River X Section Mahananda Presentation

1. CONDUCTING RIVER CROSS
SECTION SURVEY OF
MAHANANDA RIVER AND ITS
TRIBUTARIES
Under National Hydrology Project
REVIEW OF SURVEY REPORT
GOVERNMENT OF BIHAR
WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

2. The river Mahananda is a major Northern tributary of the river Ganga. It
originates in the Himalayas at Chimali near the town of Kurseng in Darjeeling
District of West Bengal at an altitude of 2060 m. This river is flowing through
Nepal, India and Bangladesh.
In the plains of Bihar, flooding is experienced along both the banks of
Mahananda all along its course starting from near Sonapurhatt up to its outfall
in the Ganga.
The river remains above the bankful level for 3 to 4 days. The problem of
spilling is no less severe in the right bank tributaries of the Mahananda
originating in Nepal, whose contribution to the flow of Mahananda exceeds
that of main stream of Mahananda itself.
Besides flooding, bank erosion is also a common feature of the Mahananda
river system. In Bihar, erosion takes place at Dhabaul, Ajamnagar, Baharkhal
and Gobindpur-Sikatiya. and in upper reaches also. In order to have a better
water resources management of Mahananda basin, it is essential to go for
mathematical modeling of this basin.
The objective of the present assignment is to collect precise level data
at close intervals across the selected river reaches and the associated
embankments for creating high precise river cross sections from
countryside Natural Surface Levels (NSL) on one bank to countryside
NSL on the other bank including channel bed profile.
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Project Overview

3. Project Layout Map
The prime objective of the assignment is to conduct river
cross-section surveys along with embankment cross-section
including the detail of structures across the river and on the
Embankment/ Banks in Mahananda river basin including all
its tributaries viz Parman, Kankai, Burhi Kankai, Mechi,
Donk, Ratua and Bakra.
The observed cross sectional data will be used for carrying
out flood modelling exercises and flood forecasting in the
state including generation of necessary alerts/warning
system for the welfare of the people, maintenance of
existing embankments, planning of new embankments in
unprotected vulnerable areas, river training and flood
fighting works.

4. River Stretches as per TOR
Sl.
No.
River Name
River
Length
(km)
Number of Cross-
Section (Nos)
Length of Cross-Section (km)
Land
Portion
Water
Portion
Total
1 Mahananda 237 187 360 89 449
2 Parman 175 244 120 29 149
3 Kankai 96 56 39 10 49
4 Burhi Kankai 29 24 15 4 19
5 Mechi 47 25 25 7 32
6 Donk 67 47 58 15 73
7 Ratua 37 32 12 4 16
8 Bakra 120 111 34 9 43
Total:- 808 726 663 167 830

5. River Stretches Submitted
Sl.
No.
River Name
Number of
Cross- Section
(Nos)
Length of Cross-Section (km)
Weighted %
Land
Portion
Water
Portion
Total
1 Mahananda 60 97.64 6.28 103.92 12.52%
2 Parman 278 134.79 20.25 155.04 18.68%
3 Kankai 59 45.10 7.48 52.58 6.34%
4 Burhi Kankai 26 19.88 1.79 21.67 2.61%
5 Mechi 25 31.92 2.53 34.45 4.15%
6 Donk 51 66.51 6.16 72.67 8.75%
7 Ratua 35 15.50 2.00 17.50 2.11%
8 Bakra 125 38.34 6.16 44.49 5.36%
Total:- 659 449.67 52.65 502.32 60.52 %

6. Scope of Services
PLANNING REPORT
● Conducting Reconnaissance Survey
● Finalization of Survey Plan
● Identification of Existing Survey of India GTS/GCP Benchmarks
● Preparation of Planning Report
DETAIL TOPOGRAPHIC AND X-SECTION SURVEY
● Establishment of Primary Benchmarks through DGPS
● River Cross-Sectional survey extended upto 100-500 m beyond
the NSL (Natural Surface Level ) on both the banks.
● Levels at 5 to 10 m interval on each cross-section.
● L-Section of deepest bed level

7. Scope of Services
RIVER/EMBANKMENT STRUCTURE SURVEY
● Collection of information of structures along/across the
Mahananda River and its tributaries including geo-tagged
photographs, location, design, drawings from different
agencies (if available), measurement of visible dimensions
and current status.
ESTABLISHMENT OF MUSTO TYPE BENCHMARK
● Construction of Musto-Type Benchmarks
● Establishment of Secondary Benchmarks through
engraving or paint on existing structures

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Overview of Survey Report
The Survey Report described in detail all the work activities that are foreseen for Detail Topographic and X-section Survey of Rivers. It is designed to
give client confidence that the assignment will be carried out as agreed on in the contract and specifically to identify exactly what work is to be done.
This shows the whole working mechanism to the respective client i.e. Water Resources Department, Bihar.
Following activities are performed for preparation of Survey Report:
 Collection of precise level data at close intervals to generate cross-section, contour and assisted with high resolution satellite images for precise
targeting of crucial data collection point.
 Carrying out Cross-section Survey using modern technology like DGPS linked RTK and ADCP devices for the development of an accurate and
realistic cross-section.
 Survey is conducted for both land and water portion of the Mahananda rivers along with its tributaries in the river length of nearly 808 kms from
Indo Nepal Border upto the confluence of river Mahananda with river Ganga.
 All topographic data has been acquired, stored and processed in a Geo-referenced manner in user friendly standard format that can be accessed
both by CAD Programs such as AutoCAD and GIS programs such as Arc View, Geo media or Map Info etc.
We have completed the fieldwork of taking cross-sections of river Mahananda and its tributaries. The draft river cross section report of 60% work of
total was submitted on 30th May, 2022 through hard copies in 2 sets which was reviewed by FMISC and the concerning department of Water
Resource Department. A site visit was conducted based upon the draft cross section report on 14th and 15th of June, 2022 by concerning officers of
Water Resource Department. After the physical verification on site, the final cross section data has been submitted in hard copies in 5 sets of the
rivers on 27th June, 2022.

9. Survey Equipment
Trimble RTK R12 LT Machine RiverRay ADCP Machine

10. Survey Photographs

11. Survey Photographs

12. FIELD VALIDATION
Field Validation of surveyed cross section of the
Mahananda river and its tributaries were conducted on 14th
and 15th June, 2022.
The detailed approach and methodology adopted in the
project was discussed and explained to the concerning
officials.
The ground levels taken by DGPS were verified by RTK
equipment and found to be within permissible tolerance.
The bathymetric cross-sections were also taken at field in
presence of the concerning officers to co-relate with the
submitted data.

13. LEVELS VERIFIED AT CH. 60.135 KM OF MAHANANDA RIVER(X-50)
Field Validation of surveyed cross section of the Mahananda
river of Section no. 60 at Ch. 60.135 km.
The ground levels taken by DGPS were verified by RTK
equipment and verified with the data submitted.
The hydrographic cross sections were also taken at field and
verified with the data submitted.
Differences between Submitted levels and observed levels are
shown in images.
Water level
Ground level

14. SITE VISIT PHOTOGRAPHS

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Sample Survey of Parman River

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Sample Survey of Parman River

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Sample Survey of Bakra River

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Sample Survey of Ratua River

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Sample Survey of Kankai River

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Sample Survey of Burhi Kankai River

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Sample Survey of Mechi River

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Sample Survey of Donk River

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Sample Survey of Mahananda River

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Sample Survey of Mahananda River

25. Thank You!