Solid waste management in cities, observations on country presentations

1. Observations on Country Case Study
Presentations by Participants
(UNEP-UNITAR-cifal Jeju Workshop –
10-12 December 2013)
K D Bhardwaj
Senior Program Officer
Asian Productivity Organization

2. Bangladesh
City: Rajshahi
Waste: 195 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.245
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Institutes supporting SWM:
Local Government
Engineering Department
(LGED)
Bangladesh Municipal
Development Fund (BMDF)
Department of Public Health
Engineering
Observations:
75 – 85 % compostable waste
Why not compost plant with the
help of external support/donor
agencies?
Is landfill engineered/sanitary with
liner system?
Efforts on 3R !!

3. People’s Republic of China
City: Hangzhou
Waste: 8876 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: ___
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Municipal government set
waste segregation standards
Waste segregation website
Eco-community project for
zero waste community
Smart Green House project
Smart Bins
Observations:
Waste segregation not practiced
properly.
No incentives for waste segregation
Why incineration plants opposed?
Misconception about incineration !!
No space left in landfill facility after
5 years. How to tackle this issue?

4. India
City: Chandigarh
Waste: 370 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.370
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Observations:
Dumping ground or engineered
landfill ?
Waste reduction/reuse/recycle
targets?
Door-to-door collection of
waste and Waste segregation
Garbage processing plant for
RDF
Biomethanation for slaughter
house waste

5. India
City: Kota
Waste: 300 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.300
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Less paper office/E-governance
Use of polythene bags
banned
Sewage treatment
100 % ash utilization
Observations:
Waste reduction/reuse/recycle
targets?
Waste collection?
Waste processing and disposal
facility !

6. India
City: Vijayawada
Waste: 550 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: _____
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste to energy plant
Plan for composting/vermin-composting
Observations:
Medical waste / Hazardous waste
handling and management
Engineered landfill ?
Waste reduction/reuse/recycle
targets?
Waste to energy plant not
functioning !

7. India
City: Panchkula
Waste: ______
Kg/Capita/day: _____
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Good government control
and administration
Community Led Total
Sanitation Program
Observations:
Power generation as part of
integrated waste management
Lack of systematic assessment of
waste generation

8. Kiribati
City: South Tarawa
Waste: ______
Kg/Capita/day: _____
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Kiribati Integrated
Environment Policy
Joint Enforcement Team
Chemical waste
management
Observations:
Can not afford having waste !
3Rs essential!
Minimise/eliminate landfilling

9. Malaysia
City: Penang
Waste: 288,377 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 1.07
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition
Government commitment
Way forward – zero waste
Observations:
Segregation at source still an
issue !
Waste reduction targets!
ISO14001 ?

10. Mongolia
City: Ulaaanbaatar
Waste: ______ tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: _____
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Seasonal waste
composition (50 % ash in
winter)
Master plan available
Several regulations
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal ?
Waste sorting?
System to handle seasonal
variation ?
3Rs !

11. Nepal
City: Kathmandu
Waste: 475 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.3
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste generation
assessment
Construction of transfer
station /landfill site
Community based
composting
Observations:
Waste collection and transportation!
Final waste processing and
disposal ?
Waste reduction strategy!

12. Nepal
City: Birendranagar
Waste: 5 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.0415
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (75%
organic)
Solid waste management
plan
Observations:
Why landfill site construction ?
What about composting/RDF or
waste to energy?

13. Nepal
City: Biratnagar
Waste: 55 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.33
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (75%
organic)
Solid waste management
system (private sector)
Observations:
Why landfill site ?
Waste reduction targets?
Leachate treatment at landfill site !
Implementation of strategies?

14. Nepal
City: Hetauda
Waste: 20-25 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.25
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (70%
organic) and waste
generation assessment
Color based sorting
(primary and secondary)
Integrated waste
management plan
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal
site ?
Waste reduction targets?

15. Nepal
City: Siddharthanagar
Waste: 30 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.48
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (73%
organic)
Waste segregation at
source
Good understanding
Observations:
Why landfill site construction?
Why not composting/ RDF plant?
Waste reduction targets?

16. Nepal
City: Tansen Municipality
Waste: 6 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: ____
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (44%
organic)
Compost plant
Plastic free municipality
Observations:
Why landfill site construction?
3Rs targets?

17. Pakistan
City: Rawalpindi
Waste: 48000 tons/day in
country
Kg/Capita/day: 0.5-0.7
(country average)
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
National guidelines
Infrastructure is there
SWEEP program
competed
Observations:
No law?
Waste processing and disposal
facilities
3Rs targets?
Much needs to be done!

18. Philippines
City: Mandaluyong
Waste: 400,000 m3
Kg/Capita/day: 0.71
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Master plan for SWM
Ban on plastic packaging
Barangay-level
beautification projects
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal
facility
Waste segregation
3Rs targets?

19. Philippines
City: Cagayan De Oro
Waste: 14,346.66 m3 per
month
Kg/Capita/day: ___
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (50 %
food/organic waste, plastic
25%)
MRF for each Barangay
plan
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal
facility
Composting/RDF plant?
3Rs targets?

20. Sri Lanka
City: Kattankudy
Waste: 25 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: 0.412
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (58 %
biodegradable)
Local authority fully
responsible
Waste recycling banking
system
Observations:
No law on waste management?
Waste processing and disposal
facility
Composting/RDF plant?
3Rs targets?

21. Thailand
City: Nong Rua
Municipality
Waste: 25 tons
Kg/Capita/day: ___
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
Waste composition (58-64
% organic waste)
Assessment of waste
generation
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal
facility
Composting/RDF plant?
3Rs targets?
Much needs to be done

22. Vietnam
City: Hue
Waste: 205 tons/day
Kg/Capita/day: ___
Good Practice/Framework/
System:
30 % recycling target by
2020
Plan to construct recycling
facilities
Observations:
Waste processing and disposal
facility
Waste sorting ?
3Rs targets?
Much needs to be done

23. COMMON ISSUES
My city, my home??
Know-your-waste
Finance (rich city - more waste)
Waste management strategy (Reactive or
proactive)
Cost recovery (Is it must?)
Technology

24. COMMON ISSUES
Waste management priority –
Geographic or waste stream based
Government commitment
Public private partnership
Waste reduction targets
Natural disasters

25. Thank you!
K D Bhardwaj
Senior Program Officer
Industry Department, APO
kdbhardwaj@apo-tokyo.org