nasals m.n.ñ

1. *
PHONOLOGY
NASALS
RICARDO GUTIERREZ
5TH SEMESTER

2. *

3. * In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal
occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal
fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive
consonant produced with a lowered
velum, allowing air to escape freely through
the nose.
*

5. * Nasals are consonants that are formed by
blocking the oral passage and allowing the air
to escape through the nose. Present-Day
English has three nasals, all of which are
voiced (vocal cords vibrating during the
articulation of the nasal).
* (The nasals, the lateral /l/, the retroflex
/r/, and the semivowels /w/ and /j/ are
sometimes called the resonants.)

6. * 1. /m/ (the phoneme spelled m in mail):
(voiced) bilabial nasal.
* 2. /n/ (the phoneme spelled n in nail):
(voiced) alveolar nasal.
* 3. /h/ (the phoneme spelled ng in sing):
(voiced) velar nasal.
*

7. *

8. Spanish Spanish Spanish English English English
/m/ /n/ /ñ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/
Voiced Voiced Voiced Voiced Voiced Voiced Voicing
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Bilabial Alveolar Velar Place
Nasal Nasal Nasal Nasal Nasal Nasal Manner
/m/ /n/ /ñ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/
Mata Nata Ñata Mat Nat Initial
Moción Noción Ñoclo Motion Notion ------ position
Maque Naque Ñopa Mack Nap ------
mapa Napa Ñudo Map Nude
Sima Sina Siña Simmer Sinner Singer Medial
Timo Tino Tiño Teems Teens Stings position
Amo Ana año hammed hand hanged
----- Tan ----- Tam Tan Tang Final nasal
----- Son ----- Some Run Sung phoneme
----- Ron ----- Rum sun rung

9. * DISCUSSION in both languages, whenever a nasal is followed by
another consonant, it assumes the place of articulation of the
following consonant.
* Example in Spanish the article spelled un may have five different
pronunciation, depending on the following contrast
* Un beso [um] bilabial + bilabial
* Un día [un] dental + dental
* Un señor [un] alveolar + alveolar
* Un chico [uñ] palatal + palatal
* Un gato [uŋ] velar + velar

10. * ASSIMILATION
* In English is the same assimilation
* Impossible [mp] bilabial + bilabial
* Indirect [nd] alveolar + alveolar
* Incorrect [ŋk] velar + velar

11. * The sound [ŋ] occurs in Spanish as an allophone of /n/ before
velar consonants /k/, /g/and /h/ as in the word:
aunque, tango, monja
* Words borrowed fron the other language with final m
spelling, such as ítem, álbum. Usually to spanish patterns, being
pronunced /íten/, /álbun/

12. *

13. SPANISH ENGLISH
Miembro /my/ Mute Initial position;
Muerte /mw/ ----- nasal followed by a
Nieto /ny/ News consonant
nueve /nw/ -----
/mp/ Limp
/mt/ Dreamt
/mf/ Lymph Final position; nasal
/mps/ Bumps followed by
/mpt/ Bumped voiceless
/mfs/ Nymphs consonants
/mpst/ Glimpsed
/mpts/ Tempts
/nt/ Hint
/nƟ/ Tenth
/ns/ Prince
/nč/ Bunch
/nts/ Pants
/nƟs/ Months
/nst/ danced

14. SPANISH ENGLISH
/nčt/ Flinched
/ŋk/ Rink
/ŋks/ Thanks Final position; nasal
/ŋkt/ Thanked followed by
/ŋkƟ/ Lenght voiceless
/ŋkst/ Jinxed consonants
/ŋkƟs/ strengths
/md/ Blamed
/mz/ Blames
/nd/ Fanned Final position; nasal
/nz/ Fans followed by voiced
/nĵ/ Lounge consonant
/ndz/ Winds
/nĵd/ Fringed
/ŋd/ Banged
/ŋz/ Bangs

15. * HOMOPHONES
* /dᴂm dam, damn
/
* /hIm/ him, hymn
* /plƏn/ plum, plumb
* /nat/ not, knot
* /nuw/ new, knew
* CROSS-LANGUAGE PAIRS
* m vs mm /m/: comentar comment
* m vs gm /m/: flema, phlegm
* n vs nn /n/: inocente, innocent
* n vs pn /n/: neumonia, pneumonia