Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health disorder characterized by unstable moods, relationships, self-image, and behavior. People with BPD may experience distorted self-image, feelings of emptiness, anger, impulsiveness, mood swings, self-harm, and suicidal thoughts. BPD often begins in adolescence or early adulthood and can continue for many years if not treated. While there is no single known cause of BPD, factors such as genetics, neurotransmitters, neurobiology, and environmental influences during development may play a role.
8. Cont…
• First listed as diagnosable illness in 1980 by
DSM-III
“Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
is a mental health disorder that generates
significant emotional instability. This can lead
to a variety of other stressful mental and
behavioral problems.”
• begin in adolescence or early adulthood,
continue over many years
9. BORDERLINE AND CONDUCT
DISORDER
• On the “borderline” between “neurosis” and
“psychosis”
• Current trend is to call it “Emotional Intensity
Disorder”
17. Cont…
• treatable disorder
• Not all people who harm themselves have
BPD
• People with BPD are not ‘bad’
• they are sometimes labeled as ‘bad,‘
‘manipulative’ or ’attention-seeking’
18. CRITERIA IN DSM-IV TR
Presence of five or more of the following in many
contexts beginning in early adulthood:
• Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
• Unstable interpersonal relationships in which
others are either idealized or devalued
• Unstable sense of self
• Self-damaging, impulsive behaviors in at least
two areas, such as spending, sex,
substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating
19. Cont…
• Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or self-
injurious behavior (e.g., cutting self)
• Chronic feelings of emptiness
• Recurrent bouts of intense or poorly
controlled anger
• During stress, a tendency to experience
transient paranoid thoughts and dissociative
Symptoms.
21. Epidemiology
• 2 % of the general population
• Females 4 times the rate of males
• 11 % of psychiatry outpatients
• 25 % of acute psychiatry inpatients
• 50 % of long term psychiatry inpatients
• 60 % with co-existing Major Depressive Disorder
• 7% complete suicide. ( 7 X General population)
23. ETIOLOGY
Most experts agree there is not one single cause of
borderline personality disorder (BPD). It is likely the
condition is caused by a combination of factors.
• Genetics
• Neurotransmitters
• Neurobiology
• Environmental factors