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Chemical reaction between metals and water/acid
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Jacques Zeefenbergen
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Explaining some of the reactions between metals/water and metals/acid (high school science)
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Chemical reaction between metals and water/acid
1.
Jacques Zeefenbergen ©
2012
2.
Some metals react
very quickly and easy with acids. Normally, “light” metals react vigorously with acids. However, some metals react slower with acids. The heavier a metal gets, the slower and more difficult the reaction eg. Light metals Na, K, Ca eg. Heavier metals Mg, Al, Zn, Pb2012 Jacques Zeefenbergen ©
3.
Diluted acid is
acid mixed with a bit of water (to make the solution weaker). The acid will be in the aqueous state. eg. HCl(aq) Concentrated acid is strong and pure. It is NOT mixed with water eg. HCl(l) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
4.
Most reactions between
metals and diluted acids are SINGLE REPLACEMENT reactions (a metal will replace the hydrogen of the acid). During the reaction, hydrogen gas is released as a product. H2 (g) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
5.
Examples of reaction
between metals and acids: Ca(s) + 2 HCl (aq) CaCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) 2 Al + 6 HNO3 (aq) 2 Al(NO3)3 (aq) + 3 H2 (g) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
6.
Most reactions between
metals and concentrated acids are a combination of SINGLE REPLACEMENT and DECOMPOSITION reactions (a metal will replace the hydrogen of the acid AND some nitrate will decompose) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
7.
Reaction between metals
and concentrated acids acids: Cu(s) + 4 HNO3 (l) Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
8.
Jacques Zeefenbergen ©
2012
9.
Some metals react
very quickly and easy with water. Normally, “light” metals react vigorously with water. However, some metals react slower with water. The heavier a metal gets, the slower and more difficult the reaction. Water can have more energy if it heats up. The more energy water has, the better the reaction © 2012 Jacques Zeefenbergen
10.
Examples of reaction
between metals and cold water: 2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) So, metals + cold water (H2O (l)) give hydroxide and hydrogen gas (H2 (g)) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
11.
Examples of reaction
between metals and steam: Mg (s) + H2O (g) MgO (s) + H2 (g) So, metals + steam(H2O (g)) give a metal oxide and hydrogen gas (H2 (g)) Jacques Zeefenbergen © 2012
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