1. Term Paper on Android Culture and its Mediations on Social
Networking Sites for Academic purpose in Bangladesh
Submitted To:
Dr. Hossain Shahid Shorowadhy
Associate Professor
Department of Marketing
University Of Chittagong
Sumitted By:
Name Id No.
Sarfuddin 11304057
Md. Alagtagin Roshab 11304037
Nusrat Arfin 11304079
Afrina Hoque 11304104
Habiba Nasrin 11304125
Lutfur Nahar 11304014
4th
year, B.B.A
Department Of Marketing
University Of Chittagong

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Contents
Abstract:..................................................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction:............................................................................................................................................................................3
Conceptual Framework:..........................................................................................................................................................3
Education system and Social Networking...............................................................................................................................4
Primary and secondary level management......................................................................................................................6
Tertiary education management......................................................................................................................................6
Technical and Vocational education management..........................................................................................................6
Literature Review....................................................................................................................................................................8
Objectives: ..............................................................................................................................................................................8
Hypothesis: .............................................................................................................................................................................8
Methodology:..........................................................................................................................................................................8
Analysis...................................................................................................................................................................................9
Conclusion ..............................................................................................................................................................................9
Reference: ...............................................................................................................................................................................9

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Abstract:
This study attempts to determine the students perceptions on android culture and it’s mediation on social networking in
academic purpose. In this paper, a survey was conducted by 220 self administrative questionnaires given to a sample of
students from the departments of several faculties of Universities of Chittagong. Our prime target students are those
whose home districts are from several districts across the country as a representative of one of 64 districts. The purpose
was to aggregate respondent’s opinions on the uses of their favorite social networking site(s) through using android
mobile phone and their impact on the students’ academic performance. Most of the respondents report a positive impact of
social networking on their academic purposes and there is a favorable perception of social networking taking different
nuances. Hence most of the student using android mobile for social networking, serving for the academic is yet to
flourish.
Introduction:
Although people have been using the internet to connect with others since the early 1980s, it is only in the last decade that
social networking services have proliferated and their use has become a widespread practice – particularly amongst young
people (Horizon, 2009).
Social networking services (SNS) are increasingly popular amongst Bangladeshi young people regardless of geographical
location, background and age as well as the Android mobile phone because of it is user friendly, less costly, available
different apps etc. They include services such as Facebook.com, Twitter.com, Google+, MySpace.com and Linkin.com
which have many millions of members each. Furthermore, many services created for media sharing (e.g. for photo sharing
the sites are Flickr and Instagram and for video sharing the site is YouTube) have incorporated profile and networking
features and may be thought of as part of this wider conceptualization of SNS themselves. Indeed, SNS alone with android
phone in a Web 2.0 environment have transformed processes of communication and social interaction particularly with
the increasing integration of social media functionality to these services.
From a global perspective, the number of social networking sites is used as a channel for transforming multiple areas of
knowledge. A bundle of benefits is associated with social networking, but it is not free from darker effects on the users
especially when it comes to their academic purposes. The focal point of social networking is to build up an association of
ideas, knowledge and sharing among people in a global community. Social networking sites (SNS) are a very popular
communication tool in Bangladesh. Different types of users are interested in SNS for various purposes. Teachers and
students use SNS frequently, which is why social networking has been recognized as an important resource for academic
purposes. (Shohrowardhy & Hassan)
The first section of the report presents Students Social Networking in Context: a brief summary of student’s use of
Android Mobile Phone and SNS, and the culture of Bangladeshi education system. The second part of the report presents
scenario of using SNS for education purpose through using android mobile phone.
Conceptual Framework:
Social Networking
Social networking is the use of internet-based social media programs to make connections with friends, family,
classmates, customers and clients. Social networking can occur for social purposes, business purposes or both through
sites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Classmates.com and Yelp. Social networking is also a significant target area
for marketers seeking to engage users. Social network is a strong tool for social interaction and connection, where it can
improve family ties and friends in a rich social context. Social networks are the main application under the umbrella of
social media.
Academic Perception:
Social networks are becoming an integral part of our lives. Students are spending much time on social media and are
considered the largest category that uses such application. Middle and high school students are using social media to
connect with one another on homework and group projects.11 For example, Facebook and similar social media programs

