1. LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Jonnada, Andhra Pradesh- 535005
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
(IV-I)
SYLLABUS (UNIT WISE)
OBJECTIVES
OUTCOMES
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
2. COURSE OBJECTIVES
ď To provide the basic principles and operation of various types of circuit
breakers.
ď To study the classification, operation and application of different types of
electromagnetic protective relays.
ď To explain protective schemes, for generator and transformers.
ď To impart knowledge of various protective schemes used for feeders and bus
bars.
ď To explain the principle and operation of different types of static relays.
ď To study different types of over voltages in a power system and principles of
different protective schemes for insulation coâordination.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
3. COURSE OUTCOMES
ď Able to understand the principles of arc interruption for application to high
voltage circuit breakers of air, oil, vacuum, SF6 gas type.
ď Ability to understand the working principle and operation of different types of
electromagnetic protective relays.
ď Students acquire knowledge of faults and protective schemes for high power
generator and transformers.
ď Improves the ability to understand various types of protective schemes used for
feeders and bus bar protection.
ď Able to understand different types of static relays and their applications.
ď Able to understand different types of over voltages and protective schemes
required for insulation coâordination.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
4. BOOKS FOR SGP
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Text Books:
1. Power System Protection and Switchgear by Badari Ram and D.N
Viswakarma, TMH Publications
2. Power system protection- Static Relays with microprocessor applications,
by T. S. Madhava Rao, TMH
Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Power System Protection by Paithankar and S. R. Bhide,
PHI, 2003.
2. Art & Science of Protective Relaying â by C R Mason, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
3. Protection and Switch Gear by Bhavesh Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, Nilesh
G. Chothani, Oxford University Press, 2013
5. UNITâI: CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âMiniature Circuit Breaker(MCB)
âElementary principles of arc interruption
âRestriking Voltage and Recovery voltages
âRestriking phenomenon â RRRV
âAverage and Max. RRRV
âCurrent chopping and Resistance switching
âIntroduction to oil circuit breakers
âDescription and operation of Air Blast
âVacuum and SF6 circuit breakers
âCB ratings and specifications
âConcept of Auto reclosing.
6. UNITâII: ELECTROMAGNETIC PROTECTION
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âRelay connection
âBalanced beam type attracted armature relay, induction disc and induction cup relays
â Torque equation
â Relays classification
â Instantaneous
â DMT and IDMT types
âApplications of relays:
â Over current and under voltage relays
â Directional relays
â Differential relays and percentage differential relays
â Universal torque equation
âDistance relays:
â Impedance
â Reactance
â Mho and offset mho relays
â Characteristics of distance relays and comparison.
7. UNITâIII: GENERATOR AND TRANSFORMER
PROTECTION
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âGenerator Protection
âProtection of generators against stator faults
âRotor faults and abnormal conditions
âRestricted earth fault and inter turn fault protection
âNumerical examples
âTransformer Protection
âPercentage differential protection
âDesign of CTâs ratio
âBuchholz relay protection
âNumerical examples
8. UNITâIV: FEEDER AND BUS BAR PROTECTION
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âProtection of lines
âOver current Protection schemes
âPSM, TMS
âNumerical examples
âCarrier current and three zone distance relay using impedance relays
âProtection of bus bars by using Differential protection
9. UNITâV: STATIC AND DIGITAL RELAYS
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âStatic relays
âStatic relay components
âStatic over current relays
âStatic distance relay
âMicro processor based digital relays
10. UNITâVI: PROTECTION AGAINST OVER
VOLTAGE AND GROUNDING
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
âGeneration of over voltages in power systems
âProtection against lightning over voltages
âValve type and zinc oxide lighting arresters
âInsulation coordination
âBIL
âImpulse ratio
âStandard impulse test wave
âVolt-time characteristics
âGrounded and ungrounded neutral systems
âEffects of ungrounded neutral on system performance
âMethods of neutral grounding
âSolid
âResistance
âReactance
âArcing grounds and grounding Practices
11. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Thank you
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering