presentation ON TALL BUILDING

Report
On
High-Rise Building
UG09UG09--0808--0606--028028
SAZZADUR RASHEEDSAZZADUR RASHEED
ANIKA TASNIM ANNANAANIKA TASNIM ANNANA
UG09UG09--0808--0606--028028
UG09UG09--3434--1515--013013
UG09UG09--3535--1515--004004
UG09UG09--3535--1515--016016

STRUCTURALSYSTEM
ELECTRO-MECHANICALFACILITIES
LOCALCASESTUDY
INTERNATIONALCASESTUDY
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
COREDESIGN
STRUCTURALSYSTEM
MECHANICALFACILITIES
PARKING
LOCALCASESTUDY
INTERNATIONALCASESTUDY
BNBCSTANDARD

"A MULTI-STORY STRUCTURE BETWEEN 35–100 METERS TALL, OR A BUILDING OF UNKNOWN HEIGHT
FROM 12–39 FLOORS”.
INTRODUCTION
Buildings higher than 100m is termed as skyscraper.
Buildings 300m or higher is termed as super tall and buildings 600m or taller is termed as mega-tall.
High rise is defined differently by different bodies
 Ancient roman law.
which structure might have reached up to 10 or more stories and having 200 storied called high–rise.
 Empires standards:
“A multi-story structure between 35-100 meters tall, or a building of unknown height from 12-39 floors is termed
as high rise.
 According to the building code of Hyderabad, India, a high-rise building is one with four floors or more, or 15
to 18 meters or more in height.
 United States General Laws A high-rise building higher than 70’ (21m)
 Bangladesh National Building Code A multi-stored building higher than 33m is called by the High-rise Bangladesh National Building Code A multi-stored building higher than 33m is called by the High-rise
building

INTRODUCTION
 High-rise = high-risk
 All high-rise building design will require performance-based (engineered) fire and life safety design.
 The fire resistance of the structure, to larger and longer duration fires, will be a consideration.
Advantage of High-rise building
 The fire resistance of the structure, to larger and longer duration fires, will be a consideration.
 Every year there are about 7,000 fires that break out in high rise office buildings causing deaths, injuries and
millions of dollars in fire damage. Most of these could be eliminated if everyone practiced good fire prevention on the
job and planned ahead for a fire emergency.
 Construction material and fire proofing material will get extra attention
Advantage of High-rise building
 More Natural Light
 Ventilation and Fresh Air
 Less Noise
 Less Congestion
 Safety & Security
 Feel of exclusive living Feel of exclusive living

Human have always admired tall structures since ancient times because of their social
status :
WHY TALL BUILDING
THEY ARE VISIABLE TO ALL .
Their builders were held in the highest respect of their societies, and their structures are the
subjects of legends.
VS
A street of 10 small houses
A 40 story tall building on almost
the same area. (According 200
families)

WHY TALL BUILDING
WORLD POPULATION URBAN TO RURAL RATIO

BANGLADESH POPULATION URBAN TO RURAL RATIO
WHY TALL BUILDING

DEMAND FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDING
 Scarcity of land in urban areas.
 Increasing demand for business & residential space.
WHY TALL BUILDING
 Increasing demand for business & residential space.
 Economic growth
 Technological advancements
 Innovations in Structural system
 Desire for aesthetics in urban settings
 Concept of city skyline
 Cultural significance and prestige
 Human aspiration to build higher.