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allow students to gather outside of class to collaborate and exchange ideas about assignments. Students gained more
vocabulary and improved their writing, reduced their spelling mistakes ( Yunus and Salehi 2012 ).
Some schools successfully use blogs as teaching tools which has the benefi t of reinforcing skills in English, written
expression, and creativity. In Bangladesh, students can exchange assignments, resources, and discussions around
educational material and issues through facebook. And this is possible for continous growing social network. They can
also benefit from chatting with other students, teachers and external sources to acquire knowledge.
Communication Perception
Social networking platforms may allow organizations to improve communication and productivity by disseminating
information among different groups of employees in a more efficient manner. It facilitates open communication, leading
to enhanced information discovery and delivery. The chat facility and share video help to communicate with friends,
family etc.
Entertainment Perception
Social Networking sites are becoming major tool for entertainment. Facebook is an entertaining tool. Playing game is one
of the fun activities to do on facebook. Knowing other peoples activities is also entertaining. By using you tube people can
easily download movies, video songs etc.
Social perception
Social media sites allow teens to accomplish online many of the tasks that are important to them offline staying connected
with friends and family, making new friends, sharing pictures, and exchanging ideas. Social media participation also can
offer adolescents deeper benefits that extend into their view of self, community, and the world, including:
1. Opportunities for community engagement through raising money for charity and volunteering for local events,
including political and philanthropic events;
2. Enhancement of individual and collective creativity through development and sharing of artistic and musical endeavors;
3. Growth of ideas from the creation of blogs, podcasts, videos and gaming sites;
4. Expansion of one’s online connections through shared interests to include others from more diverse backgrounds (such
communication is an important step for all adolescents and affords the opportunity for respect, tolerance, and increased
discourse about personal and global issues); and
5. Fostering of one’s individual identity and unique social skills.
Education system and Social Networking
The educational system in Bangladesh is three-tiered and highly subsidized. The government
of Bangladesh operates many schools in the primary, secondary, and higher secondary levels. It also subsidizes parts of
the funding for many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the government also funds more than 15 state
universities through the University Grants Commission.
Bangladesh conforms fully to the UN's Education for all (EFA) objectives and the Millennium Development
Goals (MDG) as well as other education-related international declarations. Article 17 of the Bangladesh
Constitution provides that all children receive free and compulsory education
 Number of Educational System
The three main educational systems in Bangladesh, ordered by decreasing student attendance numbers, are:
 General Education System
 Madrasah Education System
 Technical - Vocational Education System
Other systems include a Professional Education System.

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Each of these three main systems is divided into three levels:
 Primary Level (Class I-V)
 Secondary Level (Class VI-XII)
 Tertiary Level
Tertiary Education
In Bangladesh takes place at 37 governments, 80 private and 3 international universities. Students can choose to
further their studies in Chartered Accountancy, engineering, technology, agriculture and medicine at a variety of
universities and colleges.
At all levels of schooling, students can choose to receive their education in English or Bangle. Private schools tend to
make use of English-based study media while government-sponsored schools use Bangle.
Madrasah
The Madrasah Education System focuses on religious education, teaching all the basics of education in a religious
environment. Religious studies are taught in Arabic and the students in some areas also serve the local area masjids.
Students also have to complete all the courses from the General Education System. Many privately licensed Madrasas
take in homeless children and provide them with food, shelter and education, e.g. Jamia Tawakkulia Renga
Madrasah in Sylhet.
Technical and Vocational
The Technical and Vocational Education System provides courses related to various applied and practical areas of
science, technology and engineering, or focuses on a specific specialized area. Course duration ranges from one month to
four years.
Educational Management

