendor Selection

3. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Machine Vision is the use of a computer to
acquire visual information and/or extract
image information for purposes of data storage
or automatic decision making.

4. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Top Five Industrial Users*
1. Semiconductors
2. Wood
3. Electronics
4. Transportation
5. Pharma/ Medical Device
* Source Automated
Imaging Association

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 Motion/ Robot Guidance
 Defect/ Flaw Detection
 Inspection/ Grading/ Sorting
 Identification/ Verification
 Data Acquisition
 Measurement/ Gauging

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Motion
Flaw
Identification
Sort
Data Acquisition
Measurement

7. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Vision Components
 Lens
 Camera
 Processor
 Input/ Output
Peripherals
 Lighting
 Frame/ Enclosure
 Controls/ Software
 Part Handling/
Reject/ Sorter

8. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Components
 Cameras, Frame Grabbers, Computers, Boards,
Peripherals
 Lens, Lighting, Sensors, Framing, Valves,
Motion
Solutions
 Value Added Distributors, Systems Integrators,
Machine Builders

9. Pete Kepf, CVP
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1. Find a Trusted Source (Vendor, AIA, Search)
2. Define the Requirements
3. Research the Technology
4. Refine the Requirements
5. Professionally evaluate the requirements
6. Obtain Budget/ Price/ Performance Data
7. Perform Risk Assessment
8. Select Vendor

10. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Lighting
 Light Sources and Frequencies
 Lighting Sources and Angles
 Lenses
 Common Types of Machine Vision Lenses
 Security/ vs. Machine Vision Lenses
 Cameras
 GigE
 USB
 Software Tools
 Image Processing
 Image Pre-processing

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 Line Light
 Back Light
 Diffuse/ Work Envelope Light
 Diffuse Dome Light
 Pattern Projector
 Front (Spot) Light
 Axial Light
 Ring Light
 Off Axis Ring Light

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Useful for:
• Line Scan
• Linear Parts
• Structured
Light

13. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Gauging
• Measurement

14. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Robot Work
Cells
• Top Light
Assembly
• Reflective
Parts

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Useful for:
• Highly Reflective
Parts

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Useful for:
• Structured
Light
• Height
Derivation

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Useful for:
• Small Parts
• Structured Light

18. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Highly
Reflective
Parts
• Surface
Defects

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Useful for:
• General-purpose

20. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Surface Defects
• Reflective Parts

21. Pete Kepf, CVP
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(Previous: Halogen- Fluorescent- Xenon;
Now: LED)
Source: www.thermalcamerarentals.com

22. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Types of Lenses
 Terms:
 Working Distance (WD): Distance
from the end of the lens to the
part to be inspected.
 Field of View (FOV): Image area
that contains the area of the part
to be inspected.

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Function
 Macro
 Telecentric
 Large-format (“Line Scan”)
Size
 C-Mount
 CS-Mount
 F-Mount

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Useful for:
• WD: 73-527mm
• Low Distortion
• Vibration
Resistance
• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”

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Vibration ResistantLow Distortion

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Useful for:
• WD: 40-340mm
• Extremely Low
Distortion
• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”

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• Ideal for Coaxial lighting
• Eliminate Perspective Error
• Accurate 3D Measurement

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 Today’s sensors (4-9 Megapixels) are often 1”

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 CS Mount: 12.5mm flange back distance
 C-Mount: 17.526mm flange back distance
 Thread size identical
 Can use C-mount lens on CS camera with 5mm
extension
 Can NOT use CS lens on C-mount camera
 F-Mount used when:
 Sensor size > 4/3”
 Additional spece required between lens flange and
image sensor

30. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
 “Sensor”, “System”, “Smart Camera”
 “Turn-key”, “Assisted Installation”
 Risk Assessment
 Problem Definition
 Solution Verification
 Vendor Selection
 Knowledge Base
 Resources