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©	
  2015,	
  Right	
  IT	
  Services.	
  rights	
  reserved	
  All	
  
Surveys	
  and	
  Pools	
  Techniques
Thursday,	
  05	
  November	
  2015
Questionnaire	
  Process
2
A	
  questionnaire	
  is	
  a	
  research	
  technique	
  that	
  is	
  used	
  to	
  collect	
  information	
  from	
  a	
  certain	
  sample	
  by	
  administering	
  a	
  survey,	
  
and	
  then	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  transform	
  data	
  direct	
  information	
  communicated	
  by	
  respondents.	
  Quizzes	
  can	
  have	
  several	
  types	
  of	
  
objectives.
There	
  are	
  several	
  ways	
  to	
  manage	
  an	
  investigation	
  such	
  as	
  phone,	
  email,	
  online	
  surveys,	
  personal	
  inquiry	
  at	
  home	
  or	
  Inquiry	
  
by	
  interception	
  of	
  respondents
The	
  most	
  frequent	
  types	
  of	
  questionnaires	
  are	
  three:
Open-­‐Ended	
  Questions,	
  where	
  the	
  issues	
  are	
  indirect,	
  it	
  is	
  less	
  obvious	
  that	
  certain	
  segment	
  information	
  requested	
  in	
  this	
  
question,	
  which	
  leads	
  researchers	
  to	
  greater	
  difficulty	
  in	
  processing	
  the	
  data.	
  Not	
  so	
  good	
  to	
  take	
  conclusions.	
  
Closed-­‐Ended	
  Questions,	
  where	
  the	
  questions	
  are	
  direct,	
  so	
  the	
  issues	
  are	
  more	
  obvious	
  what	
  will	
  help	
  the	
  processing	
  of	
  
data	
  by	
  the	
  researcher.	
  The	
  best	
  to	
  analyze.
Mixed	
  Questions,	
  which	
  in	
  its	
  construction	
  has	
  direct	
  questions,	
  and	
  indirect	
  questions,	
  or	
  answer	
  key	
  questions	
  that	
  this	
  
latter	
  type	
  of	
  question	
  the	
  decision	
  to	
  respond	
  or	
  not	
  depends	
  on	
  the	
  answer	
  to	
  the	
  previous	
  question.	
  The	
  most	
  complete	
  
analyze and	
  conclusions.	
  
Introduction
Surveys	
  and	
  Polls	
  Techniques	
  (Questionnaire	
  Process)
3
1) The Objective,
2) The Study Area,	
  
3) The Finality.	
  
Before	
  start	
  the	
  survey	
  is	
  very	
  important	
  to	
  decide	
  the	
  objective	
  of	
  them,	
  after	
  you	
  need	
  define	
  the	
  study	
  area	
  or	
  population
that	
  should	
  be	
  reporting	
  and	
  at	
  the	
  end	
  the	
  finality,	
  it	
  means,	
  what	
  is	
  the	
  assumption?	
  Because	
  the	
  same	
  question	
  can	
  be	
  
interpreted	
  by	
  different	
  ways.
Example:
The	
  favorite	
  cakes	
  of	
  British	
  people,	
  can	
  be	
  different	
  goals	
  (finality)	
  for	
  a	
  international	
  competition	
  or	
  a	
  restaurant	
  menu.
This	
  three	
  things	
  should	
  be	
  very	
  well	
  defined before	
  you	
  build	
  the	
  questionnaire.	
  
What	
  is	
  the	
  most	
  important	
  things	
  in	
  a	
  survey?	
  
Surveys	
  and	
  Polls	
  Techniques	
  (Questionnaire	
  Process)
4
The	
  quantitative	
  values	
  of	
  a	
  variable	
  are	
  represented	
  by	
  numbers.	
  The	
  Quantitative	
  variables	
  can	
  be	
  discrete	
  or	
  continuous.	
  
A	
  variable	
  is	
  said	
  discreet	
  when	
  their	
  values	
  can	
  be	
  related	
  by	
  a	
  two-­‐way	
  matching	
  with	
  a	
  subset	
  of	
  integers.	
  A	
  variable	
  is	
  said
to	
  be	
  continuous	
  if	
  their	
  values	
  can	
  be	
  related	
  by	
  a	
  two-­‐way	
  matching	
  with	
  real	
  numbers	
  intervals.	
  Like	
  This,	
  discrete	
  
variables	
  take	
  integer	
  values	
  and	
  continuous	
  variables	
  assume	
  actual	
  values.
The	
  possible	
  values	
  of	
  a	
  qualitative	
  variable	
  are	
  qualities	
  or	
  symbols.	
  The	
  relationship	
  between	
  these	
  values	
  only	
  makes	
  
sense	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  equality	
  and	
  inequality.	
  The	
  qualitative	
  variables	
  (describe	
  types	
  or	
  classes)	
  can	
  be:	
  dichotomous	
  (only	
  two	
  
categories)	
  or	
  polyatomic	
  (three	
  or	
  more	
  categories).
Typology	
  of	
  variables
Surveys	
  and	
  Polls	
  Techniques	
  (Questionnaire	
  Process)
5
The	
  nominal	
  scales	
  are	
  merely	
  classifications,	
  allowing	
  describe	
  the	
  variables	
  or	
  designate	
  the	
  subject,	
  without	
  recourse	
  to	
  
quantification.	
  It	
  is	
  the	
  most	
  elementary	
  level	
  representation,	
  based	
  on	
  the	
  grouping	
  and	
  classification	
  elements	
  for	
  the	
  
formation	
  of	
  distinct	
  sets.	
  Example:	
  Marital	
  status,	
  hobbies,	
  hair	
  color,	
  etc.	
  
In	
  ordinal	
  scale	
  the	
  variable	
  used	
  to	
  measure	
  a	
  particular	
  characteristic,	
  beyond	
  to	
  identify	
  the	
  relevance	
  to	
  a	
  class,	
  also	
  
assumes	
  that	
  the	
  different	
  classes	
  are	
  ordered	
  under	
  certain	
  criteria.	
  Each	
  observation	
  is	
  the	
  association	
  of	
  the	
  individual	
  
measured	
  at	
  a	
  given	
  class,	
  without,	
  however,	
  to	
  quantify	
  the	
  magnitude	
  of	
  the	
  difference	
  from	
  other	
  individuals.	
  Example:	
  
Role,	
  type	
  of	
  degree,	
  height,	
  	
  etc.	
  
The	
  interval	
  scale is	
  a	
  quantitative	
  way	
  to	
  record	
  a	
  phenomenon	
   by	
  measuring	
  the	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  its	
  specific	
  intensity,	
  namely	
  
positioning	
  it	
  relative	
  to	
  a	
  value	
  known	
  arbitrarily	
  termed	
  as	
  zero.	
  This	
  measurement	
  is	
  performed	
  being	
  defined	
  the	
  unit	
  of	
  
measurement	
  to	
  be	
  used	
  in	
  this	
  comparison	
  from	
  the	
  difference	
  between	
  the	
  value	
  in	
  zero	
  point	
  and	
  a	
  second	
  known	
  value.	
  A	
  
basic	
  property	
  of	
  interval	
  scale,	
  derived	
  from	
  the	
  way	
  it	
  is	
  set,	
  is	
  that	
  equal	
  variations	
  in	
  the	
  measurements	
  interval,	
  
correspond	
  necessarily	
  to	
  the	
  same	
  variations	
  in	
  the	
  values	
  assumes	
  the	
  variable.	
  Example:	
  Temperature	
  scale.	
  
The	
  ratio	
  scale	
  is	
  the	
  most	
  complete	
  and	
  sophisticated	
  scales.	
  She	
  is	
  a	
  quantification	
  produced	
  from	
  the	
  identification	
  of	
  a	
  
zero	
  point	
  that	
  is	
  fixed	
  and	
  absolute,	
  representing,	
  in	
  fact,	
  a	
  minimum	
  point.	
  On	
  this	
  scale,	
  a	
  measurement	
  unit	
  is	
  defined	
  in	
  
terms	
  of	
  the	
  difference	
  between	
  the	
  zero	
  point	
  and	
  a	
  known	
  intensity.	
  From	
  this,	
  each	
  observation	
  is	
  measured	
  according	
  to	
  
their	
  distance	
  to	
  the	
  zero	
  point,	
  this	
  distance	
  expressed	
  in	
  previously	
  defined	
  unit	
  of	
  measure.	
  Example:	
  Customer	
  care	
  
satisfaction.	
  
