This document summarizes Nepal's malaria control program. It began in 1950 with the goal of eradicating malaria through efforts of the USOM and WHO. The program's vision is a malaria-free Nepal by 2025. Its goals include sustaining zero malaria deaths by 2012, reducing indigenous cases by 90% by 2018, and receiving WHO certification of being malaria-free by 2025. Major recent activities included distributing over 400,000 long-lasting insecticide nets, introducing case-based surveillance, and orientating health workers on elimination efforts. The program's management employs strategies like vector control, early diagnosis and treatment, epidemic preparedness, and behavior change communication.

1. MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAMME
Prepared by: Sanskriti Ojha
BSC Nursing

2. INTRODUCTION
Malaria control program was first started in Nepal in 1950 from Hetauda
with the purpose to prove the malaria survival. with the help of USOM(United
States Operations Mission) and WHO, on 1958 dec 4, the malaria eradication
programme was initiate to eradicate malaria.
This was free organization under the chairmanship of health minister. As per
the recommendations of USAID(The United States Agency for International
Development) and WHO, the programme was changed to malaria
eradication to malaria control.

3. NATIONAL MALARIA STRATEGIC PLAN 2014-2025
Vision
Malaria –free Nepal in 2025
Mission
To empower the health staff and the communities at risk of
malaria to contribute towards the vision of malaria –free Nepal in
2025.

4. Goals
To sustain zero death due to malaria from 2012 onwards.
To reduce the incidence of indigenous malaria cases by
90% by 2018(relative to 2012);
To reduce number of VDCs having indigenous malaria
cases by 70% by 2018( relative to 2012);
To receive WHO certification of malaria free status by
2025.

5. MAJOR ACTIVITIES IN 2073/74
 413403 LLIN(Long-lasting insecticides nets)was distributed
mass distribution and 55919 LLIN was distributed to
pregnant women at their first ANC visits.
 Conducted the ward –level micro-satisfaction of malaria
cases in 44 districts.
 Introduced case-based surveillance system, including
web-based recording and reporting system for districts.
 Conducted a national malaria vector survey.

6. Orientated district and peripheral level health workers on case
based surveillance and response.
Carried out detailed foci investigation at more than four sites.
Conducted G6PD deficiency prevalence study across 30 wards in
54 high risk VDCs.
Orientated district health workers and FCHVs on the
government`s malaria elimination initiative and their role in
detecting cases and facilitating early treatment.
Orientated mother groups and school children on malaria
prevention and the need for early diagnosis and prompt
treatment.

7. Conducted regular vector control(indoor residual
spraying)bianually across high and moderate risk districts.
Conducted detailed case based investigation and fever
surveys around positive index cases.
Conducted integrated entomological surveillance around
twelve different site of thought-out the country.
Celebrated world malaria day on 25April.

8. MANAGEMENT OF MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAM
Basically four strategic implementations have been put
forwarded for malaria control namely ; vector control and
personal protection, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment,
epidemic preparedness, behavioral change communication and
improving programme management.
Vector control and personal protection:
It includes indoor
residual spraying and distribution of free LLINs particularly to
pregnant women. At present only alphacypermethrin and
pyrethoid group of insecticides are used for IRS in nepal.
Alphacypermethrin protects vector for three months and two
rounds(may/june-aug/sept) are conducted.

9. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment:
RDT(Rapid Diagnostic Test)
and microscopy are used as a major way for the diagnosis of malaria. All
malaria medicines are provided at free of cost through FCHVs. ACT(Artemisinin
-based combination therapy) is provided as a laboratory confirmed falciparum
cases throughout the country.
Malaria surveillance and epidemic preparedness:
For this stock of RDT,
drugs and insecticides are made to be available at regional levels and its
resistance is conducted regularly at the BCC. The communication strategy
includes five methodologies; interpersonal communications, primary and
secondary education, mass media, campaigns and high level advocacy.

10. Improving programme management:
This includes
training of personnel, staffs, advisory groups, meeting with
neighbouring countries, and developing the research
center in Hetauda for vector borne disease including
malaria.

11. THANK YOU