1. HISTORY OF MARRAKECHHISTORY OF MARRAKECH
ESCRS(European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery)
&
SAMIR(Morrocan Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgery)
Mövenpik Hotel Mansour Eddahbi
& Palais des Congrès, Marrakech, Morocco
Cette réunion a reçu 19 CME crédits

2. Carte Touristique Marrakech

3. located west of the foothills of the Atlas Mountains. Marrakesh is situated 580 km (360 mi) southwest of Tangier, 327 km (203 mi)
southwest of the Moroccan capital of Rabat, 239 km (149 mi) south of Casablanca, and 246 km (153 mi) northeast of Agadir.
The region has been inhabited by Berber farmers since Neolithic times. The city was founded in 1062, by Abu Bakr ibn Umar, a chieftain
ibn Yusuf in 1122–1123, and various buildings constructed in red sandstone during this period, have given the city the nickname of the
"Red City" or "Ochre City". Marrakesh grew rapidly and established itself as a cultural, religious, and trading center for the Maghreb
and sub-Saharan Africa. Jemaa el-Fnaa is the busiest square in Africa.
History of MarrakeshHistory of Marrakesh

4. After a period of decline, the city was surpassed by Fez, but in the early 16th century,
Marrakesh again became the capital of the kingdom. The city regained its preeminence
under wealthy Saadian sultans Abu Abdallah al-Qaim and Ahmad al-Mansur, who embel-
lished the city with sumptuous palaces such as the El Badi Palace (1578) and restored
many ruined monuments. Beginning in the 17th century, the city became popular among
became Pasha of Marrakesh and held this position nearly throughout the protectorate
until the role was dissolved upon the independence of Morocco and the reestablishment
of the monarchy in 1956. In 2009, Marrakesh mayor Fatima Zahra Mansouri became
the second woman to be elected mayor in Morocco.

5. quarter is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[6] Today it is one of the busiest cities in Africa and
serves as a major economic center and tourist destination. Tourism is strongly advocated by the
reigning Moroccan monarch, Mohammed VI, with the goal of doubling the number of tourists
visiting Morocco to 20 million by 2020. Despite the economic recession, real estate and hotel
development in Marrakesh have grown dramatically in the 21st century. Marrakesh is particular-
ly popular with the French, and numerous French celebrities own property in the city.
Marrakesh has the largest traditional market (souk) in Morocco, with some 18 souks selling
wares ranging from traditional Berber carpets to modern consumer electronics. Crafts employ
of this trade. Much of this trade can be found in the medina and adjacent squares. Tortoises are
particularly popular for sale as pets, but Barbary macaques and snakes can also be seen. The
majority of these animals suffer from poor welfare conditions in these stalls.

6. Marrakesh is served by Ménara International Airport and by Marrakesh railway station which
connects the city to Casablanca and northern Morocco. Marrakesh has several universities and
schools, including Cadi Ayyad University. A number of Moroccan football clubs are located
here, including Najm de Marrakech, KAC Marrakech, Mouloudia de Marrakech and Chez Ali
Club de Marrakech. The Marrakesh Street Circuit hosts the World Touring Car Championship,

7. Bab AgnaouMosquée koutoubia
Palmeraie marrakechJardin majorelle
Golf resorts marrakechGare de marrakech
Theater Royal
Jardin de la menara
Aeroport marrakech menara

8. The garden is named after its
founder, the French painter
Jacques Majorelle (1886-1962),
who created it in 1931, inspired by
oases, an Islamic garden and a
Spanish-Hispano-Moorish
garden. Purchased by Yves Saint
Laurent and Pierre Bergé in 1980,
it currently belongs to the Jardin
Majorelle Foundation, and is one
of the high places of tourism in
Morocco with nearly 600,000
annual visitors.
The Jardin Majorelle Foundation
also includes the Yves Saint
Laurent museum in Marrakech,
inaugurated in October 2017.
Jardin MajorelleJardin Majorelle

9. The Ménara is a large garden
planted with olive trees arranged
under the Almoahades dynasty
about 45 minutes walk from the
Jemaa el-Fna square, in the center
of Marrakech, in Morocco. At the
heart of this garden, a large pond
at the foot of a pavilion serves as a
water reservoir for irrigating
crops. It is a very peaceful place,
away from the bustle of the city. It
is therefore a privileged place for
walks.
The basin is supplied with water
thanks to a hydraulic system over
700 years old, which carries water
from the mountains located about
30 km from the city of Marrakech.
This basin allows the irrigation of
the olive grove.
La MénaraLa Ménara

