3. SUBSTATION
• At substation, we can change some characteristic of line such as Voltage, ac-to dc,
frequency ,Power factor etc.
• Assembly of Apparatus i.e Transformer etc used for this purpose is the substation.
• Service requirement
• Transformer Substation
• Switching Substation
• Power Factor Correction
Substation
• Frequency changer Sub Station
• Converting substation
• Industrial Substation
• Constructional Features
• Indoor Substation
• Outdoor Substation
• Underground Substation
• Pole-mounted Substation
5. SMART GRID
• Intelligent or smart grid uses digital technology to improve reliability ,security
& efficiency of the electric system .
CHARACERISTICS :
•Enables informed participation by customers
• Accommodates all generation and storage options
• Enables new products services, and markets
• Provides the power quality for the range of needs
• Optimizes asset utilization and operating 90 ‰ efficiency
•Operates resiliently to disturbances, attacks and natural disasters.