nephrotic syndrome is characterized by hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, edema & hyperlipidemia. It is frequently found in children but also not uncommon in adults

1. LAB DIAGNOSIS OF NEPHROTIC SYNDROME MODERATOR : DR SANJEEV NARANG SPEAKER : DR RAVI JAIN

5. Table 2 CAUSES OF THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

8. HEAVY PROTEINURIA Figure 3.

9. Figure 4.

11. Figure 1. Nephrotic edema.

12. Figure 2. Nephrotic edema.

17. Difference between glomerular and Tubular proteinuria Glomerular Tubular Due to injury of Renal glomerulus Due to Injury Involving Tubulointerstitial region Comprises predominantly albumin Comprises low molecular wt protein (  2 microglobilin Protein excretion >3 – 3.5 gm/dl < 2 gm/dl. Urinary protein electrophoresis More albumin than globulin More globulin Albumin  micro globulin ratio > 1000 : 1 100:1 (N – 50-200:1) Cause - G lomerulonephritis - - Hypertension - Lipoid Nephrosis - - Pyelonephritis - - Interstitial Nephritis - Rejection of kidney allograft

19. Precipitation method Urine Protein: SSA

20. Chemical Tests on Urine: (Reagent Strip/Dipstick Analysis): Procedure

22. Chemical Examination – Dipstick Analysis Colour Chart

48. NORMAL LEVELS S.No lipid level 1 TOTAL LIPIDS 400-800 MG/DL 2 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL 150-250 MG/DL 3 TRIGLYCERIDES 10-90 MG/DL 4 PHOSPHOLIPIDS 150-380 MG/DL 5 FREE FATTY ACIDS 9.0-15.0 MMOL/L 6 PHOSPHOLIPID PHOSPHORUS 8.0-11.0 MG/DL

70. TYPE-II MPGN Vs NORMAL