Time
period
Name Description Image
-Made by NIMROD.
HISTORYHISTORY
ANCIENT
PERIOD
THE TOWER OF
BABEL.
1563
-Made by NIMROD.
-The precise location of the Tower of
Babel remains unknown.
-The building of this temple offended
the gods. In a night they threw down
what had been built. They scattered
them abroad, and made strange theirthem abroad, and made strange their
speech
MEDIEVAL
PERIOD
(3RD
SAN GIMIGNANO HILL
TOWN
-Country – ITALY
-A small town
-- Area- 138 km2 (53.3 Sq. m.)
--Elevation- 324 m (1,063 ft).(3RD
CENTURY
BC.)
TOWN
--72-nos tower.
--Approximately 51 m height.
Historic Centre of San Gimignano

Time period Name Description Image
-Area- YEMEN. -500 nos tower
HISTORYHISTORY
THE 16th
CENTURY THE CITY OF SHIBAM
-The has the tallest mud building in
the world
-- Some of them are 30M(100ft.).
- -The invention of the hydralic lift in
1853.
--The second invention is the iron
skeleton.
MEDIEVAL
PERIOD SAN GIMIGNANO HILL
-Country – ITALY
-A small town
-- Area- 138 km2 (53.3 Sq. m.)
--Elevation- 324 m (1,063 ft).PERIOD
(3RD
CENTURY
BC.)
SAN GIMIGNANO HILL
TOWN
--Elevation- 324 m (1,063 ft).
--72-nos tower.
--Approximately 51 m height.
Historic Centre of San Gimignano

THERE ARE FOUR GENERATION OF HIGH-RISE
BUILDING
GENERATION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING
1st generation high-rise building
The first generation of high rise building ( In the early 20th
century) consisted of a design where the exteriors of the
building were made of stone or brick. Monadnock Building
2nd generation high-rise building
In the second generation of high rise buildings (mid-20th
century) high rise buildings were built by having a skeleton
of steel columns that run through the entire building.of steel columns that run through the entire building.
 Assembly of fire resistance
 Shaft enclosures
 Compartmentalization
 Use of non-combustible materials
The Empire State
building in New York

3rd generation high-rise building
• The exterior wall is either glass or some sort of stone material.
GENERATION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING
• The exterior wall is either glass or some sort of stone material.
• These third-generation buildings can be defined as windowless
as the common HVAC system is used.
4th generation high-rise building
Seas Tower in Chicago
4th generation high-rise building
This generation structures make us see the resurrection of many
features that are seen in the second generation.
Burj Khalifa, Dubai

TYPES OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING
Germany’s First WoodenThe Exchange,Poly Internationalarquitectonica's undulating Germany’s First Wooden
High-Rise
Residential and
apartment buildings.
The Exchange,
Mixed-use buildings
Poly International
Plaza
Office buildings.
arquitectonica's undulating
hotel tower
Hotel buildings.

THERE ARE THREE PARTS OF HIGH-RISE
BUILDING
PART OF HIGH-RISE BUILDING
BUILDING
BODY
HEADER
BASE or PODIUM
BODY

Commonly used structures can be classified into five major categories
 Tensile structures
 Compressive structures
 Trusses
HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
INTERIOR STRUCTURES
 Trusses
 Shear structures
 Bending structure
 RIGID FRAME
 SHEAR WALL STRUCTURE
 OUTRIGGER STRUCTURES
EXTERIOR STRUCURES
Tube system
Diagrid systems
INTERIOR STRUCTURES
Diagrid systems
Space truss
Eco skeleton structure
Super frame structures
EXTERIOR STRUCTURES

INTERIOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
RIGID FRAME SHEAR WALL STRUCTURE OUTRIGGER STRUCTURES
 The moment-resisting frame (MRF)
consists of horizontal(girder) and
 Usually built as the core of the building
Can build up to 35 Floors
 Usually built as the core of the building
 The outriggers are generally in the
vertical (column) members rigidly
Connected together in a planar grid form.
 The size of the columns is mainly
controlled by the gravity loads
 Can build up to 20 to 25 floors
form of trusses (1 or 2 story deep)
 An build up to 150 floors

EXTERIOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Tube system
 The tube is a system where,
Dewitt chestnut
Framed tube
Bank of china
Trussed or braced tube
Burj khalifa
Bundled tube The tube is a system where,
to resist lateral loads (wind, seismic, impact),
a building is designed to act like a hollow cylinder,
Cantilevered perpendicular to the ground.
 The system can be built using steel, concrete, or composite
Construction
Framed tube Trussed or braced tube Bundled tube

EXTERIOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEMEXTERIOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Dia-grid systems Space truss
 Efficiently resists lateral shear by axial forces
in the diagonal members but have Complicated
joints
 Early designs of tall buildings recognized the
 Space truss structures are modified braced
tubes with diagonals connecting the exterior to
interior. In a typical braced tube structure, all the
diagonals, which connect the chord members – Early designs of tall buildings recognized the
effectiveness of diagonal bracing members in
resisting lateral forces.
diagonals, which connect the chord members –
vertical corner columns in general, are located
on the plane parallel to the facades
 However, in space trusses, some diagonals
penetrate the interior of the building.

 Dead load attached
 Live load not attached
LOAD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM :
 Live load not attached
 Environmental load
 Wind
 Earthquake
 Snow, soil pressure, temperature
Building codes-ACI, BNBC, IS, EuroBuilding codes-ACI, BNBC, IS, Euro
code

DEFINITION OF COREDEFINITION OF CORE
 The central of arterial part of a multistory building that
integrates functions and service needs for established
CORE DESIGN
integrates functions and service needs for established
occupants. Such areas are normally composed of toilet
facilities, elevator banks, janitors’ closet, utilities, mechanical
facilities, smoke shafts and stair.
 Core also known as facade envelope is a spatial element for
load-bearing high-rise building system.load-bearing high-rise building system.
CHARACTERISTICCHARACTERISTIC
 Shape of core
 Number of cores
Location of cores Location of cores
 Arrangement of cores
 Geometry of building as generator of core form

THERE ARETHERE ARE SIXSIX TYPES OF SERVICE CORETYPES OF SERVICE CORE
CORE DESIGN
CENTRAL CORE SPLIT ( END) CORE END CORE
OFF CENTER CORE SPLIT CORE ATRIUM CORE

CORE DESIGN
CENTRAL CORE ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGECENTRAL CORE ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE
AdvantageAdvantage
 Allows all window all window space to be utilized as rental
of the building plan will permit offices of verging depths to
receive natural light.
 Extremely convenient of access and in some cases may be
equidistant for all side.
 Simplifies area division & provides good flexibility of tenant
distribution in the some way
 Horizontal utility runs may also relatively equidistant from
the core
DisadvantagesDisadvantagesDisadvantagesDisadvantages
 The central interior location limits the depth of offices in the
mid-zone of each floor
 It requires an access corridor around its perimeter
Beijing Greenland Center
Pedersen

CORE DESIGN
SPLIT ( END) CORESPLIT ( END) CORE
National Commercial Bank Commerzbank Tower

CONTENT
 Electric & Communication Closets
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEM
 Electric & Communication Closets
 Building Orientation
 Insulation and Heat Stores
 Fire Scenario
 Fire Fighting Strategy Fire Fighting Strategy

 Life safety
 Smart security
 More bandwidth, smarter buildings.
Design Requirements
 More bandwidth, smarter buildings.
 More hours of operation, along with more electrical capacity, fiber optic access,
and heating and air conditioning capacity.
 Energy efficient building
 Efficient vertical transportation Efficient vertical transportation
 Smart mechanical systems
Building infrastructure must be well planned to attract tenants
Easy upgrades and retrofitting to accommodate future technologies.

FIRE DESIGN, SAFETY & EXTINGUISHING
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRECLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
FIRE
Fire spread through core Fire safety in planning level
TYPE E
ENERGIZED
ELECTRICITY
An emergency exit in a structure is a special exit for emergencies such as a fire: the combined use of regular
and special exits allows for faster evacuation, while it also provides an alternative if the route to the regular exit is
blocked by fire, etc. It is usually a strategically located outward opening door with a crash bar on it and with exit
signs leading
to it.

