This document discusses agricultural chemicals and pesticides. It notes that India is the second largest manufacturer of pesticides in Asia after China. It then lists the top 5 most widely used pesticides in the US. Exposure to pesticides can lead to health problems affecting the reproductive, developmental, neurological and immune systems. 65 pesticides are banned in the US but 13 controversial ones are still used. Residue from pesticides is commonly found on foods like apples, strawberries, grapes, celery and peaches. About 1 million deaths per year are attributed to pesticide poisoning worldwide. Going organic is presented as a solution to avoid pesticide exposure.

1. AGRICULTURAL
CHEMICALS
Stefanie Aragon, Ryan Bullis, Brian Poe, & Hunter Nettles

2. The production of pesticides started in India in 1952.

3. Photo source: https://ehsd.tamu.edu/Safety%20Manual/Agriculture%20Safety.aspx

4. India is now the second largest manufacturer of pesticides in Asia after China and
ranks twelfth globally

5. Five of the most widely used chemicals pesticides and herbicides permeating
America are:
● Glyphostate
● Atrazine
● Chlorpyrifos
● Metolachlor
● Metam Sodium

6. Photo source: https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/01/22/gmo-myth-farmers-drown-crops-in-dangerous-glyphosate-fact-they-use-eye-droppers/

7. In 2007 roughly 877 million pounds of active ingredients were applied to U.S.
cropland

8. Photo source: http://www.webmd.com/parkinsons-disease/ss/slideshow-parkinsons-overview

9. There are 65 known pesticides that are banned from the
production of food, by the FDA, in the United States.

10. Although 65 pesticides are banned in the states; 13 controversial pesticides are
still being used in the United States, but are banned elsewhere...

11. Photo Source: http://www.healthygutbugs.com/preventing-treating-food-poisoning-probiotics/

12. Azodicarbonamide, Blue No. 1&2, Tartrazine (Yellow 5), BHA & BHT
(Hydroxyanisole & Hydroxytoluene), Arsenic, rBGH & rBST, Potassium Bromate,
Brominated Vegetable Oil, Olestra, and Diphenylamine are all chemicals actively
being used in our country, while others have them banned.

13. In a 2013/2014 report from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, nearly 43 percent
of sampled infant food had residue found on them.
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/food/chemical-residues-microbiology/chemical-residues/eng/1324258929171/1324264923941
Government of Canada, inspection.gc.ca Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Website last accessed 03/20/2016.

14. Pesticide ResiduePhoto source: http://atikahnaaim.blogspot.com.es/

15. Top 5 foods with the most residue
• Apples
• Strawberries
• Grapes
• Celery
• Peaches
http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/food-recipes/healthy/news/g168/dirty-dozen-foods/
Good Housekeeping, Shapley, Dan, goodhousekeeping.com, 02/01/2015, website last accessed 03/20/2016

16. Residue on our food…

17. The world-wide deaths and chronic diseases due to pesticide poisoning number about 1
million per year

18. The high risk groups exposed to pesticides include production workers, formulators,
sprayers, mixers, loaders and agricultural farm workers.

19. Unintentional poisonings kill an estimated 355 000 people globally each year

21. DIRTY DOZEN
CHEMICALS
DECIDED ON AT THE 2001 STOCKHOLM
CONVENTION

22. CHLORDANE
• Insecticide used on crops,
including vegetables, small grains,
potatoes, sugar cane, sugar beets,
fruits, nuts, citrus, and cotton
• Used on home lawn and garden
pests. Also used extensively to
control termites

23. ALDRIN AND DIELDRIN
Insecticide used on crops such as
corn and cotton; also used for
termite control

24. DDT
Insecticide used on agricultural
crops, primarily cotton, and
insects that carry diseases such
as malaria and typhus

25. EDRIN
• Insecticide used on crops such as
cotton and grains as well as to
control rodents

26. MIREX
Insecticide used to combat fire ants,
termites, and mealy bugs
Also used as fire retardant in
plastics, rubber and electrical
products

27. HEPTACHLOR
• Insecticide used primarily against
soil insects and termites. Also
used against some crop pests
and to combat malaria

