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1. Financial
Crisis
Yo u r C o m p a n y N a m e

2. 2008 Financial Crises Impact Explained In Numbers Option (1/2)
2
Housing Prices fell
31.8%
Unemployment was still
9% in 2010
$30 Bn federal guarantee for deal between
JP Morgan Chase & Bear Stearns
Federal bailout for AIG
$182 Bn
&
..guarantee 90% of all mortgages
Treasury department spent
$439.6 Bn buying bank &
car stocks
$144.5 Bn moved from money
market to treasury bonds
Source: The Balance 2019

3. 2008 Financial Crises Impact Explained In Numbers Option (2/2)
3
Housing Prices fell 31.8%
$30 Bn federal guarantee for deal between JP Morgan Chase &
Bear Stearns
Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac guarantee 90% of all mortgages
$144.5 Bn moved from money market to treasury bonds
Unemployment was still above 9% in 2010
$182 Bn federal bailout for AIG
Treasury department spent $439.6 Bn buying bank & car stocks
Source: The Balance 2019

4. Major Financial Bubble Burst of all Times
4
Dow Jones
Industrial Average
Losses neared 90%
by 1932
Precious Metal
Silver fell 66% in
2 months
Nikkei 225
20-year bear market,
losses hit 82%
NASADQ & the
Internet boom
Fell 30% 1 month after
record high
US Housing Market
Homebuilding stocks
lost 90%in value
Crude Oil
Dropped 77% in
6 months
Precious Metals
Silver fell 25% in 5 Days
1929
1980
1989
2000
2005
2008
2011
2017
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Bitcoin
Loss of 25% in just
1 day

5. Impact of the Great Recession on Investment Banks
5
Note: 1Bank of America acquired Merrill Lynch in September 2008; 2Lehman filed for bankruptcy and sold it’s investment banking business to Barclays & Nomura
Rank in 2007 Investment Bank Rank in 2018
1 Goldman Sachs 2
2 Deutsche Bank 6
3 Morgan Stanley 4
4 Citi 2
5 JP Morgan 1
6 Credit Suisse 7
7 UBS 10
7 Merrill Lynch1 NA
7 Lehman Brothers2 NA
10 Barclays 7

6. 2008 Financial Crises Cost
6
Total
U$$ 1,488B
APRA Tax Cuts
& Spending
U$$ 831B
TARP Bank Bailout
U$$ 440B
Bear Stearns Bailout
U$$ 30B
Fannie &
Freddie Bailout
U$$ 187B

7. Hank Paulson Timothy Geithner John Thain
Ben Bernanke Jamie Dimon Richard Fuld
Then: US Treasury
Secretary
Now: Chairman of
Paulson institute, a
think tank he set up
at the University of
Chicago in 2011
Then: Chairman,
Federal Reserve
Now: Senior advisor to
Citadel, a hedge fund
Then: President, Federal
Reserve bank of New
York, and later, treasury
secretary
Now: President
Warburg Pincus
Then: Chairman & CEO, JP
Morgan Chase & Co
Now: Same
Then: Chairman & CEO,
Merrill Lynch
Now: Member of
Supervisory board,
Deutsche bank AG
Then: Chairman & CEO,
Lehman Brothers Holdings
Now: Founder, Chairman &
CEO Matrix Investment
Management
Key Figures of the Crises
7

8. Although the U.S. economy nicely withstood terrorist attacks, the bust of the dot-com bubble and accounting scandals, the fear of recession was the top
concern for everyone
To keep recession away, the Federal Reserve lowered the Federal funds rate 11 times - from 6.5% in May 2000 to 1.75% in December 2001 - creating
enormous liquidity in the economy
To make things merrier, in October 2004, SEC relaxed the net capital requirement for five investment banks - Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch, Lehman
Brothers, Bear Stearns and Morgan Stanley - which freed them to leverage up to 30-times or even 40-times their initial investment
This easy and excess money found its prey in restless bankers and borrowers with little or no income; also referred as Subprime borrowers
(Explained in Appendix)
These subprime borrowers wanted to realize their life's dream of acquiring a home
More home loans, more home buyers, more appreciation in home prices
It wasn't long before things started to move just as the cheap money wanted them to
Before the Beginning
8
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In 2001, the U.S. economy underwent
a minor, short-lived recession

9. What Happened then?
9
This environment of easy credit
and the upward spiral of home
prices made investments in higher
yielding subprime mortgages look
like a new rush for gold
This environment of easy credit
and the upward spiral of home
prices made investments in higher
yielding subprime mortgages look
like a new rush for gold
Even this wasn’t enough, what
was going to happen next
worsened the situation
The mortgage lenders wanted more
money to lend to homebuyers, so
they sold their existing loans to
banks and to Freddie Mac and
Fannie May, which in turn sold these
to investment banks
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10. How did it Spread?
10
The investment banks combined these loans with hundreds of others into what are known as collateralised debt obligations (CDOs) (Explained
in Appendix) and sold these to investors worldwide as mortgage-backed securities (MBS)
The returns depended on monthly payments on the loans
CDO issuance hit $634 billion in 2007
Credit Rating agencies called these sound investments,
when they were not. No surprise there, as the
investment banks were their clients