Types	
  of	
  Scales	
  
Surveys	
  and	
  Polls	
  Techniques	
  (Questionnaire	
  Process)
6
The	
  ratio	
  scale	
  is	
  the	
  one	
  that	
  have	
  more	
  information,	
  but	
  the	
  scale	
  of	
  choice	
  is	
  determined	
  by	
  the	
  nature	
  of	
  the	
  objects	
  or	
  
people	
  being	
  measured.
The	
  above	
  example	
  is	
  a	
  typical	
  error	
  that	
  some	
  people	
  commit	
  when	
  build	
  a	
  questionnaire:
• No	
  Opinion	
  column,	
  if	
  this	
  possibility	
  is	
  regard,	
  you	
  give	
  the	
  survey	
  to	
  the	
  wrong	
  people.
• Five	
  categories	
  of	
  choice,	
  the	
  people	
  have	
  tendency	
  to	
  pull	
  the	
  center,	
  if	
  they	
  aren´t	
  decided	
  between	
  good	
  and	
  bad.	
  
• Number	
  of	
  categories	
  of	
  choice,	
  if	
  you	
  expect	
  the	
  people	
  ask	
  extremely	
  positive	
  or	
  negative	
  you	
  should	
  use	
  more	
  
categories	
  in	
  case	
  to	
  do	
  a	
  better	
  difference	
  between	
  answers.	
  This	
  can	
  help	
  in	
  evaluation	
  scales,	
  where	
  is	
  expect	
  all	
  the	
  
people	
  have	
  similar	
  responses.	
  
How	
  should	
  use	
  scales	
  in	
  a	
  really	
  situation?
Surveys	
  and	
  Polls	
  Techniques	
  (Questionnaire	
  Process)
WHEN	
  YOU	
  HAVE	
  TO	
  DO	
  IT,	
  DO	
  IT	
  RIGHT
©	
  2015,	
  Right	
  IT	
  Services.	
  All	
  rights	
  reserved Rua	
  Odette	
  Saint	
  Maurice	
  |	
  Lote	
  3L	
  |	
  Escritório	
  A	
  	
  |	
  1700-­‐921	
  Lisboa	
  |	
  Portugal	
  	
  |+351	
  218	
  232	
  261	
  |	
  +351	
  215	
  975	
  418
Thursday,	
  05	
  November	
  2015
Pedro	
  Pires |	
  Data	
  Analyst
Surveys	
  and	
  Pools	
  Techniques
Questionnaire	
  Process

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Rits Brown Bag - Surveys and Polls Techniques