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The overall responsibility of management of primary education lies with the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education
(MOPME), set up as a Ministry in 1992. While MOPME is involved in formulation of policies, the responsibility of
implementation rests with the Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) headed by a Director General.
Primary and secondary level management
The primary level of education is managed by the Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) while the secondary level of
education is controlled by the seven General Education Boards, each covering a region. The boards' headquarters are
located in Barisal, Comilla Chittagong, Dhaka, Dinajpur Jessore, Rajshahi and Sylhet .
Eight region-based Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) are responsible for conducting the four
public examinations, Primary School Certificate (also Primary Education Completion Examination) (PSC), Junior School
Certificate (JSC), Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC
Tertiary education management
At the tertiary level, universities are regulated by the University Grants Commission. The colleges providing
tertiary education are under the National University. Each of the medical colleges is affiliated with a public university.
Universities in Bangladesh are autonomous bodies administered by statutory bodies such as Syndicate, Senate, Academic
Council, etc. in accordance with provisions laid down in their respective acts
Technical and Vocational education management
The Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) is responsible for the planning, development, and implementation of
technical and vocational education in the country. Curriculum is implemented by BTEB.
List of Number of Educational Institution in Bangladesh:
Categories Number
Primary School 80397
Secondary School 18500
College 3150
Madrasah 9214
Cadet College 36
University 56
Medical College 42
Dental College 9
Law College 70
Professional 101
Teacher Education 188
Technical-vocational 2728
Social Networking
A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets
of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of methods for
analyzing the structure of whole social entities as well as a variety of theories explaining the patterns observed in these
structures. The study of these structures uses social network analysis to identify local and global patterns, locate
influential entities, and examine network dynamics.

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Social networking is the use of internet-based social media programs to make connections with friends, family,
classmates, customers and clients. Social networking can occur for social purposes, business purposes or both through
sites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Classmates.com and Yelp. Social networking is also a significant target area
for marketers seeking to engage users.
Social Network in Education
At present social networking system are mostly use I academic purpose. Students and teachers are using social
network site for sharing and getting information.
Top 20 Social Networks for Education
1. Twitter
2. Classroom 2.0
3. Facebook
4. Google Plus
5. Plurk
6. Educator’s PLN
7. Learn central
8. ISTE community
9. Who Teaches
10. Edutopia
11. Technology Integration in Education
12. The 21st
Century Teacher

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13. Better Lesson
14. Diipo
15. Intel Education Teacher Engage Community
16. Evenloop
17. Edudemic
18. K12 Advantage
19. Collaborative Translation
20. Sophia
Literature Review
Objectives:
The objective is to identify the variable (what are those variables) those have the affect the use of android culture related
to excellence in academic perception usage in Bangladesh. To attain the objective, the following specific objectives will
be pursued.
1. To gain insights around the perceived impacts of android in the academic activities choice of satisfactory
operating system.
2. To get idea about the current users of android.
3. To find out users behavior of android operating system.
4. To find out the evaluating system of user.
5. Android culture is a leader in complex just in time assembly, flexible tooling and equipment solutions. A content
provider manages a shared set of application data. Through the content provider, other applications can query or
even modify the data in academic perception.
6. To describe the use of android operating system in creation of a teaching-learning episode and exploring
innovation teaching & learning practices.
7. To explain the conceptual understanding of android culture.
8. To determine the perception on operating system used in academic purposes in Bangladesh
9. Centralize one auditing and inception system in cloud. All digital audits are synced the Safety Culture account so
one can pull reports from anywhere, at anytime.
10. Informatics students have better understanding about development process which can brings lots of feedback.
Hypothesis:
According to the objectives of the study, we develop and test the following working hypotheses:
H1: There is no association among the social networking dimensions using Android phone for academic purposes in
Bangladesh.
H2: There is no significant relationship among academic perception and actual social networking through using android
operating system usage among Bangladeshi students.
Methodology:
Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. In order to collect primary data, a questionnaire was designed in
the light of the objectives of the study. In this paper, a survey was conducted by 220 self administrative questionnaires
given to a sample of students from the several departments of Universities of Chittagong. Our prime target students are
selected based on those whose home districts are from several districts across the country as a representative of one of
each 64 districts and their experience level in using social networking. And to determine the number of students prefers
the uses of android OS for social networking. Since it is difficult to observe the users' behavior, the interview method was

