1. • L.R.G.Deshmukh College of
Agriculture, Tiosa
CROP – Sunflower 🌻
Submitted To :- Dr.Shilpa Bonde
Submitted By :-
1. Chetan Hude ( SS – 1827)
2. Akshay Hugewar ( SS – 1828 )
3. Prachi ingole ( SS – 1829 )
4. Vrushali jambulkar ( SS – 1830 )
5. Sumit Jayale ( SS – 1831 )

2. Contents :-
1. Sunflower
2. Introduction
3. Floral Biology
4. Floral Morphology
5. Flower structure
6. Breeding Objectives
7. Breeding Methods
8. Maharashta Practical Achievements
9. Improved varieties and Hybrids
10.Objectives on Sunflower 🌻

3. Sunflower 🌻
 Botanical name:- Helianthus Annus
 Family:- Compositae
 Chromosome no:- 2N=34
 Origin:- United states, Mexico
 Mode of pollination:- Cross pollination
 Out crossing percentage:- >90%
SYSTEMATICS
Division : Phanerogams
Class : Dictoyledanae
Sub class: Gamepetalae
Order : Asterase
Family: Asteraceae
Genus : Helianthus
Species :annuus (2n=2x=34)
: tuberosus (2n=6x=102)

4. Introduction :-
 • Sunflower is an important oil seed crop after soybean
 • Its oil content ranges from 46 to 52%
 • The leading Sunflower growing countries are USSR, Bulgaria, Canada and USA
 • In India, this crop was Introduced in 1969
 • Sunflower seeds contain high amounts of vitamins like vitamin E, B, folate, and niacin and minerals like calcium,
copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, and zinc.
 ECONOMIC PRODUCTS :-
 • The stakes of the head are used to make compost.
 • Oil extracted from SF is edible as it is rich in un-saturated fatty acids like oleic (19%) and linoleic acids (68%).

5. Flower Biology:-
 • It is protandrous in nature.
 • Flowering starts in the early morning 6-10 am.
 • The pollen grain viability up to 12 hrs.
 • The stigma receptivity up to 2-3 days.
 • It is distinguished from all other cultivated plants by its single stem and
large inflorescence.
 • The inflorescence is capitulum.
 • It is having a bisexual flower.

6. Floral Morphology:-
In ray florets of sunflower, the flower is epigynous, i.e. ovary occupies the lowest position

7. Flower 🌻
✓ The number of flowers in oilseed cultivars may vary from 700 to 3000.
✓ The flower of the outer whorl of the head are called as ray florets.
✓ The other flowers arranged in concentric rings over the remainder of the
head are called as disc flowers.
✓ The achene or the fruit of the sunflower consists of a seed often called the
kernel.
✓ The adhering pericarp is usually called the hull.
✓ The seed consists of seed coat, endosperm and embryo.

8. Crop Overview
 🌱: Flowering :- 8 to 12 week means 56 – 84 days bloom period , it take 30 days
to bloom
 🌱: Harvest :- 110 to 125 days after planting
 🌱: Yield :-. Irrigated 4.0 t/ha crop yield and 1 to 3 t/ha oil yield
 🌱: Sowing Time :– January to june for flowering during summer Or September to
end of November

9. Breeding Objective :-
 i) High seed yield
 ii) Early maturity
 iii) Lodging resistant dwarf plant type
 iv) Uniformity of plant type
 v) High oil percentage
 vi) Tolerance to stress conditions
 vii) Resistance to bird damage
 viii) Resistance to diseases

10. BREEDING METHODS :
 1. Introduction
 2.Mass selection
 Ec 68414 from Russia. Col mass selection from Morden.
 Useful for characters which are highly heritable.
 E.g. Plant height, disease resistance.

 3. Hybridization and selection
 a) Intervarietal
 b) Interspecific :
 Wild species of North American origin and best
 Soviet varieties were crossed and number of varieties were evolved.
 They are resistant to Verticillium wilt also
 4. Mutation
 Co3 (Mutant from Co₂ thro’ gamma rays

11. Other Methods -
 5. Head to row and remnant seed method :-
 Developed by Pustovoit in Russia.
 6. Population improvement:-
 By mass selection, recurrent selection and
 use of male sterile lines population can be improved
 and utilised for breeding.
 7. Heterosis breeding :-
 Development of inbred lines and crossing them to
 harness heterosis was first done as early as 1920 in Russia.

12. Maharashtra Practical Achievements :-
 PDKV Akola :- PDKVSH-952 – year 2017
 MPKV Rahuri :- Phule Raviraj - 2009 , Tolerant to Necrosis, Alternaria and
Capitulum borer.
 ZARS Rahuri :- Phule Bhaskar (SS-0808)-2016
 MAU Latur :- LSFH-35 (Maruti) - 2008
 Advanta India Ltd :- PAC – 334 , 2009
 Advanta india Ltd :- Olisun 3794 (PAC-3794)-2013 ,
 For both rainfed/ irrigated & Kharif / rabi,resistant to
downey mildew

13. Improved Varieties & Hybrids

14. Objectives on Sunflower:-
 All India coordinated sunflower improvement project (Banglore)
 Directorate of oil seed Research (DOR) Hyderabad.
 Sunflower is Actinomorphic and epigynous’.
 Sunflower oil contet is 45 % to 50%
 First test of Sunflower in india was started in Pantnagar University 1969.
 Sunflower seed remains empty due to deficiency of Potassium
 First Hybrid variety of Sunflower is BSH -1
 Sunflower is used as boron Indicator

15. THANK YOU