LOCATION
SIZE
For less than 150
persons At the other
More than 150
Good & Safe Fire Exit Inside the building
Floor
Floor
Bad & Risky Fire Exit Outside the building
For less than 150
persons At the top
Floor
More than 150
persons At the top
Floor

SIGNAGES/DIRECTIONSSIGNAGES/DIRECTIONS FIRE EXITSFIRE EXITS
Proper signage's and
directions were
provided
on each floor.
 Fire Exist doors are opened by a push bar.
 Speaker were provided on fire exist for guidance in case of
emergency.

SYSTEMS FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHINGSYSTEMS FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS- A fire sprinkler system is anSPRINKLER SYSTEMS- A fire sprinkler system is an
active fire protection measure, consisting of a water supply
system, providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water
distribution piping system, onto which fire sprinklers are
connected. Sprinkler systems provide early fire control or
extinguishment, helping to mitigate the hazards for occupants and
firefighters alike.firefighters alike.
TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMSTYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
 Standpipe system
 Wet standpipe system
 Dry standpipe- system

FIRE DESIGN, SAFETY & EQUIPMENT
EMERGENCY EXITEMERGENCY EXIT
 A fire escape is a special kind of emergency exit, mounted to the
outside of a building.outside of a building.
 Local building codes will often dictate the number of fire exits required
for a building of a given size. This may include specifying the number of Stairs.
 Now-a-days emergency exits are given more important with proper design and colors
codes.

FIRE DESIGN ,SAFETY & EQUIPMENT
Agent Fire Extinguisher Water Mist Fire Extinguisher Water & Foam Stored Pressure Fire
Extinguisher
Wheeled Unit Fire Extinguisher Class K Wet Chemical Fire
Extinguisher
Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher

FIRE DESIGN, SAFETY & EQUIPMENT
Attack Hose Supply and relay Hose
 This hose ranges in nominal inside diameter from  These hoses range in nominal inside diameter from
1.5 to 3 in.
 The standard length is 50 ft. (15.24 m
 These hoses range in nominal inside diameter from
3.5 to 5.0 in.
 The standard length is 100 ft.
Forestry Hose Booster Hose
 Forestry hose comes in 1.0 and 1.5 in
 The standard length is 100 ft
 Booster hose comes in 0.75 and 1.0 in
 The standard length is 100 ft

PARKING
Same entry & exitSeparate entry & exit Width & length of parking space Same entry & exitSeparate entry & exit Width & length of parking space
Single way & one side parking
0° car parking
45° car parking
90° car parking

PARKING
Single way traffic & both side parking
0° car parking 45° car parking 90° car parking0° car parking 45° car parking 90° car parking
Both way traffic & both side parking
0° car parking 45° car parking 90° car parking

BNBC STANDARD FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDING
BOUNDARY WALL:
Maximum height for boundary wall is 2.75m
For front wall, a solid height is 1m & perforated height is
BALCONY:
Railing height of the balcony maximum 1.2m
Balcony must not extend above the set back area.
1.75m.
For side wall solid height is 1.85m & perforated height is
1m.
PODIUM:
The height of the podium will be maximum 12m with
parapet.
CORNICE:
The slab & cornice can be extended max.1m above the
set back area. This rule is applicable only for front side.
The minimum height of the cornice from the ground is 8m.
SUNSHADE:
The sunshade can be extended maximum 0.5m
parapet.
MGC of the podium 75%
GUARD ROOM:
Guard room height will be 2.5m from finished
ground level & the maximum
floor area will be 5sqm.
The sunshade can be extended maximum 0.5m
above the setback area.
RAMP:
Slope of ramp should be 1:8
Preparation length of the ramp should be minimum
4.25m clear height.
STAIR:floor area will be 5sqm.
LIFT:
Lift lobby 1.5m X 1.5m
Lift control switch height 890mm-1200mm
Door width min 800mm
STAIR:
Minimum width of stair 5’ (1.5m)
Railing height of stair is minimum 3’ (0.9m)
Clear height of stair is minimum 7’ (2.10m)

