FISHERY RESOURCES
P.SHOBIYA
Department of Fisheries
University of Jaffna

 It refers to elements of a natural aquatic resource which can be legally
caught by fishing. It may sometimes be taken as including also the
habitat of such resources.
 It means any one or more stocks or species of fish and aquatic life.
WHAT IS FISHERY RESOURCES?
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 “Fisheries” : the harvesting and farming
of aquatic animals and plants, and the
related industries, which include
processing and distribution of the
products.
 “Resources” : various materials used by
human beings in carrying out the activities
of their productions.
 “fisheries resources” : the fisheries
biological aggregations being used
presently or to be used in future by fishing
activities.
FISHERIES + REOURCES = FISHERIES RESOURCES
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LIVING & NON - LIVING RESOURCES
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LIVING AND NON – LIVING RESOURCES
BIOTIC
 Living part of the environment
 Interdependence of all organisms living in the
aquatic environment
 Aquatic animals, Aquatic plants and Micro
organisms
ABIOTIC
 Non living part of the environment
 Tempertaure,light,water,soil,rocks,sali
nity,pressure,substratum,etc.
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AQUATIC ANIMALS
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INVERTEBRATES : CNIDARIA
• Cnidarians have radially
symmetrical body.
• There are two forms as Polyps
and Medusa.
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INVERTEBRATES : ANNELIDA
• Body is bilaterally symmetrical.
• They are vermiform (worm-like body shape).
• Body consists of segments. Therefore, known as segmented worms. 8

INVERTEBRATES : MOLLUSCA
• They are bilaterally symmetrical.
• Soft bodied animals.
• Possess a muscular foot.
• Some Molluscs bear shells.
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INVERTEBRATES : ARTHROPODA
• Arthropods are bilaterally
symmetrical.
• Their body possesses an external
skeleton/exoskeleton.
• All Arthropods have jointed
appendages
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INVERTEBRATES : ECHINODERMATA
• Spiny skin
• A five part body
• Water vascular system
• Tube feet
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VERTEBRATES : PISCES
• Body is invariably streamlined.
• The body is covered with scales.
• Has fins to swim through water and to balance while swimming.
• Breathe using gills.
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VERTEBRATES : AMPHIBIA
• Skin is thin, moist and glandular. No scales in the
skin.
• Some species use limbs for locomotion.
• Respiration is carried out by lungs, through wet
skin or mouth.
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VERTEBRATES : REPTILIA
• Possess a dry skin with scales. No glands are
present in the skin.
• Use limbs for locomotion. But some reptiles are
limbless.
• Breathe using lungs.
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VERTEBRATES : AVES
 Streamlined body is designed for flying.
 Body is covered with feathers.
 They do not have teeth but the beak is adapted for feeding.
 Breathe using lungs
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VERTEBRATES : MAMMALS
 Have lungs to breathe
 Have hair
 Bear live young
 Presence of mammary gland
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 Source of food
 Economy ,trade and transportation
 Recreation
 Biodiversity
 Medical potential/drug
 Climate
 Fossil fuel and energy source
IMPORTANCE OF FISHERY RESOURCES
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 Overfishing and by catch
 Habitat damage
 Climate change
 Marine Pollution Drainage, Sewage,
Eutrophication
 Gear Loss and Ghost Fishing
 Illegal fishing methods
FISHERIES IMPACT ON RESOURCES
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 To maintain ecosystem health, integrity and sustainability.
 Protect the productive potential of the system other than protecting an individual
species or stock as a resource.
 Make decision regarding balancing human needs with resource productivity
requirements.
 Species sustainability keeping biomass levels above levels where recruitment could be
affected
 Ecosystem sustainability Ensuring that any impacts on ecosystem structure and function
are kept at acceptable levels
THE NEED TO CONSERVE FISHERY RESOURCES
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Overfishing and by catch
 Restricted entry to fishery, catch quotas, limits or requirements on gear, limits on
fishing seasons, limits on fishing areas, no take areas, prohibitions on dumping or
discarding gear.
 Attempts to reduce or eliminate government subsidies
 contributing to fishing over-capacity.
 Government control programs based on minimizing ecosystem effects
 Surveillance and compliance programs including VMS.
CONSERVATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES
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Habitat damage
 Limits on gear, limits on fishing areas, no-take areas.
 Fixed mooring systems in sensitive (eg coral) environments.
 Surveillance and compliance programs.
 Protection of the catchment of high conservation value estuaries and rivers to
maintain natural water flows and water quality.
CONSERVATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES
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Climate change
 International agreements, such as those focused on greenhouse gasses or chlorofluorocarbons or
and the implementation programs which follow, including incentives, prohibitions and market-based
schemes aimed at reducing GG emissions.
CONSERVATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES
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Pollution
 Focused on fixed point sources, mobile point sources and diffuse terrestrial sources –
including dumping and emissions to air and water .
 Controls on marine noise.
 Controls focused on specific pollutants, such as plastics or highly toxic or radio-active
substances.
 Integrated coastal and river basin planning, including objectives to limit the passage of
nutrients and other pollutants to the marine environment.
 Surveillance and compliance programs.
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CONSERVATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES