This presentation tells us about the future of Electric Vehicles in a country like India. It also describes the pros and cons of the technology and the steps undertaken by the current Modi government to encourage electric vehicles.

1. The Adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles in the U.S
By: Group 6

2. Abstract
• 2nd most expensive purchase for most Americans.
• Consumed 17% of pre tax income of families.
• Americans own 2.28 vehicles per household.
• ICE engines used by most cars.
• Used only 13% of the potential power of the Gasoline.

3. • America became increasingly dependent on oil controlled by OPEC countries.
• Rather than oil shocks and prices pollution became the main concern
• New laws imposed
• R&D of battery powered vehicles stared in 1997
• GM released EV1, with a 3 hr recharge time and zero emission.
• Release of “The inconvenient truth” by Al Gore.
• The release of the PRIUS by Toyota.

4. ABSTRACT CONTD
PHEV’s NO
alternative
source of
power
Charging
takes a lot of
time
Evs are
environment
friendly
Reduces
America’s
dependence
on oil
producing
countries
Diesel-No
longer a
dirty fuel
Clean Diesel
Technology
FUEL Cells-
Uses
Hydrogen
and Oxygen

5. ABSTRACT CONTD
Infrastructure changes needed
Recharging Stations
Coulomb
Better Place-Supplementary Batteries
Israel and Denmark
Fuel cell Infrastructure
Regulation and government Intervention(Taxes and Subsidies)
The Road Ahead-Lifestyle Trade offs

6. Future Prospect of HEV
• A stepping-stone for future zero-emitting fuel cell and electric vehicles.
• By driving the cost reduction and increased performance of components(electric
motor, power controls, and high power density batteries), the continued development
of HEVs will also help the development of the low and zero emission vehicles of the
future.
• The general acceptance of a hybrid vehicle with substantial electric range is very
heavily dependent on future fuel costs and government policy.
• The hybrid philosophy of reducing total fuel consumption could well find general
acceptance on purely economic terms, particularly if fuel prices continue to increase
and provided that these savings outweigh any increase in capital cost and accrued
battery and maintenance cost.

7. Degree of Hybridization
• A petrol engine in a conventional car has an
average engine efficiency of 17%-20% under
normal driving conditions.
• Most of the energy in the fuel is lost as heat and a
smaller part as engine friction.
• However, of the remaining energy out from the
engine approximately 10%-12% is lost during idling
and another 20%-30% is ‘lost’ when braking.
• In conclusion, only 12%-14% of the energy supplied
as fuel is actually used to move the car forward.
• HEVs can deal with some of these energy losses
using different kinds of technologies
designed to harness and utilize ‘lost’ energy

8. Does PHEV have a bright future ?
1) There were two major distinctive factors from HEV and EV vehicles
• PHEV used lithium ion battery.
• Batteries of PHEV could be charged by plugging into electrical outlet.
2) Drawback of EV – In case of depleted battery, there was no alternative
means to power. Average mileage of EV was around 100-120 miles.
3) The global imperative to cut carbon pollution and oil dependency.
4) Sales of hybrid vehicles was highest in 2007 but the subsequent years saw a
major decline in sales. ( exhibit 8 & exhibit 9)

9. According to exhibit 1 :-
The optimist case says the oil abundance will be
at 80 million barrels per day. Whereas the
pessimist case says it will be at 40 million barrels
per day.
(daily consumption is 96 million barrels per day)
Bloomberg predicts the EV "revolution" will displace 13
million barrels a day of crude by 2040 and 2 million
barrels per day as early as 2023

10. FUTURE PROJECTIONS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES
• A new Bloomberg report published, forecasts
that sales of electric vehicles will hit 41 million
by 2040.
• Falling Lithium-ion battery costs
• United States, Europe, India and China are
giving buyers incentives for going electric.
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is
asking Volkswagen to make electric vehicles in
the U.S. as part of a way to help the automaker
get out of the trudge of its emissions scandal.

11. The range is typically
limited to 60-120 miles
on a full charge,
although a few models
can go 200-300 miles
like the Tesla Models
S90D and P90D but
also cost $85,000
upwards.
Another problem is that
fully recharging the
battery pack can take
4-8 hours. Even a “fast
charge” to 80%
capacity can take
about 30 minutes.
Besides, large battery
packs are expensive
and may need to be
replaced once or more
during the life of the
vehicle
Battery packs are
heavy and take up
considerable space—
similar to how CNG
(compressed natural
gas) kits fill up the boot
space.
The lack of available
charging infrastructure
CHALLENGES FACED BY ELECTRIC VEHICLES

12. GROWTH OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN INDIA
• Sales of electric vehicles in India grew 37.5%
to 22,000 units in the year ended 31st March
2016 from 16,000 a year ago. Of these, only
2,000 units were four-wheelers.
• Mahindra, Maruti Suzuki, Toyota, BMW, Hero
MotoCorp, Tesla, Nissan and Mercedes are
planning to launch Electric/Hybrid vehicles in
India in the coming years.
• Tork motorcycles is trying to get a variant of the
first electric motorcycle in India

13. STEPS TAKEN BY INDIAN GOVERNMENT
• Piyush Goyal, India’s power minister with independent charge for Coal, Power, and New and
Renewable Energy said that the government is planning to shift to 100 percent electric vehicles by
2030.
• India has set an objective of selling 6 million electric vehicles by 2020 - a vision stated by the
government through the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020 and FAME (Faster
Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles).
• Phase-1 of the scheme will be implemented over a two year period in 2015-16 and 2016-17 with an
approved outlay of Rs 795 crore.
Rs 1800 to Rs 29,000 for Two Wheelers
Rs 3300 to Rs 61,000 for Three Wheelers
Rs 1.3 Rs 1.38 Lakh for Four Wheelers
Rs 17,000 to Rs 1.87 Lakh for Light Commercial Vehicles (LCV)
Rs 34 Lakh to Rs 66 Lakh for Buses

14. Marketing Strategies
• Increase the market share with increase in models by keeping in mind “One
model won’t fit for all.”
• Increase brand awareness by increasing no. of vehicles on road.
• Create brand loyalty.

15. TACTICS

16. Phases
Communication
strategies
(pre launch)
Banners,
automotive
magazines
Social media
New Launch
Events
Debut
announcements
Test Drive
America
Campaign
Expand
communication
strategies
(post launch)
Billboard
campaigns
Implement
Amplify your
ride

17. Thank you