BNBC STANDARD FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDING
EXIT DOOR:
Maximum users no-50 then circulation distance 23m.
Minimum door width 1m and height 2m.
FIRE ESCAPE:
Lift, escalators etc will not count as fire escape elements.
Fire escape should be located on the exterior facade of theMinimum door width 1m and height 2m.
Can not be use sliding and hanging door
Exit door must be open the running way
building.
Fire escape must not route people to basement.
The area of fire escape will count 10sqm for per person.
Minimum width of exit door is 1m & height 2m.FIRE ESCAPE:
Stair width: 1.5m
CORRIDOR & PASSAGE WIDTH:
STAIR:
CORRIDOR & PASSAGE WIDTH:
For more than 50p 1.1m
For less than 50p 0.9m
Exit access corridor minimum fire rating 1hour.
Exit corridor door minimum fire rating ½ hour.
Corridor & passage height 2.4m.
Lift, escalators will not count as fire escape elements.
WIDTH OF STAIR
Commercial building:
Office ----------------------------- 1.50m
Small shop and market---------- 1.50m
Large shop and market---------- 2.00m
Others ----------------------------- 1.50m
Lift, escalators will not count as fire escape elements.
Fire escape should be located on the exterior facade of
the building.
Fire escape must not route people to basement.
TRADE & RISER:
Riser --------------------- 175mm - (max)
Trade --------------------- 225mm. (min)
Head room----------------------- 2.15m
Hand rail ------------------------- 0.90m

LOCAL CASE STUDYLOCAL CASE STUDY
Project name :One One Seven TowerProject name :One One Seven Tower
Location : Tejgaon industrial area,Tejgaon,
Dhaka.
Architects : Mohammad Foyez Ullah
Basement : 3 Nos.
No of Floor : G+13No of Floor : G+13
Consultant :VolumeZero.
Building types : Commercial building.

One One Seven Tower
Core
Drive way
Car Parking
Electro-Electro-
Mechanical

OneOne OneOne Seven TowerSeven Tower
Core
Drive way
Car Parking
Toilet zoneToilet zone

MERITS & DIMERITSMERITS & DIMERITS
MERITS
 Grand and direct entry to the complex.
 Service cores are well lighted and natural ventilated
 Exterior view expresses post slab structure system
 Fire safety are available at all floors
 Front façade used to the double screen
DIMERITSDIMERITS
Lift lobby is insufficient
 Commercial lift service is insufficient
 Narrow fire escape stairs.
 Incorrect leveling in basement floors Incorrect leveling in basement floors
 Toilets are not available in this tower.
 No service entry.
 Car ramp ratio is 1:8 but in this building ramp ratio is 1:7

Project name :Rangs RD Tower
Location : Gulshan-1 Avenue
Architects : Mustafa Khalid Palash
Basement floor : 3 Nos.
No of Floor : G+13
Consultant : Vistara Architect
Building types : Commercial building.

LOCAL CASE STUDY
RangsRangs Rd TowerRd Tower
Core
Drive way
Car Parking
Electro-
mechanicalmechanical

LOCAL CASE STUDY
RangsRangs RD TowerRD Tower
Core
Drive way
Car Parking
Electro-
mechanical
Drivers Waiting System Air Electrical Sub Station

LOCAL CASE STUDY
RangsRangs RD TowerRD Tower
Core
Office space

MERITS & DIMERITS
MERITS
 Front façade are used horizontal shading louver.
 This building decorous for both side. This building decorous for both side.
DIMERITS
Lift lobby is insufficient
Incorrect leveling in basement floors
 Toilets are not available in this tower. Toilets are not available in this tower.
.

LOCAL CASE STUDY
Project name :Navana Yusuf Tower
Location : Mohakhali,Tejgaon, Dhaka.
Architects : Mohammad Foyez Ullah
Basement floor : 3 Nos.Basement floor : 3 Nos.
No of Floor : G+13
Consultant :VolumeZero.
Building types :Commercial building.

