This is one of three presentations on pronouns

1. PRONOUNS CASE
B E T W E E N Y O U A N D M E
B Y R O N A L D S P E E N E R

2. OBJECTIVES
•Understand what a pronoun is
•Identify types of pronouns
•Explain pronoun case
•Use pronoun case correctly
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3. DEFINITION
A pronoun takes the place of a
noun.
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Jack went to the store; bought
an apple
Jackhe

4. GENERAL PRONOUN RULE
• Pronouns must use the case of how they
function in the sentence.
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Jack was tired when he got home. So Mary and
the children took him out to her favorite
restaurant. They had tacos.

5. TYPES OF PRONOUNS
Personal – I, you he
Relative – who, whom, that, which
Indefinite – each, one, anyone
A. Reflexive – myself
B. Intensive – himself
C. Interrogative – who
D. Reciprocal – one another
E. Demonstrative – this, these, that, those
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6. PERSONAL PRONOUNS
• Personal pronouns are the most
commonly used pronouns.
• These pronouns are used to
replace a specific noun.
–Jack went to the store. He bought a
gallon of milk.
• Personal pronouns have the most
forms of any pronoun.
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7. CLASSIFICATIONS
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Pronouns are classified by person, number, case, and gender.Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4
Column5 Column6 Column7
Subjective Objective Possessive
Person Number
1st Singular I Me My/Mine
Plural We Us Our/Ours
2nd Singular Thou Thee Thy/Thine
Plural Ye You Your/Yours
3rd Singular Masc. He Him His
Gender Fem. She Her Hers
Neuter It It Its
Case

8. CASE
Case shows how the pronoun functions in the sentence:
– subject, direct object, object of a preposition, etc.
Unlike person, gender, and number, it does not need to
agree with its antecedent.
A. English has three cases.
–Subjective
–Objective
–Possessive
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9. SUBJECTIVE CASE
• Subjective case – the pronoun functions as a
subject
– I went to the store.
– She built a computer.
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10. SUBJECTIVE CASE
• Subjective case – the pronoun functions as a
subject compliment
– It is I.
– The judges were Mary and she.
– It was not he that gave her roses.
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11. SUBJECTIVE CASE
• Subjective case – the pronoun functions as a
subject after than
– Jill is a better dancer than I.
– (Jill is a better dancer than I am a dancer.)
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12. SUBJECTIVE CASE
Testing for subjective case –
A. Suzy and me went to the store.
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13. OBJECTIVE CASE
•Objective case – the pronoun
functions as a direct object,
–I took her to the movies.
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14. OBJECTIVE CASE
•Objective case – the pronoun
functions as an indirect object,
–I took her home.
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15. OBJECTIVE CASE
• Objective case – the pronoun functions as an
object of a prepositional phrase
– Aidin gave the car to us.
– Our dog ran after Mark and me.
– After Mark and I saw the movie, we went out for
pizza. (After is a subordinating conjunction)
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16. OBJECTIVE CASE
• Objective case – the pronoun functions as a
object after than
– Jill liked Sidney better than me.
– (Jill liked Sidney better than she liked me.)
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17. THE DREADED ME
• Me is objective case – it functions as a direct
object, indirect object or object of a preposition
– She took me to the movies.
– He walked me home.
– Between you and me, Daren is a snob.
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18. THE DREADED ME
• Exceptions – informal
–It is me.
–Why me?
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19. OBJECTIVE CASE
Testing for Objective case –
Jake took Jake and I to the races.
The contest was between Cindy and
she for first place.
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20. POSSESSIVE CASE
• Possessive case – the pronoun shows
ownership or possession
– It is my book. (adjective)
– The book is mine. (pronoun)
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21. CASE EXERCISE
Jack took she and I to the
movies.
Jack studied harder than
her.
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C I
C I

22. THEN/AS
Although Jose isn't as popular as
_____ , he is more likely to earn a
promotion at work.
a) she
b) hers
c) herself
d) her
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23. RELATIVE PRONOUNS
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1st
2nd
3rd
Who, That
& Which
Whom Whose
Person
Possessive
Case
Singular & Plural
Number Subjective Objective