28. HEXACHLOROBENZENE
Fungicide used for seed treatment
Also an industrial chemical used to
make fireworks, ammunition,
synthetic rubber, and other
substances
Also unintentionally produced during
combustion and the manufacture
of certain chemicals
Also and impurity in certain
pesticides

29. PCB’S
• Used for a variety of industrial
processes and purposes, including
electrical transformers and
capacitors as heat exchange
fluids, paint additives, in
carbonless copy paper, and in
plastics
• Also unintentionally produced
during combustion

30. TOXAPHENE
Insecticide used to control pests on
crops and livestock, also to kill
unwanted fish in lakes.

31. DIOXINS AND FURANS
• Unintentionally produced during
most forms of combustions,
including burning of municipal and
medical wastes, backyard burning
of trash and industrial processes
• Can be found as trace
contaminants in certain herbicides,
wood preservatives and in PCB
mixtures

32. Photo Source: http://grocerynews.org/images/pesticide-contamination-water-soil-river-food-plants-spray-apples.png

33. EXPOSURE TO THESE CHEMICALS CAN LEAD
TO:

34. PROBLEMS WITH
Reproductive system
Development
Behavior
Neurology
Immune Deficiencies

35. Please pause the slideshow and press play on the video.

36. The Solution

38. What is organic?
Organic produce and other ingredients are grown without the use of pesticides,
synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, genetically modified organisms, or ionizing
radiation. Animals that produce meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products do not
take antibiotics or growth hormones.

39. Benefits of going organic
Keep chemicals out of the air, water, soil and our bodies
Reduce if not eliminate off farm pollution
Build healthy soil
Food will taste better and have truer flavor
Healthier environment as a whole

41. Facts about going organic
Organic food is sold to consumers through three main venues in the United
States—conventional grocery stores, natural food stores, and direct-to-
consumer markets.
A typical organic consumer is difficult to pinpoint, but new research continues to
shed light on consumer attitudes and purchasing behavior.
Organic price premiums continue to remain high in many markets as the demand
for organic products expands.

42. Photo Source: http://healthmogulold.blogspot.com/

43. Bibliography
Mayfield, Erin N., and Catherine Shelley Norman. "Moving Away from Methyl Bromide: Political Economy of Pesticide Transition for
California Strawberries since 2004." Journal of Environmental Management 106 (2012): 93-101. Academic Journal. 17 Mar. 2015.
Forestral Design. "Organic Education." Organic.org. 2016. Web. 11 Apr. 2016.
“Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Global Issue. A Global Response.” EPA. Environmental Protection Agency. Web. 06 Apr 2016.
“Dioxins and Their Effects on Human Health.” World Health Organization. Web. 06 Apr.2016
Aktar. Md. Wasim. Dwaipayan Segupta. And Ashim Chowdhury. “Impact of Pesticides Use in Agriculture: Their Benefits and Hazards.”
Interdisciplinary Toxicology 2.1 (2009); 1-12 PMC. Web. 09 Apr 2016
“U.S. Food and Drug Administration.” Food Additive Status List. Web. 08 Apr. 2016
Kim, Susan. “11 Food Ingredients Banned Outside the U.S. That We Still Eat Here.” ABC News. ABC News Network. Web. 08 Apr.
2016
"Organic Education." Organic.org. 2016. Web. 11 Apr. 2016.

44. Bibliography
"GMO Myth: Farmers." Genetic Literacy Project. 2015. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
"Parkinson's Disease Pictures: Famous People With Parkinson's." WebMD. WebMD. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
"Preventing and Treating Food Poisoning with Probiotics." HealthyGutBugscom. 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Greene, Catherine. "USDA ERS - Organic Agriculture: Organic Market Overview." USDA ERS - Organic Agriculture: Organic Market
Overview. 7 Apr. 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.
Steinberger, Jillian. "The Future Strawberry: Will the Loss of a Major Pesticide Help the Industry to Go Green? | Civil Eats." Civil Eats
The Future Strawberry Will the Loss of a Major Pesticide Help the Industry to Go Green Comments. 11 Jan. 2015. Web. 18 Mar. 2016.