Evolution of Rail Transport in India

1. RAIL TRANSPORTS
-EVOLUTION,TYPES &EMERGING
TRENDS
STS 501

2. EVOLUTION OF RAIL TRANSPORT
 The First trains, known as wagonways were used in Germany during 1550’s
for transporting mining minerals like coal and ores . These primitive railed roads
consist of wooden rail and wagonways were pulled by horse
 In 1776,During the industrial revolution the wooden rail and wheels were replaced with
Iron, but were still pulled by horse
 In 1792 ,After industrial revolution John Fitch designed and built the first Steam Powered
Locomotive. In 1804, Richard Trevithick built the first fully functional full scale steam powered
locomotive
 In 1837, The first experimental electric locomotive was built by Robert Davidson and it was
powered by galvanic cell .The first electric passenger train was built by Werner von Siemens in
1879
 In 1930’s steam and electric locomotives were dieselized

3. EVOLUTION OF RAIL TRANSPORT IN INDIA
 The history of rail transport in India began in the mid-nineteenth century.
 This was mainly aimed at transporting the soldiers, raw cottons, Royal mails etc.
 The country's first railway, built by the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR),
opened in 1853, between Bombay and Thane.
 The first railway service started on 16th April in 1853 from Bombay and Thane,
to cover a distance of 34km with 14 coaches and 400 passengers
 A British engineer, Robert Maitland Brereton, was responsible for the expansion
of the railways from 1857 onwards
 Indian Railways formed by the combination of 42 railways owned by the former
Indian Princely States

4. About INDIAN RAILWAYS
 Indian Railway is the largest railway in Asia and the fourth most heavily used
system in the world,
 It carries about 16 million passengers a day
 It is the world’s largest employer
 The Railways have a complex system of suburban systems, the Metro rails,
the zonal railways, Inter-city trains, and the long distance Expresses, Intra-regional
passenger trains, Luxury Trains, Goods Carrier Trains etc.

5. TYPES OF TRAINS ANS RAILWAYS IN INDIA

6. Toy Trains
 These trains, operating on narrow-gauge tracks - hence the name toy
trains
 Laid during the British days
 Link stations in the plains to hill stations
 Run on a historic path carved through the mountains passing through
scenic valleys exposing views of beauty.
Five most historic toy trains:
1. Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, West Bengal
2. Kalka-Shimla Railway, Himachal Pradesh
3. Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Tamil Nadu
4. Matheran Hill Railway, Maharashtra
5. Kangra Valley Railway, Himachal Pradesh

7. Rajdhani Express
 A series of express passenger train services connecting the national
capital ‘New Delhi’ with the capital or major cities of various states
 They are fully air-conditioned
 Gets the highest priority on the Indian railway network
 Passengers are served meals during the journey,
including morning tea, breakfast, lunch, high tea
and dinner
 All Rajdhani Express trains offer three classes of
accommodation:
AC First , AC 2-tier, AC 3-tier
 Currently there are 24 pairs of trains

8. Tejas Express
 India’s first semi-high speed fully air-conditioned train
 Runs between Karmali (Goa) and Mumbai CSMT
 The train has 20 coaches. It has one executive AC chair car with 56 seating
capacity and 12 AC chair cars with 78 seat capacity of each coach.
 Provides amenities like
• On-board Infotainment
• Wi-Fi
• CCTV
• Fire And Smoke Detection Facilities
• Tea And Coffee Vending Machine
• Bio-vacuum Toilets
• Water Level Indicators
• Tap Sensors
• Hand Dryers etc.

9. Gatimaan Express
 Known to be the fastest train of India
 Runs between Hazrat Nizamuddin Railway Station
and Agra Cantonment Railway Station
 Express has a total of 10 coaches, two are Executive
AC Chair Car and eight AC Chair Car coaches
 Each coach with one female and one male host along with overall, three managers
 The train includes two restaurants, provides Indian and other popular world cuisine
 Provides amenities like
• on-board infotainment
• Automatic fire alarm
• Emergency braking system
• Free Wi-fi availability
• Hotspot and Multimedia services
• Bio-toilets

10. Duronto Express
 Long-distance non stop trains
 Services connect the metros and major
state capitals of India
 Only train to offer Rajdhani service in 4 types of classes
 A feature exclusive to the Duronto is the LHB SLEEPER (Linke Hofmann Busch)
 Provide faster connectivity in less price to that of Rajdhani Express
 There are five different classes of accommodation ;
First AC, Two-tier AC, Three-tier AC, Economy Three-tier AC and Non-AC Sleeper
 Passengers are served meals during the journey, including morning tea, breakfast,
lunch, high tea and dinner

11. Double Decker Express
 Fully air-conditioned two floor express trains
 They have high priority and are considered
among fast trains in India.
 There are two classes offered in the train ;
AC chair car, AC Executive chair car
 Passengers are served meals during the journey, at an additional cost

12. Garib Rath Express
 The Garib Rath Express trains are very popular
as they provide air conditioned coaches to passengers
 Garib Rath means “Poor man’s chariot”
 They provide quality coaches at half the price of a normal air conditioned ticket.
 Only seating and three-tier accommodation is provided in Garib Rath
 The passengers are not provided with free bedding or food.
 There are 26 Garib Rath Express train services in India

13. Shatabdi Express
 Shatabdi Express trains are a series of fast passenger
trains connects Metro cities with other cities.
 Shatabdi Express are day-trains and they return to the
station of origin the same day.
 They are fully air-conditioned and provided with bottled
water, juice, coffee or tea, and meals during the journey.
Jan Shatabdi Express
 Jan Shatabdi Express is a more affordable variety of
the Shatabdi Express, which has both AC and non-AC
coaches

14. Luxury Trains
Luxury trains are designed to offer a very comfortable ride and evoke an
association with history and heritage. They have a special travel circuit and touch on heritage
spots and interesting tourist destinations. Some of them include;
Maharajas Express, Palace on Wheels, Deccan Odyssey, Golden Chariot, Fairy Queen etc.
They provide the best ambience that resembles the kings of olden times.