  • 1. ©  2015,  Right  IT  Services.  rights  reserved  All   Surveys  and  Pools  Techniques Thursday,  05  November  2015 Questionnaire  Process
  • 2. 2 A  questionnaire  is  a  research  technique  that  is  used  to  collect  information  from  a  certain  sample  by  administering  a  survey,   and  then  be  able  to  transform  data  direct  information  communicated  by  respondents.  Quizzes  can  have  several  types  of   objectives. There  are  several  ways  to  manage  an  investigation  such  as  phone,  email,  online  surveys,  personal  inquiry  at  home  or  Inquiry   by  interception  of  respondents The  most  frequent  types  of  questionnaires  are  three: Open-­‐Ended  Questions,  where  the  issues  are  indirect,  it  is  less  obvious  that  certain  segment  information  requested  in  this   question,  which  leads  researchers  to  greater  difficulty  in  processing  the  data.  Not  so  good  to  take  conclusions.   Closed-­‐Ended  Questions,  where  the  questions  are  direct,  so  the  issues  are  more  obvious  what  will  help  the  processing  of   data  by  the  researcher.  The  best  to  analyze. Mixed  Questions,  which  in  its  construction  has  direct  questions,  and  indirect  questions,  or  answer  key  questions  that  this   latter  type  of  question  the  decision  to  respond  or  not  depends  on  the  answer  to  the  previous  question.  The  most  complete   analyze and  conclusions.   Introduction Surveys  and  Polls  Techniques  (Questionnaire  Process)
  • 3. 3 1) The Objective, 2) The Study Area,   3) The Finality.   Before  start  the  survey  is  very  important  to  decide  the  objective  of  them,  after  you  need  define  the  study  area  or  population that  should  be  reporting  and  at  the  end  the  finality,  it  means,  what  is  the  assumption?  Because  the  same  question  can  be   interpreted  by  different  ways. Example: The  favorite  cakes  of  British  people,  can  be  different  goals  (finality)  for  a  international  competition  or  a  restaurant  menu. This  three  things  should  be  very  well  defined before  you  build  the  questionnaire.   What  is  the  most  important  things  in  a  survey?   Surveys  and  Polls  Techniques  (Questionnaire  Process)
  • 4. 4 The  quantitative  values  of  a  variable  are  represented  by  numbers.  The  Quantitative  variables  can  be  discrete  or  continuous.   A  variable  is  said  discreet  when  their  values  can  be  related  by  a  two-­‐way  matching  with  a  subset  of  integers.  A  variable  is  said to  be  continuous  if  their  values  can  be  related  by  a  two-­‐way  matching  with  real  numbers  intervals.  Like  This,  discrete   variables  take  integer  values  and  continuous  variables  assume  actual  values. The  possible  values  of  a  qualitative  variable  are  qualities  or  symbols.  The  relationship  between  these  values  only  makes   sense  in  terms  of  equality  and  inequality.  The  qualitative  variables  (describe  types  or  classes)  can  be:  dichotomous  (only  two   categories)  or  polyatomic  (three  or  more  categories). Typology  of  variables Surveys  and  Polls  Techniques  (Questionnaire  Process)
  • 5. 5 The  nominal  scales  are  merely  classifications,  allowing  describe  the  variables  or  designate  the  subject,  without  recourse  to   quantification.  It  is  the  most  elementary  level  representation,  based  on  the  grouping  and  classification  elements  for  the   formation  of  distinct  sets.  Example:  Marital  status,  hobbies,  hair  color,  etc.   In  ordinal  scale  the  variable  used  to  measure  a  particular  characteristic,  beyond  to  identify  the  relevance  to  a  class,  also   assumes  that  the  different  classes  are  ordered  under  certain  criteria.  Each  observation  is  the  association  of  the  individual   measured  at  a  given  class,  without,  however,  to  quantify  the  magnitude  of  the  difference  from  other  individuals.  Example:   Role,  type  of  degree,  height,    etc.   The  interval  scale is  a  quantitative  way  to  record  a  phenomenon   by  measuring  the  in  terms  of  its  specific  intensity,  namely   positioning  it  relative  to  a  value  known  arbitrarily  termed  as  zero.  This  measurement  is  performed  being  defined  the  unit  of   measurement  to  be  used  in  this  comparison  from  the  difference  between  the  value  in  zero  point  and  a  second  known  value.  A   basic  property  of  interval  scale,  derived  from  the  way  it  is  set,  is  that  equal  variations  in  the  measurements  interval,   correspond  necessarily  to  the  same  variations  in  the  values  assumes  the  variable.  Example:  Temperature  scale.   The  ratio  scale  is  the  most  complete  and  sophisticated  scales.  She  is  a  quantification  produced  from  the  identification  of  a   zero  point  that  is  fixed  and  absolute,  representing,  in  fact,  a  minimum  point.  On  this  scale,  a  measurement  unit  is  defined  in   terms  of  the  difference  between  the  zero  point  and  a  known  intensity.  From  this,  each  observation  is  measured  according  to   their  distance  to  the  zero  point,  this  distance  expressed  in  previously  defined  unit  of  measure.  Example:  Customer  care   satisfaction.   Types  of  Scales   Surveys  and  Polls  Techniques  (Questionnaire  Process)
  • 6. 6 The  ratio  scale  is  the  one  that  have  more  information,  but  the  scale  of  choice  is  determined  by  the  nature  of  the  objects  or   people  being  measured. The  above  example  is  a  typical  error  that  some  people  commit  when  build  a  questionnaire: • No  Opinion  column,  if  this  possibility  is  regard,  you  give  the  survey  to  the  wrong  people. • Five  categories  of  choice,  the  people  have  tendency  to  pull  the  center,  if  they  aren´t  decided  between  good  and  bad.   • Number  of  categories  of  choice,  if  you  expect  the  people  ask  extremely  positive  or  negative  you  should  use  more   categories  in  case  to  do  a  better  difference  between  answers.  This  can  help  in  evaluation  scales,  where  is  expect  all  the   people  have  similar  responses.   How  should  use  scales  in  a  really  situation? Surveys  and  Polls  Techniques  (Questionnaire  Process)
  • 7. WHEN  YOU  HAVE  TO  DO  IT,  DO  IT  RIGHT ©  2015,  Right  IT  Services.  All  rights  reserved Rua  Odette  Saint  Maurice  |  Lote  3L  |  Escritório  A    |  1700-­‐921  Lisboa  |  Portugal    |+351  218  232  261  |  +351  215  975  418 Thursday,  05  November  2015 Pedro  Pires |  Data  Analyst Surveys  and  Pools  Techniques Questionnaire  Process