Backing Up the MySQL Database

Backing Up the MySQL
Database
Sanjay Manwani
MySQL India Director

Program Agenda
 Understanding Backup
 MySQL Enterprise Backup (MEB)
 Backup Strategies
 What’s New in MEB 3.9

Understanding Backup

Why Backup is important
 Audits
 Disasters
 Is HA setup a backup ?
 Is LVM a backup ?

Types of Backup and Tools for these types
 Logical
– Mysqldump
– Mysqldbexport/import
 Physical
– MySQL Enterprise Backup (MEB)

Logical Backup
 Advantages
– Easy of use - simple commands allow you to easily backup and restore
– Good for small database or tables – minimum impact on backup and
restore performance
– Flexibility – logical backup allows you to choose what you want to backup
and not backup. Change the scripts to restore partially etc.
– Readability - Good assurance that database files are not corrupt - all the
data is read and it is read using standard SQL queries.
Collection of SQL Queries to recreate the database

Logical Backup
 Disadvantages
– Not an online solution - write operations are locked while performing the
backup, thereby blocking use of the database.
– Poor performance for larger databases – backup and especially restore
times are very slow for larger databases.
– Not consistent – database won’t necessarily be restored to a consistent
state.
– No incremental backup – all backups are full backups, can be time
consuming and require more storage.
Collection of SQL Queries to recreate the database

Physical Backup (MEB)
 Advantages
– Performance –faster for backups and faster for restore
– Flexible – support for incremental backups, partial backups, backup
compression, point in time recovery and more.
– Archival Backups – suitable archival format for historical purposes
– Scalable – performance is near linear for larger databases.
– Consistent – delivers consistent point in time recovery
Copy of the internal files that constitute the MySQL database

Physical v/s Logical
Backup
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
Comparison Summary

MySQL Enterprise Backup

MEB Backup
 Full Backup
 Incremental Backup – File based
and Redo log only
 Compressed Backup
 Backup to Single File/Image
 Backup to tape
 Partial Backup
What is methods are available to choose from

MEB – Apply log
 InnoDB consists of pages with
information about the LSN
number applicable to the page
 Applylog scans the InnoDB redo
log and applies the relavant
changes to the InnoDB page and
upto the correct LSN to be
applied
The intermediate step

MEB – Recovery
 Copyback
 New! copyback-and-apply-log
 Validate
Recovery is what is important

MEB Single image manipulation
 validate
– Ensure that the checksums are consistent
 list image
– Find the files that this image contains
 Extract
– Extract files from the image
 image-to-backup-dir
– Extract the full image into a directory
 backup-dir-to-image
– Convert a backup directory into a image
Manage the backup archive/image

Some internal performance benchmarks
 1.2 TB of Data was generated using TPC-H
 Linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 OEL6.2/64 32 GB, 8 x 3000 MHz (8), 2X2 TB 2X1TB Disk, 1
Graphs
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time (mm:ss)
Avg CPU%
Avg USER%
Avg. SYS%
Avg IOWAIT%
Compressed Image
Compress
Image
Backup

MEB External Interaction
 Tape and Backup Solutions
– Oracle secure backup
– Netbackup
 Workbench
– Scheduling
– Monitoring
 MySQL Enterprise Monitor
– Advisors
MEB integrates with external products

SBT Interface
Tape and Backup Solutions

Oracle Secure Backup
Tape and Backup Solutions
 A general-purpose network
data protection tool that
simplifies and automates
the backup and restore of
files on a file system.
 A media management
layer for Recovery
Manager through the SBT
interface.
 Integrates with a wide
variety of tertiary devices

Workbench
MEB & Workbench
 Integrates with
MEB
 Allows setup of
automatic backup
schedules

Workbench
MEB & Workbench
 Allows some
options
 Keeps information
about backups

Workbench
MEB & Workbench
 Helps setup and
validates the
setup
 Helps in recovery

MEM – MySQL Enterprise Monitor
 Integrates with MEB
 Generates events if
the backup is not
taken within specified
amount of time
MEB advisors in MEM

MEM
 Allows thresholds to be
set
 Advises users to backup
within their thresholds
MEB advisors in MEM

Backup Strategies

Backup Strategies
 Always need to be tailored based on environment
– data growth, read v/s write usage, size of DB, user base, distribution
 Based on backup policies of your organization
 Account for spurts in data growth
 Account for schema modification – Before and after
 Needs to take into account quiet periods
 Needs to take into account your H/W and storage infrastructure
 IMPORTANTLY – Based on your restore requirement
.
A comprehensive plan for backup and recovery

Example Backup Strategy

Example Recovery Strategy
Recover
log to Full
Backup
• For past 3 days
Recover
Incremental
Backup
• 3 days to 1 week
Archive
Backup
• Archive full
backups more
than 1 week old
to tape.
• Delete backups
more than 6
months old

Validate
No backup strategy is complete without validating backup
Validate
by MEB
command
• Every week
Validate
by
reinstall
• Every
month
Reinstall
and run
regression
• Every 2
months

What’s New in MEB 3.9

What’s New in MEB
 New! Single Step
– Restore directly.
 New! Full Instance
– Config/Settings/…
 New! Selective
– Leverages TTS
– Great for large tables
 New! Skip Unused Pages
– Reduces space
 Continuous progress
– %, Bytes, Status
 Monitor disk space
– Optional actions
 Warn & Retry, Abort, Remove
Usability, usability usability

Selective backup with TTS
 MySQL 5.6 feature : Transportable Table spaces
– Online table portability : Import/Export
 Why use with MEB
– Locking time
– Ease of use
What is TTS, why better than normal partial backup

Skip Unused pages
 InnoDB files don’t shrink
 A small DB has many unused pages
 There is a performance penalty
Cleaning up before a backup

References
 MySQL Enterprise Backup: Product Information
– www.mysql.com/products/enterprise/backup.html
 MySQL Enterprise Backup Team Blog
– https://blogs.oracle.com/mysqlenterprisebackup/
 MySQL Enterprise Backup: Documentation
– dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-enterprise-backup/3.9/en/index.html
 How Do I get it
– https://edelivery.oracle.com
 Support and patches (My Oracle Support = MOS)
– https://support.oracle.com

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Backing Up the MySQL Database

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