15. Maharajas Express
Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days
DESTINATIONS
COVERED
Mumbai - Ajanta - Udaipur -
Jodhpur - Bikaner - Jaipur -
Ranthambore - Agra - Delhi
FARE STARTING
FROM
USD 3850
SEASON October to April
DISTANCE
COVERED
2591 kms approx
Maharajas Express comprises of 14 guest carriages which can accommodate 88 guests
on board. There are 20 Deluxe Cabins, 18 Junior Suites, 4 Suites and a plush Presidential Suite offering
elegant living comparable to 5 star living.

16.  Deccan Odyssey
Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days
DESTINATIONS
COVERED
Mumbai - Aurangabad -
Tadoba - Ajanta Caves -
Nashik - Kolhapur - Goa -
Mumbai
FARE STARTING
FROM
USD 5810
SEASON Oct to Apr
The Deccan Odyssey is a venture of the Maharashtra Government and the Ministry of
Railways, The train ride through the hinterlands of Maharashtra, the majestic Western Ghats, into
the Deccan Plateau and Konkan. The train offers accommodation in 40 deluxe cabins in 10
coaches. It also has 4 presidential suites in 2 cars, 1 Conference car with business center, 2
restaurants, a well-stocked bar and a spa with steam, massage, a mini gym and a parlor

17.  Palace on Wheels
Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days
DESTINATIONS
COVERED
Delhi - Jaipur - Sawai
Madhopur - Chittorgarh -
Udaipur - Jaisalmer - Jodhpur
- Bharatpur - Agra - Delhi
FARE STARTING
FROM
USD 3500
SEASON Sep till Apr
DISTANCE
COVERED
2,411 kms approx
The Palace on Wheels was launched by the Indian Railways in association with Rajasthan
Tourism Development Corporation to promote tourism in Rajasthan. There are 23 coaches in the train.
104 tourists can travel in train. The train includes two restaurants; (Maharaja & Maharani Restaurant),
Sitting lounge, Spa etc.

18.  The Golden Chariot
Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days
DESTINATIONS
COVERED
Bangalore - Chennai -
Pondicherry - Thanjavur -
Madurai - Thiruvananthapuram -
Alleppey - Kochi - Bangalore
FARE STARTING
FROM
USD 5530
SEASON Oct to Apr
DISTANCE COVERED 1,888 kms approx
The Golden Chariot is operated by the Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation.
The train offers accommodation in 44 cabins in 11 coaches, It also has two restaurants, a lounge bar, and
conference, gym and spa facilities.

19.  Steam Express - Fairy Queen
Tour Duration 1 Nights / 2 Days
DESTINATIONS
COVERED
Delhi- Alwar- Rewari -
Alwar -Delhi
FARE STARTING
FROM
₹12375
SEASON Oct to Mar
The Fairy Queen, is the oldest working Steam Locomotive in the world, built in 1855.
It occasionally runs between New Delhi and the Alwar with overnight stay in Sariska Tiger Reserve.
The Steam Express has a 60-seater air-conditioned chair car and a well maintained pantry car for
on board catering.

20. Regular Express/Mail trains
• Mail/Express trains are Regular Express rail services
of India.
• Express trains make a small number of stops.
• Mail trains offer reserved accommodation and
unreserved coaches
• Average speed between 40 and 55 kmph in general
Superfast Express/Mail trains
• Superfast Mail/Express trains are express rail services
of India
• They make few stops, unlike other Mail/Express trains
• Superfast trains are generally higher in priority than regular
Express/Mail trains
• Average speed between 55 and 60 kmph

21. Passenger trains
• Passenger trains runs between major junctions and
small stations
• Passenger trains are usually fully unreserved
• Fares on Passenger trains are lower than any other
type of train
• Average speed between 25 and 40 kmph
Special trains
• Special trains are introduced during periods of especially at high demand
• A temporary basis to handle peak Summer/Festival traffic

22. Metro Rail
• Metro rails are also called as Rapid transit
• Provides good connectivity in the congested cities of India
• Currently 10 operational metro systems in ten cities in India
Kolkata, Delhi, Bengaluru, Gurugram, Mumbai, Chennai,
Jaipur, Kochi, Hyderabad, and Lucknow.
• Kolkata Metro rail is the oldest metro service in the
country. Established in 1984

23. EMERGING TRENDS

24. BULLET TRAINS
 Indian Railways has introduced the Diamond Quadrilateral project to
establish a high speed rail network in India, that will connect the four mega
cities in India; Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata & Chennai
 The new high-speed service will use Japanese Shinkansen system (Bullet
train) and locomotives
 India's first high speed rail link connecting Mumbai to Ahmedabad, expected
to operational by 2022

25. “Train 18” Indian Railways
first semi-high speed train
 Self-propelled train would be able to travel at speeds of 160 kmph
 Replace Shatabdi Express trains on the network.
 Train 18 is expected to replace India’s fastest Shatabdi Express train on
the Delhi-Bhopal route from January 2019

26. SarabindhGMano
1stMTTM