1. Government Tool Room & Training Centre, Chikodi
Diploma in Tool and Die Making
“Jigs and Fixture”
4th semester
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Unit-01 Introduction

2. Jigs and Fixture
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3. Introduction
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The successful running of any mass production depends upon the
interchangeability to facilitate easy assembly and reduction of unit
cost.
JIG: A Jig is defined as a device, which holds and locates a work piece,
guides and controls one or more cutting tools.
FIXTURE: A Fixture is defined as a device, which holds and locates a
work piece during an inspection or for a manufacturing operation. The
Fixture does not guide the tool
A jig is a guiding device and a fixture a holding device.
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Conventional drilling machine without using any fixture or
jig,
The following elementary steps are to be sequentially followed
 Cleaning and de burring the blank (disc)
 Marking on the blank showing the location of the hole and its axis on
the blank
 Punch the center at the desired location and prick punch the periphery
of the hole to be made in the disc
 Mount the blank in a drilling vice using parallel block, a small Vee block
etc. to provide support and clamp the blank firmly.
 Position the vice along with the marked blank to bring the hole axis in
alignment with the drill axis.
 If error, like eccentricity, is found to occur then readjustment
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5. Purposes of Jigs and Fixture
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 To eliminate marking, punching, positioning, alignments etc.
 Easy, quick and consistently accurate locating, supporting and
clamping the blank in alignment of the cutting tool
 Guidance to the cutting tool like drill, reamer etc.
 Increase in productivity and maintain product quality
consistently
 To reduce operator’s labour and skill – requirement
 To reduce measurement and its cost
 Enhancing technological capacity of the machine tools
 Reduction of overall machining cost and also increase in inter
changeability.
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6. Inter-changeability
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Random and fit them together parts, the
ability to select components .
Any part or component picked at random from
a manufactured lot should fit and function
properly with any other part with which it is
required to be fitted, picked at random from a
lot manufactured
The advantages of interchangeable
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7. Differences between Jigs and Fixture
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8. Types of Production
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• piece production
• Batch Production
• Mass Production
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9. ECONOMY AND COST
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How to determine type of jig or fixture that is to be made
In some instances, the cost of an operation can be reduced
by using a more efficient tool though expensive. Increased
accuracy and interchangeability secured through the use of a
more efficient tool design, warrants a greater cost.
How to determine type of jig or fixture that is to be made
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10. Problems
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Design considerations for jigs and fixtures
(1) Study of the component/work piece.
(2) Locating elements.
(3) Clamping arrangement.
(4) Loading and unloading arrangement.
(5) Clearance required between the Jig and the component.
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Elements of jigs & fixture
Locating Elements These position the work piece accurately
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Clamping Elements:
The forces exerted by the clamps hold a part securely in the fixture against
all other external forces.
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Tool guiding and Setting Elements:
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Fixture / Base Body
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Materials for jigs and Fixture
High Speed Steels (HSS)
Hot Die Steels (HDS)
Carbon Steels
Mild Steel
Cast Iron
Phosphor Bronze
Nylon and Fiber
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Advantages of jigs and fixtures
1. Eliminates the efforts of marking
2.Before the operation work piece and tool are relatively
located at their exact positions
3. It reduces the production cycle time so increases production
capacity.
4. No need to examine the quality of produce
provided
Productivity: Inter changeability
Skill reduction Cost reduction:
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Disadvantages of Jigs and Fixture
Designs are complicated Manufacturing of jigs and fixture
cost adds
Applications
External-machining applications -Flat-Surface Machining-Milling fixtures
Cylindrical-Surface Machining: Lathe fixtures,
Internal-machining applications
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NON-MACHINING APPLICATIONS:
Assembly - Welding fixtures, Mechanical-assembly fixtures
(Riveting, stapling, stitching, pinning, etc.), Soldering fixtures
• Inspection: Mechanical-inspection fixtures, Optical-
inspection fixtures, Electronic-inspection fixtures
• Finishing: Painting fixtures, Plating fixtures, polishing
fixtures, lapping fixtures, Honing fixtures
• Miscellaneous: Layout templates, Testing fixtures, Heat-
treating fixtures
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