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used to collect primary data while using social networking sites due to privacy concerns. There is two parts in the
questionnaire. One is called demographic and socio‐economic section where demographic and socio‐economic
characteristics of the respondents were registered using descriptive statistics for determining the users’ propensity towards
social networking and their use of android OS. Another section was used to find the level of perception towards the
different dimensional perceptions of social networking. SPSS version 21.0 and SPSS‐AMOS version 21.0 were used to
analyze the Reliability and the factors involved in the study. Finally, we run test for Mediation using MRA. Secondary
data were collected from different sources like articles from both national and international recognized journals, texts,
websites and periodicals published in the daily newspaper etc. These sources are used to obtain a pool of literature
knowledge about using android OS for social networking and its application in different areas of education system.
Analysis
a) Descriptive
b) Reliability
c) Factor Analysis
d) Mediation test using MRA
Conclusion
This paper is conducted to experiment on android practice and its viable application in social networking sites for
academic proliferation. Fortunately, we came across with the information that students are associating social networking
sites increasingly with academic usages. Early on, Bangladeshi students were mostly guided by entertainment and
promotional needs followed by social needs. But that scenario is changing with the widespread usage of very
sophisticated and cool androids with comparatively lowest possible prices. Affordability in both data pack and android set
has facilitated the academic use for lower-middle-class students. Concurrently, , the policy makers, BTRC, Government,
university governing bodies are constructively concentrating the management of ICT on identifying ways in which to
divert the students’ attention from the entertainment side to the academic side of social networking sites. This research
paper is pertinent as a primary observation of students’ judgments of android usage on social networking for academic
purposes. It highlights a positive benchmark for policy makers from the government regarding the development of the
education system in Bangladesh. Despite all those, many students still spend hours on android not really for academic
reasons. There should be some facilities and restrictions for all students to save them from this vicious android- social
media bound cycle. Social networking is used for diverse intentions e.g. online bullying, fraud, transferring
misinformation, odd presentation and plagiarism of the statements of people in order to create misunderstandings for the
users. These patterns adversely impact university students and divert their concentration from academic objectives to
others. So the policy makers like the Ministry of Education and relative secretaries, UGC, vice‐chancellors of universities
and related affiliated bodies like the syndicate, the senate, the academic council and the academic committee of individual
departments should assist the development of a digital education system that will help take advantage of the potentially
beneficial uses of social networking sites for academic purposes. No doubt, Technology can immensely enhance the
teaching and learning experience, but it can also divert the attention of the users from the message that is to be transmitted
to the medium itself and it is the essential duty of the mentors to beacon the impending pitfalls and make sure that
students stay focused on course plan (Cantaragiu and Hadad, 2013). Thus, we will be able to truly taste the fruit of
technological adaption in our country and make the very dream of digital Bangladesh come true.
Reference:
1. Johnson, L., Levine, A., & Smith, R. (2009) The 2009 Horizon Report, The New Media Consortium, Austin,
Texas.

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2. Shohrowardhy, Hossain Shahid & Hassan, H.M. Kamrul “Students' perception of social networking for academic
purposes in Bangladesh” Vol. 9 No. 4 Winter, pp. 459‐470.
3. Heyam A. Al-Tarawneh, The Influence of Social Networks on Students’ Performance, Vol. 5, No. 3 March 2014
4. Junco, R. (2012a). The relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and
student engagement. Computers & Education, Vol.58, pp.162–171.
5. Clinical Report—The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families
6. Heng-Li Yang, Jih-Hsin Tang, Effects of social network on students performence: A web-based forum study in
TAIWAN , JALN Volume 7, Issue 3 — September 2003
7. Sparrowe, R. T., Liden, R. C. and Kraimer, M. L. Social networks and the performance of individuals and groups.
Academy of Management Journal, 44(2): 316-325, 2001.
8. Garton, L., Haythornthwaite, C. and Wellman, B. Studying online social networks, in Doing Internet Research,
Steve Jones (eds.), Sage: CA, 1999.
9. Our culture,Andriod
http://w.w.w android-ind com/our culture
10. Introduction to Android
https://code.google.com/p/androidgroup/downloads/detail?name=Introd
Introduction%20to%20Android.pdf
11. Android Architecture
http://www.android-app-market.com/android-architecture.html
12. Application Fundamentals
http://developer.android.com/guide/components/fundamentals.html
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/declaring-layout.html