KINEMATICS AND
DYNAMICS OF
CONVEYOR BELT
Power point presentation
Created by;- Somdeep Sarkar

CONTENTS
01
02
03
04
Essential characteristics of belt
materials
Belt Manufacturing Companies
Specification of V-belt and
flat belts
Applications of different belts in
the industries

Discussing the essential characteristics
of Belt materials.
01

Essential Characteristics that a belt material should
posses are as follows:-
● It should be flexible
● It should be reliable and durable.
● The material can withstand high tensile stress.
● More temperature can be resisted.
● Low weight per unit length.
● High coefficient of friction between belt and pulley.
● It should have excellent resistance to wear and fatigue.

“Discussing the points briefly”
1. Why the belt material should be flexible?
Flexible mechanical elements (belts, chains, ropes) are used in conveying systems and to
transmit power over long distances (instead of using shafts and gears). The use of flexible
elements simplifies the design and reduces cost.
2. Reasons behind its reliabiltiy and durability.
So that it won’t break in between the operations and last for a longer period of time.
3. More temperature can be resisted.
Of all the demands placed on conveyor belts, heat is usually the most unforgiving and
damaging. High-temperature environments accelerate the ageing process, which causes the
rubber to harden and crack. Heat also has a seriously harmful effect on the belt carcass itself
because it damages the adhesion between the cover and the carcass and between the fabric
plies contained within the carcass. This literally causes the belt to fall apart. This is
commonly referred to as ‘de-lamination’.

4. Low weight per unit length advantages.
Lower linear weight decreases the belt tension necessary to control sag,
indentation losses, and the tension required to lift the material.
5. High coffecient of friction between belt and pulley.
The material from which belt is made of should have high coefficient of friction. To
withstand the tensions created, the belt material should have high tensile strength.
6. Excellent resistance to wear and fatigue.
To have chemical stability, oil and other solvent resistance must be fair for longer
period operations.

Transmission Belt Manufacturing
Companies
02

Established in 1949 as one of the oldest rubber mechanical belt manufacturing
companies in India . It’s Headquater situated in Pune .
It initially a rubber conveyor belt manufacturer . Established in 1987 . Global
manufacturer of all type of mechanical belt . Provide Conveyor belt in agro ,
cement , chemical , foundries and many more industries .

Vertical of Fenner Dunlop Belting Worldwide . One of the leading Mechanical
belting company in the world . Foundd in 1950s . Headquater in Madurai ,
Tamil nadu.
The leading mechaniacal belt manufacturer oin India with ISO_9001
certification . Incoporated in 2000 at Jodhpur . Produce all types of
transmission belts .

Specification of V-belt and Flat belt
03

The v-belts are made of rubber with fabric cords to transmit power and its
covered with a protective layer. The cords transmit the force from the driver
to the driven pulley, thereby transmit the power. The number of cords are
increased based on the force requirements. The rubber layer transmits the
force in cord to the side layers.
V-belts are widely used in industry and automobiles because of its power
transmitting capacity. the wedge shape of the belt increases the area of
contact with the pulley there by increasing more friction which makes it ti
carry more power without slip

• Based on cross sectional sizes, they are classified in six standard types.
• They are 'Z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'.
• The cross section area of the types are in ascending order.
BELT
SECTION
WIDTH ‘b’ mm THICKNESS
‘t’mm
Min. pitch dia
of pulley
‘d’ mm
Correction
mm
Z 10 6 85 30
A 13 8 75 36
B 17 11 125 43
C 22 14 200 56
D 32 19 315 79
E 38 23 500 92

• As shown in fig. the central load
carrying textile, nylon or steel cords.
• Surrounding rubber to transmit
pressure from cords to side walls.
• And the outer wall is of fabric and
rubber cover.
• The belts are made endless.

 The belt run in sheaves
 The included angle for V-belt is 40°.
 The pulley groove angle is 38
 The power is transmitted due to the wedging
action between the belt and the side of the
pulley groove.
 A clearance must be provided between the
bottom of the belt and the pulley groove.
 To improve the capacity for large power
transmission, multiple belts may be used.
 For heavy duty application, 12 or more belts
may be used for transmission.

• V-belts are designed by the symbol of cross section with the inside
length of the belt in mm.
• The relation between pitch length and inside length of V-belts is
written as follow:
Pitch Length = Inside length + correction
(L) (Li) (δ)
• For example, E 3333 is having C-section belt and 3333 mm inside
length

What is Flat Belt Drive?
The drive is obtained by using either flat
belts or V- belts. Flat belt drives are suitable
to transmit power from one place to
another place when the distance between
the two places or pulleys or shafts is larger.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAT BELT DRIVE
• Flat belts have a rectangular cross-section, where width of belt is much
larger than thickness.
• The pulleys for flat belt drive are simple in construction and thus cheaper.
• In flat belt drive, only one surface of the belt remains in contact with the
pulley.
• Wide range of velocity ratio can be obtained by utilizing stepped pulleys of
different diameters and easily shifting belt from one pulley to another.
• Flat belts can be used for transmitting power to a long center distance
(even up to 15m).

Application of V-belts and Flat belts
in the industry
04

• They are used in motors to drive blowers,
compressors, machine tools, farm and
industrial machinery.
• Most common use of V-belt drive in the internal
combustion engine.
• The other uses of V-belt drive are in
automobiles to drive the accessories.

Application of flat belt drive in industry
*A belt drive is used to transfer power.
--Belts may be used as a source of motion, to
transmit power efficiently or to track relative
movement. Belts are looped over pulleys and may
have a twist between the pulleys, and the shafts
need not be parallel.

*The belt drive is used in the Mill industry.
--Belt systems are used in grain belt conveyors, sawmills, printing
presses, punch presses, and more. They're even used in exhaust
fan systems and laundry machinery. They're most commonly
used when the two shafts (driving and driven) are very far apart,
as in a grain belt conveyor.

*The belt drive is used in Conveyor.
--As a source of motion, a conveyor belt is one application
where the belt is adapted to carry a load continuously between
two points. The belt drive can also be used to change the
speed of rotation, either up or down, by using different sized
pulleys.

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