10. The Koutoubia Mosque is a religious building built in the 12th century by
the caliph Abd al-Moumin ibn Ali al-Koumi in Marrakech in Morocco. Its
The Koutoubia mosque, or mosque of booksellers, was started under the
Berber dynasty of the Almoravids in 1120, but was deeply altered from
1162 under the Caliph Almohade Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, and
became one of the most characteristic buildings of this style. Its name
comes from the fact that it was located in the souk of the merchants of
manuscripts.
Mosquée KoutoubiaMosquée Koutoubia

11. jamaa el fnajamaa el fna
Jamaâ El Fna Square dates back to the founding of the city of Marrakech, where it was built during the reign of the Almoravid state during
the nucleus of shopping at that time.
Kings used the square as a large courtyard to show off their armies and stand on the preparations of their forces before launching the
battles to unite cities and countries and wars of independence and since that date it is one of the most important places of tourism in
Marrakech, and a symbol of the city proud of its vitality and attractiveness to Arab and foreign tourists.
The jemaa el fnaa square is the main popular outlet for local residents and tourists in Marrakech, Morocco. It is the beating heart of the
city, where many stalls, vipers, storytellers, and puzzles, as well as musicians, meet.
Place El Fna is located at the entrance to the city of Marrakech and attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world to learn about
the rich heritage that the city enjoys and sit in one of the surrounding cafes or eat an authentic Moroccan meal in the restaurants located
there.

12. the museum of
marrakech
One of the most important places of tourism in Marrakesh,
Morocco, is the marrakech museum, and it is one of the
most distinguished museums in the city, as it includes a
unique collection of exhibits in which contemporary art
tions, coins, pottery and so on.
Marrakesh Museum in the center of Marrakesh, Morocco,
which is near the Ben Youssef religious school and is
considered one of the most important museums of tourism
in Marrakech.
The museum was built at the end of the nineteenth century
by Mehdi Mounebhi, and it is now considered one of the
most important tourism museums in Morocco.
The museum is an example of the beauty of traditional
architecture, and also includes modern and traditional
arts alongside Moroccan art, in addition to historical
books, pottery and old Moroccan coins.

13. Madinah commercial
markets
Madinah commercial
markets
The commercial markets in the old
Medina are considered one of the
most important tourist places in
Marrakech and the most famous
shopping destination in the city, as
the old city is characterized by its
narrow alleys and colorful houses.
The region provides many stores
that sell distinctive souvenirs,
such as shoes, perfumes, copper
antiques, etc. There is also a
leather market where many old
tanneries are located in the area.

14. The Ben Youssef Madrasa School is one of the
best places of tourism in Marrakesh. It is
considered a masterpiece of historical
architecture. It was founded in 1346 AD and
was home to leading scholars and writers who
taught religious, juridical and other sciences,
so it is considered one of the most famous
historical schools of Morocco.
The school today is one of the most important
tourist places in Marrakech. It attracts
the prosperity of Moroccan civilization.
Ben Youssef
School

15. The history of this bahia palace dates back to the era of the Alawite State and is one
of the most important tourist places in Marrakech, Morocco, which attracts tourists
from around the world to learn about the splendor of Moroccan architecture that
appears in the royal wings of the palace, halls, gardens and water basins. Bahia
Palace was built in the nineteenth century and was the seat of the great minister Bou
Ahmed at that time.
Bahia Palace is one of the most important landmarks of tourism in Marrakech, Moroc-
co. The construction of the palace dates back to the era of the Alawite State in the
Arab Maghreb by Minister Ahmed bin Musa.
Bahia Palace includes several pavilions, halls, accessories, basins and gardens, in
addition to the park and garden, which is surrounded by a water tank.
Where the Bahia Palace is one of the most important places of tourism in Morocco
Bahia PalaceBahia Palace

16. The Almoravid dome Almoravid Koubba is
the oldest landmark of Marrakesh, dating
back to the year 1064. It was built during the
reign of Ali Ibn Yusuf as a ablution house for
worshipers in the Jameel Bin Youssef. The
through its solid construction, which was not
to the water delivery system to it, which is
unique in that it crosses the water through it
pipes.
The Almoravid domeThe Almoravid dome

17. Palais El BadiPalais El Badi
The El Badi palace (sometimes spelled El Badiî or El
Badia palace, literally "palace of the incomparable") is an
architectural ensemble built at the end of the 16th century
and located in Marrakech in Morocco. Former palace, it
was built by the Saadian sultan Ahmed al-Mansur
ad-Dhahbî to celebrate the victory over the Portuguese
army, in 1578, in the battle of the Three Kings1. Today,
only an immense esplanade remains, dug with gardens,
planted with orange trees and surrounded by high walls.
Indeed, in 1696, the Alawite sultan Moulay Ismaïl took
what was richer in this palace to build the imperial city of
Meknes.
Since 2011, the El Badi Palace has been used as a stage
for the Marrakech Laughter Festival, organized by Jamel
Debbouze.