1. A questionnaire is a research instrument
consisting of a series of questions and
other prompts for the purpose of
gathering information from respondents.
Although they are often designed
for statistical analysis of the responses,
this is not always the case. The
questionnaire was invented by Sir Francis
Galton

2. There are three main elements:
 The cover letter.
 The instructions.
 The main body.

3. The cover letter must have the following
details;
 The main objectives and social
significance of the study;
 The research team and its sponsors;
 The reasons why the respondent should
complete the questionnaire;
 Assurance of anonymity and
confidentiality;
 Requirements for completion such as
maximum time, conditions, etc;
 Issues related to ethics.

4.  How to fill the questionnaire?
 To remind the Ethics.
 To request the respondents not to please
the researcher.

5.  Itincludes questions.
 Be careful with regard to;
 Content.
 Structure.
 Format.
 Wording.
 Flow.

6.  Itrefers to the general model which
provides guidelines on hoe the questions
should be placed?
 Logical Order
 Transition and Flow

7.  Funnel Format
 Inverted Funnel Format
 Diamond Format
 X-Format
 Box Format
 Mixed Format

8. The process of questionnaire construction
goes through a number of interrelated
steps as;
Step 1: Preparation:
 Decision for the most suitable type of
questionnaire.
 Determine the way how it will be
managed?
 Literature Review.
 Proper Guidance from the Experts.

9.  Formulation of the material.
 Implementation of decided method of
questionnaire.
 Secondary and tertiary questions.

10. Testing of ;
 Relevance
 Symmetry
 Clarity
 Simplicity
 Accordance with the basic rules.

11.  Expert’s inspection And suggestions.
 Addition….
 Deletion….
 Changing…

12.  After changing …Re-examination by the
experts.
 Implementation of the final changes.

13.  Selection of the small sample.
 Filling up of the questionnaire.
 Analysis of the data.

14.  Revision of the minor changes by the
researcher himself.
 Revision of the major changes by the
help of experts.

15.  Revised questionnaire filling.
 Data analysis.
 Adjustments & revision.

16.  Editorial work.
 Checking for spelling mistakes.
 Legibility.
 Instructions.
 Space for responses.
 Scaling issues
 General presentation.

17.  Primary Questions
• Directly related, as
 “Who is boss in your home?”
 Secondary Questions
• Provides info on secondary issues

18.  Tertiary Questions
• Padding Questions (Breather)
• Probes (Stimulating)
 Direct Questions
• Do you believe in god?
 Indirect Questions
• Do u think that ppl of ur age and status
believe in god?

19.  Suggestive Questions
 Filter and contingency Questions
 Fixed alternative & Open ended

20.  Well presented, easy to follow.
 Good response categories
 Clear instructions
 Space for answers
 Relevancy
 Ambiguity
 What not to ask?
 The language

21.  Logical progression
 Professional appearance
 Print and colors
 The size
 Ethics