24. WHO
• Who or whom frequently start a
dependent clause
• Use who if it is the subject of the
clause
–Mary went to the doctor who was a
specialist.
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25. WHOM
• Use whom as the object of a prepositional
phrase
– To whom do you want me to address the letter?
• Use whom if it is the direct object of the clause
– Mary went to the doctor whom she thought to be
the best.
– She sang for whoever would listen.
HINT- find the verb in the clause then the subject.
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26. WHOSE
• Do not confuse whose with who’s
–The student whose paper is best will
receive a scholarship.
• Whose shows ownership of the paper
–Who’s the best writer in class?
• Contraction of who is
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27. RESTRICTIVE
RESTRICTIVE
• Limits a noun
– The man who rowed
a boat across the
Atlantic Ocean wrote
a book about his
adventure.
• That is always
restrictive
NON-RESTRICTIVE
• Adds information
– Tony, who rowed a
boat across the
Atlantic Ocean, wrote
a book about his
adventure.
– Which is usually non-
restrictive
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28. THAT
• That is frequently omitted in a sentence
– Mary took the medicine she needed.
• That often requires the subjunctive mood
– I wish that he were here.
• That can refers to person or things
• That is always restrictive (no commas)
– The book that was on the table needs to be
returned to the library.
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29. WHICH
• In general which refers to things
–The book, which I left on the table,
must be returned to the library.
• Some grammar books, including
MSWord, insist which must be
used with commas.
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30. INTENSIVE/REFLEXIVE
PRONOUNS
Subjective/Intensive Objective/Reflexive Possessiv
e
1st Person
Singular Myself Myself
Plural Ourselves Ourselves
2nd Person
Singular Yourself Yourself
Plural Yourselves Yourselves
3rd Person
Singular Himself, herself, itself Himself, herself,
itself
Plural Themselves Themselves
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31. INTENSIVE/REFLEXIVE CONT.
Intensive are used
with subjects
–Jack, himself,
baked the cake.
A. Reflexive are
objects
–Jack baked the
cake by
himself.
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32. INTENSIVE/REFLEXIVE CONT.
Intensive and Reflexive pronouns cannot
substitute for I or me
A. Ted and myself went to the
store.
B. Ted and I went to the store.
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.

33. INTENSIVE/REFLEXIVE CONT.
• Hisself, Theirself and Theirselves
are not acceptable English words
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.

34. SUMMARY
• Pronouns must match the case of
how they function in the sentence
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35. PRONOUN EXERCISE 1
I plan on visiting my grandmother
________ lives in Arizona.
a) whom
b) that
c) which
d) who
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36. PRONOUN EXERCISE 2
My grandmother called my mother while my
sister and ________ were at my mother’s
house.
A. Me
B. I
C. myself
D. myselves
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37. PRONOUN EXERCISE 3
I have not seen my grandmother in
several years, ________ is too long.
A. whom
B. that
C. which
D. when
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38. PRONOUN EXERCISE 4
My grandmother said _____ she wanted
us to visit next week.
A. whom
B. that
C. which
D. when
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39. PRONOUN EXERCISE 5
She wants to give us some gift from Ben,
_______ my uncle.
A. whom
B. whose
C. which
D. who’s
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40. PRONOUN EXERCISE 6
My Uncle Ben was single and traveled
the world by _________.
A. hiself
B. oneself
C. himself
D. hiselfes
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41. RELATIVE PRONOUN
EXERCISE
He always brought expensive items for
_______ want to have them.
A. Whoever
B. Whichever
C. Whomever
D. Who.
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42. PRONOUN EXERCISE 7
Needless to say, my sister and
_________ were on the next plane.
A. me
B. myself
C. I
D. us
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43. PRONOUN EXERCISE 8
From Uncle Ben’s gifts, I selected an
African mask for _______.
A. me
B. myself
C. I
D. us
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44. PRONOUN EXERCISE 9
My sister selected sapphire earrings,
_________ complemented her eyes.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. whose
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45. PRONOUN EXERCISE 10
It is difficult to say _________ selection
was better.
A. whom’s
B. who
C. whose
D. who’s
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