Dr. S. Prakash discusses education and eradication of poverty in rural India. Unemployment, population growth, illiteracy, and defective planning are cited as key causes of poverty. Education is seen as critical to developing skills and empowering people. Government efforts include expanding access to schools, healthcare, electricity and jobs in rural areas. Non-formal education programs aim to reach more people, and teachers have an important role in adult education initiatives. Modernization requires new values and specialization to support scientific and technological progress. Overall, the presentation emphasizes that education is key to mobilizing people and developing the skills needed to reduce rural poverty in India.

1. Power point presentation
EDUCATION AND ERADICATION
OF POVERTY
Dr. S. Prakash
Principal
Thiagarajar College of Preceptors
Madurai

2. MEANING OF POVERTY
• Poverty is defined as
the state in which
people have neither
money nor property
and struggle to
meet their basic
requirements of
daily life.

3. CAUSES OF POVERTY
Unemployment
Population explosion
Illiteracy
Defective planning

4. • Poverty is intimately
related to the problem
of unemployment.
• Poverty could be
decreased to the
extent that we provide
right type to education
and develop
appropriate productive
skills through
vocational education
programmes and
socially useful courses.

5. POPULATION EXPLOSION
• Rapid increase
in population is
also one of the
important
factors
contributing to
poverty.

6. ILLITERACY
• Illiteracy and superstitions
also interfere in the
abolition of poverty.
• Due to illiteracy, people do
not have the capacity to
raise their economy status.
• Illiteracy results in the
potentials of our youths in
the age group of 15 to 35,
to go as a waste as it could
not profitably be used for
national development.

7. DEFECTIVE PLANNING
• As many a time,
developmental plans are
prepared, having the
interests of urban people
upper most in mind, rural
people get neglected.
• As India consists of
thousands of tiny villages,
Gandhiji advocated the
concept of “ grama fajya”.
That is why people at
present, insist on
‘Decentralised planning’.

8. CAUSES FOR INTENSE RURAL POVERTY
• As most of the rural people
are engaged in agriculture,
and that too as landless
labourers, they do not have
any work for 6 months in a
year.
• In the absence of basic
requirements of life.
• People living in villages, due
to their illiteracy and
ignorance could not
undertake any other
profitable self occupations,

9. • Those migrate to urban centres ,have to live in ‘slums’
and lead a pitiable life.
• The government does not impose any restrictions on
fixing the prices of urban produce where as
agricultural produce are to be sold only at
government fixed prices, which are highly
unremunerative for the agriculturists.

10. • Due to migration of
villagers in large
numbers to urban
centres, there is an acute
shortage in the
availability of skilled
labourers to be hired for
agricultural operations.
• Urban employees,
through the trade unions
of the organised sector
are able to bargain for
better remuneration,
commensurate to the
price-rise due to
inflation.

11. GOVERNMENT EFFORTS
TO ABOLISH RURAL
POVERTY

12. • For the upliftment of
the villages,
government has
initiated measures on
a war footing to
provide for basic
facilities like
protected drinking
water supply,
availability of electric
power, proper road
facilities, educational
and medical facilities.

13. • Government is
offering many
concessions for
establishing new
industries in rural
areas so as to
increase the
employment
opportunities of
the rural poor.

14. Primary health centres

15. Self employment

16. Adult education centres

17. EDUCATION AND ERADICATION OF
POVERTY
• Education is the root
cause in the
mobilisation of people’s
potentials for national
developmental projects
and economic growth.
That is why education is
considered as the
process of ‘human
resource development’.

18. COMPULSORY EDUCATION
• Today “ compulsory
primary education to all “ is
our slogan which forms a
constitutional right for the
people.
• Providing universe primary
education for all those in
the age group of 8 to 14 ,
should have been achieved
in our country by 1960
itself ; but this goal could
not be fulfilled even today ,
60 years after Indian
independence.

19. NON – FORMAL EDUCATION
• Importance of non – formal education could be well
understood as they have been emphasised by the
kothari education commission of 1968 and the national
policy of education, 1986.
• Even our five year plans, important role has been
assigned to non – formal education.
• Many modern strategies like ‘ open schools ‘ ,
‘correspondence education ‘ , ‘distance education’ etc.
have been adopted today in non – formal education.
• It has popularised the slogans ‘ you can learn at any
stage’ , ‘ learn what you like’ , ‘learn while you earn’ ,
‘learn during your lesiure’ etc.

20. Non formal education

21.  Teachers participating in
the ‘ adult education
programmes ‘ are given
special training in
methods of instruction
and provided with
monetary incentive.
 Today school and college
students are also made
to participate in adult
education programmes
and the slogan ‘ each
one, teach one ‘ is made
popular.

22.  To participate in the
technological revolution
of the present – day
society, every one
should have scientific
out – look which also
helps to strengthen
democratic tendencies,
eradicate prejudices and
intolerance that are
responsible for various
types of conflicts in the
country.

23. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES OF SCIENTIFIC
ATTITUDES ARE….
 Open – mindedness.
 Unbiased judgement.
 Objective analysis of all the
available data.
 Respecting other’s points of view.
 Suspending judgement in the face
of inadequacy of available data.
 Belief in science that it will do good
to the humanity.
 Belief in cause and effect
relationship.
 Following systematic standardised
procedure in the investigation of any
problem.
 scientific attitude is indespensible
for individual and national growth.

24. MODERNIZATION
• Taking over to the new values, attitudes and
habits of life that are commensurate with a
scientific and technological age is known as
modernization.

25. Important characteristics of
modernization are ….
• Increased specialisation in
work.
• Increased ‘ social mobility ‘
due to the occurrence of
change in status – levels.
• New work values develop;
‘time’ becomes a value in a
modernised society.
• Increased mobilisation of
people, due to group interests
within working class.
• Mass education is achieved
through mass communication.

26. Role of education organization and
teachers in the eradication of rural poverty
 As adult education
is an important
component of ‘Rural
reconstruction plan’
it is implemented in
schools by utilising
the services of
school teachers.
 No villages without
a middle or high
school within three
kilometres radius
from every village,
there is also a higher
secondary school.

27. • School complex system
• Content of school
subject and the school
timing were so adjusted
to suit the local needs
so that, almost all
children attend the
school regularly.
• Education is considered
as the key for the
eradication of rural
poverty.

28. • Navodaya schools
recommended in the
national policy of
education, 1986 is an
experiment in this
direction.
• Through the efficient
use of mass media like
radio and television,
classroom instruction of
expert teachers could be
made to reach out rural
school. Educational
satellites could also be
used in this regard.

29. THANKYOU