About and Famous 4 buildings of FL Wright

1. BY – REVATHI KUMARI (1AN15AT024)
SANDHYA (1AN15AT025)
5TH SEM , B.ARCH
AAAD

2.  Frank Lloyd Wright (born Frank Lincoln Wright, June 8, 1867 – April
9, 1959) was an American architect, interior designer, writer and
educator, who designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which
were completed.
 Wright believed in designing structures that were in harmony with
humanity and its environment.
 Influenced by the British Art and Craft Movement.
 Influenced European modern architects.
 Known for ‘Pairie Style’ architecture.
• He created the philosophy of ‘Organic Architecture’, which
maintains that the building must develop out of its
surroundings.
• The philosophy grew from the ideas of his mentor Louis
Sullivan, who believed that “form follows function” , but he
argued that “form and function are one” naturally form does
so.
• He was not concerned with architectural style because he
believed that every building should grow naturally from its
environment.

3. ROBIE HOUSE
 The Frederick C. Robie House is a U.S. national historic
landmark on the campus of the University of Chicago in the
in Chicago, Illinois.
 Built between 1909 and 1910, the building was designed by
architect Frank Lloyd Wright and is renowned as the greatest
example of the Parairie School style, the first architectural
style considered uniquely American.
• Prairie School was a late 19th- and early 20th-century architectural style, most common to
the Midwestern United States.
• The style is usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, windows
grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape, solid construction, craftsmanship, and discipline in
the use of ornament.
• The Prairie School developed in sympathy with the ideals and design aesthetics of the Arts and Crafts Movement
• The Prairie School shared an embrace of handcrafting and craftsman guilds as a reaction against the
new assembly line, mass production manufacturing techniques, which they felt created inferior products and
dehumanized workers.
• The Prairie School was also an attempt at developing an indigenous North American style of architecture that did
not share design elements and aesthetic vocabulary with earlier styles of European classical architecture.

4. INTERIOR
• In plan, the house is designed as two large rectangles
that seem to slide by one another.
• Mr. Wright referred to the rectangle on the southwest
portion of the site, which contains the principal living spaces
of the house, as "the major vessel."
• The rectangle on the northeast portion of the site, called
"the minor vessel," contains the more functional and
service-related rooms of the house. On the first floor is the
main door and entrance hall (west end) from which a
stairway leads to the second floor living and dining rooms.
• Materials repeated on inside
creates texture- Hormonious use
of materials.
• Ceiling , wall and floor planes all
emphasize the horizontal.
• Vertical panes in contrast to the
horizontal effect created by
repetition of windows.

5. EXTERIOR
Even though the horizontal plane is
the dominant characteristic of
Wright's designs there is still a
complex arrangement of space as
demonstrated by the 3-dimensional
quality of the facade.
• Broad, gently sloping roofs with low chimneys, balconies and terraces extending in several directions.
• Emphasis on natural materials-woods stone. Leaded windows patterned with colored glass.
Bands of casement windows.
• Wood strips to emphasize structural elements horizontal lines.
windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape.
• solid construction & indigenous materials.
• Chicago common brick core with a red-orange iron-spotted
Roman brick veneer was used for construction.
• To further emphasize the horizontal of the bricks, the
horizontal joints were filled with a cream-colored mortar and
the small vertical joints were filled with brick-colored mortar.
From a distance, this complex and
expensive tuckpointing creates an impression of continuous
lines of horizontal color and minimizes the appearance of
individual bricks.

6. FALLING WATER
• Fallingwater or the Kaufmann Residence is a house designed by architect Frank
Lloyd Wright in 1935 in rural southwestern Pennsylvania
• The home was built partly over a waterfall on Bear Run in the Mill Run section
• The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.
• One problem of building was that the north bank of Bear Run was not large
enough to provide a foundation for a typically built Wright house.
A cantilevered structure was used to address this.
• The house is well-known for its connection to the site; it is built on top of an
active waterfall which flows beneath the house.
• The fireplace hearth in the living room integrates boulders found on the site and
upon which the house was built — ledge rock which protrudes up to a foot
through the living room floor was left in place to demonstrably link the outside
with the inside.
• The stone floors are waxed, while the hearth is left plain, giving the
impression of dry rocks protruding from a stream.
• Bedrooms are small, some with low ceilings to encourage people
outward toward the open social areas, decks, and outdoors

7. • Wright had planned in the beginning to have the house blend into its
natural settings in rural Pennsylvania. In doing this, he limited his color
choices to two colors, light ochre for the concrete and his signature
Cherokee red for the steel.
• On the hillside above the main house stands a four-bay carport,
servants' quarters, and a guest house. The guest quarters feature a
spring-fed swimming pool which overflows and drains to the river
below.
• From the cantilevered living room, a
stairway leads directly down to the stream
below, and in a connecting space which
connects the main house with the guest
and servant level, a natural spring drips
water inside, which is then channeled
back out.
• Columns and beams to form porches, and the plates, the horizontal elements that stretch as terraces on the waterfall, were
made of concrete

8. BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN
MAIN FLOOR PLAN
SECOND FLOOR PLAN THIRD FLOOR PLAN
SECTION

9. GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM

10. INTRODUCTION
Architect Frank lloyd wright
Location 1071 fifth avenue, newyork
Date 1956-1959
Building type Art museum
Construction system Reinforced concrete
Style Contemporary style
Annual visitors 3 millions
-Solomen R. Guggenheim museum is the first permanent museum (rather than converted
from a private house) built in usa.
-Frank was commissioned to design a building to house the museum of non-objective
painting.
-This building was immediately recognized as an architectural landmark and most important
building of FL wright’s late career.

11. CONCEPT OF GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM
 Its design was inspired by a “ziggurat” Babylonian temple pyramid, inverted.
 The principle “form and function are one” . According is wright’s design, visitors would enter the
building, take an elevator to the top and enjoy continuous art-viewing experience while
descending along the spiral ramp.

12. Use of geometric form in plan
 Most buildings contain interior spaces that are rectilinear and for wright,
geometry is the basic building of nature.
 Frank Lloyd wright thought in curves and straight lines wjich is helding
symbolic significance i.e,
 Triangles-for structural unity
 Circles –suggested infinity
 Spiral – organic process
 Square –integrity

13. Plan and section details
 rising 92' in height to an expansive glass dome.
 Along the sides of this atrium is a continuous ramp
uncoiling upwards six stories for more than one-quarter
of a mile, allowing for one floor to flow into another.
 The ramp also creates a procession in which a visitor
experiences the art displayed along the walls as they
climb upwards towards the sky.
 The design of the museum as one continuous floor with
the levels of ramps overlooking the open atrium also
allowed for the interaction of people on different
levels, enhancing the design in section.
section
plan

14. JOHNSON WAX TOWER

15. INTRODUCTION
 Wright wanted it to be a “living” building, a free and open space
that would be a stimulating place of work. Later , he said of this
building “there in the Johnson building you catch no sense of
enclosure whatever at any angle, top or sides… interior space
comes free, you are not aware of any boxing in at all. Restricted
space simply is not there. Right there where you’ve always
experienced this interior construction you take a look at the sky!”
 Wright was inspired to create the dendriform columns by observing
that tress in a forest generate space and allows light to enter easily
 this is the world headquarters and administration building
 The Johnson building and tower are on the register of national
historic places.