NavanaNavana Yusuf TowerYusuf Tower
Core
Parking
Drive way
Electro-Mechanical
Basement Floor Plan

MERITS & DIMERITS
MERITS
DIMERITS
Lift lobby is insufficientLift lobby is insufficient
Incorrect leveling in basement floors
 Toilets are not available in this tower.
.

INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDYINTERNATIONAL CASE STUDYINTERNATIONAL CASE STUDYINTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY

INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
Architects :Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos
Location :Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
Founder Architect :Javier Sordo Madaleno Bringas
Area :57970.0 m2
Project Name : Americas 1500
Project Year :2017.
Building Types : commercial and mixed-use
Construction :Constructora Anteus

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN 1Ground FLOOR PLAN TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN 2
TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN HOTEL ROOFTOP FLOOR PLAN SECTION B-B”
CORE
OFFICE AREA

MERITS & DIMERITS
MERITS
Direct entry to the complex.
The structural design is based on post-tensioned concrete slabs
and a central circulation core.
 The solar gain the building will receive on three of its four sides
was one of the most significant design challenges.
 The building presents a façade resembling a double skin,
enveloping it for its protection..
 This building decorous for both side.

Architects :SOM (skidmore, owings + merril)
Location : Seoul, South Korea
Total Floor : 64
Area : 170 000 m2
Project Name : Diagonal Tower
Building Types : commercial and mixed-use

INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDYINTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
GYM FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 8 LEVEL 13GYM FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 8 LEVEL 13
LEVEL 24 LEVEL 25 SECTION A-A’

INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDYINTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
MERITS & DIMERITS
MERITS
 A modern take on structural expressionism.
 From structural and energy efficiency to reduced construction costs
that the tower
 The exterior wall utilizes three layers of glass instead of the typical
two to decrease energy loss through the façade.
.

Architects : Goettsch Partners
Location : 150 N Riverside Plaza, Chicago,
60606, United States60606, United States
Total Floor : 54
Area : 136.0 m2
Project Name : 150 North Riverside
Building Types : commercial

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 7-12 FLOOR PLAN
FOURTEEN FLOOR PLAN

Architects :Tvsdesign
Location :Dubai - United Arab Emirates
Associate Architects :DEWAN Architects+Engineers
Architect Incharge :Brooke Taylor, Jay ThomsonArchitect Incharge :Brooke Taylor, Jay Thomson
Area :650000.0 ft2
Project Year :2015

CoreCore
Office space

MERITS & DEMERITS
MERITS
DEMERITS
 Disturbing column on the entrance of the main lift core Disturbing column on the entrance of the main lift core
 Lift lobby is insufficient
 Commercial lift service is insufficient
 Narrow fire escape stairs.
 Incorrect leveling in basement floorsIncorrect leveling in basement floors
 Toilets are not available at every shopping complex floors
 No service entry.
 Standard ramp ratio is 1:8 but in this building ramp ratio is 1:7

CONCULATIONCONCULATION
With the present technology and known materials , it is possible to build more higher and
faster.faster.
 It is now possible to build skyscrapers so fast using pre- fabricated units that it can lead
to environmental problems, stress on resources and overcrowding if not controlled.
 To build higher the base of the building will have to be made wider. The bundled tube
system was a great innovation and was able to span great heights during it's time , tosystem was a great innovation and was able to span great heights during it's time , to
attain the height of burj khalifa the bundled tube system will need a bigger base when
compared with the buttressed core system.
 New improved structural systems and new materials in the future can lead us to even
greater heights and more stable buildings. It’s not technology holding buildings back. It’s
money.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 www.pinterest.com
 www.archdaily.com www.archdaily.com
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.slideshare.net
 www.volumezeroltd.com
 www.delvistaa.com
 www.rangsproperties.com
 www.navana-realestate.com www.navana-realestate.com
Specially thanks our honorable class teacher
SAZZADUR RASHEED
&
ANIKA TASNIM ANNANAANIKA TASNIM ANNANA

presentation ON TALL BUILDING

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