11. How did those who Bought CDO Protect themselves?
11
Insurance companies used these instruments to cover investors’
losses if homebuyers defaulted on loans
A traditional insurance company known as the American International Group (AIG) sold
these swaps. When the derivatives lost value, AIG didn't have enough cash flow to honor
all the swaps
They thought an insurance product called credit default swaps protected them
No one expected the party to wind down and so there were no worries
This is where another infamous term from the crisis comes in: credit
default swaps

12. Beginning of the End
12
Housing prices started falling in 2006 and homebuyers began defaulting on their loans, which meant insurance companies couldn’t honour
all their credit default swaps
Within a few weeks in September 2008, Lehman Brothers, one of the world’s biggest financial institutions, went bankrupt
£90bn was wiped off the
value of Britain’s biggest
companies in a single day
Banks panicked when they
realized they would have to
absorb the losses. They
stopped lending to each other.
They didn't want other banks
giving them worthless
mortgages as collateral
As a result, interbank
borrowing costs, LIBOR, rose.
This mistrust within the
banking community was the
primary cause of the 2008
financial crisis
The Federal Reserve began
pumping liquidity into the
banking system via the Term
Auction Facility. But that
wasn't enough

13. Subprime Effect
13
This graph/chart is linked to excel, and changes automatically based on data. Just left click on it and select “Edit Data”.
UK
Netherlands
Germany
France
Belgium
USA
China
Australia
Sub-Prime Effect

14. Major Bailout Packages
14
Bear Stearns approached JP Morgan Chase to bail it out
The Fed had to sweeten the deal with a $30 billion guarantee. By 2012, the Fed had received full payment for its loan
The Fed loaned $85 billion to AIG as a bailout. Later, the Fed and Treasury restructured the bailout and total cost ballooned to $182
billion. But by 2012, the government made a $22.7 billion profit
TARP (Troubled Asset Relief Fund) disbursed $442.6 Bn to banks for bailout
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Treasury Secretary took over mortgage companies Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac costing $187 billion at the time. Since then, Treasury has
made enough in profits to pay off the cost

15. Banks have Paid Billions of Dollars in Fine
15
56%
38%
6%
Sales
North American
Regulators
European Regulators
Consumers
Recipients of Penalties
Source: Boston Consulting Group; Thomson Reuters
Penalties paid by banks between 2009 & 2016 is
$321 Bn
North American Banks
63%
European Banks
37%

16. After a Decade – Current Scenario
16
While the world economy has recovered from the
crisis and the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen
nearly four times since its 12-year low in March 2009,
big worries remain:
Top 10 commercial banks still account for more
than half of the assets held by 100 largest
commercial banks, similar to a decade ago
S&P, Fitch and Moody’s are still dominant players,
earning more than $9 out of every $10 in the
credit-rating industry
Some complex derivative instruments vilified during
the crisis are back in demand. For instance, synthetic
CDOs, which invest in CDSs, were expected to
quadruple to $100 bn in 2017 from 2015
US President Donald Trump wants to dismantle the
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act, a key law passed in 2010 to tighten
financial regulation in the aftermath of the crisis
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17. Fed Tapering
17
Tapering is the gradual reversal of a quantitative easing policy
implemented by a central bank to stimulate economic growth
Tapering came to the picture in 2013 when, then Fed chairman, Ben Bernanke commented that
the Federal Reserve would
Tapering prematurely can lead to a recession while delaying it could lead to an unwelcome
rise in inflation
Tapering refers to the reduction, not the elimination, of Fed asset purchases
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18. Quantitative Easing
18
Quantitative easing is an unconventional monetary policy in which a central bank purchases government
securities or other securities from the market in order to lower interest rates and increase the money supply
Quantitative easing increases the money supply by flooding financial institutions with capital
in an effort to promote increased lending and liquidity
Quantitative easing is considered when short-term interest rates are at or approaching
zero, and does not involve the printing of new banknotes
….which should lower short-term interest rates &
increase the capital available to institutions to promote
increased lending and liquidity
A central bank can implement quantitative easing by purchasing government bonds
from commercial banks and other private institutions,

19. Financial Crisis Icons Slide
19

20. 20
Additional Slides

21. Our Mission
21
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Vision
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Mission
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Goal

22. Name Here Name Here
Name Here
Designation
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Designation
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Designation
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Our Team
22

23. Comparison
23
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75%
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85 %
Laptop Users Mobile Users

24. Our Target
24
Target 01
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Target 02
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Target 03
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25. Financial
25
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Minimum
50%
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Medium
75%
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Maximum
95%

26. 30 60 90 Days
30 Days Plan
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60 Days Plan
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90 Days Plan
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27. Timeline
27
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
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Start
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