A
Major Project Presentation on
Landslide Monitoring Through
Drones
Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology & Management
Lucknow (U.P)
By : Jai Krishna
University Roll No : 1705431023

Abstract
A drone or quadcopter can achieve vertical flight in a stable manner and be used to
monitor or collect data where human intervention is not possible. Technological
advances have reduced the cost and increase the performance of the low power
microcontrollers that allowed the general public to develop their own quadcopter. The
goal of this project is to build quadcopter and to monitor landslides prone areas & to
obtain aerial images, gather and store GPS data, and perform landslide monitoring task
using Image Processing.

Content
● Introduction
● Major Modules
● Drone Components
● Block diagram of Quadcopter
● Working Theory of Quadcopter
● Working Principle- Motor Rotation
● Quadcopter Layout
● Image Processing
● Image Processing-MATLAB Toolbox
● Features of MATLAB Toolbox
● Alternatives to MATLAB

Introduction
A Drone or Quadcopter is a Vehicles have large potential for performing tasks that are
dangerous or very costly for humans. Examples are the inspection of high structures,
humanitarian purposes or search-and-rescue missions. One specific type of Drone is
becoming increasingly more popular lately: the quadcopter. When visiting large events or
parties, professional quadcopters can be seen that are used to capture video for
promotional or surveillance purposes.
A helicopter is a flying vehicle which uses rapidly spinning rotors to push air
downwards,thus creating a thrust force keeping the helicopter aloft. Conventional
helicopters have two rotors. These can be arranged as two coplanar rotors both providing
upwards thrust, but spinning in opposite directions (in order to balance the torques
exerted upon the body of the helicopter).

Major Modules
● Drone
● Flight control
● GPS route tracking/mapping
● Image Processing

Drone Components
● Brushless Motors
● ESC’s
● Flight controller
● Servo motors
● Propellers
● Radio Transmitter & Receiver
● Battery & Charger
● Raspberry Pi
● Pi Camera
● GPS
● Sensors

Block Diagram of Quadcopter

Working Theory of Quadcopter
Quadcopter uses four propellers,each controlled
by its own motor and ESC’s.
For Hovering:
– SUM(Fi) > m*g ---> climb
– SUM(Fi) = m*g ---> hover
– SUM(Fi) < m*g ---> decline

Working Principle - Motor Rotation

Quadcopter Layout

Image Processing
● Image Processing is processing of images using mathematical operations by using
any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, a series of images, or
a video, and the output of image processing may be either an image or a set of
characteristics or parameters related to the image.
● Image processing usually refers to digital image processing, but optical and analog
image processing also are possible.
● Closely related to image processing are computer graphics and computer vision. In
computer graphics, images are manually made from physical models of objects
instead of being acquired via imaging devices. Computer vision is considered high-
level image processing out of which a machine/computer/software intends to
decipher the physical contents of an image or a sequence of images.

Image Processing - MATLAB Toolbox
Image Processing Toolbox provides a comprehensive set of reference-standard algorithms
and workflow apps for image processing, analysis, visualization, and algorithm development.
Post processing and analysis of both the video and physiological recordings are done using
custom software written in MATLAB (The MathWorks, Inc.)

Features of MATLAB Toolbox
● Image Processing Toolbox supports a diverse set of image types.
● Image segmentation.
● Image enhancement .
● Noise reduction.
● Geometric transformations.
● Visualization functions and apps let you explore images and videos, examine a
region of pixels, adjust color and contrast, create contours or histograms.

Alternatives to MATLAB
● Mathematica
● GNU Octave
● Scilab
● Scipy & NumPy

THANK YOU!!!