1. MICROTEACHING
“Teaching how to Teach”
K.THIYAGU, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Central University of Kerala, KasaragodThiyagusuriya 1
6. Microteaching as a
scaled down
teaching encounter
in
Class Size, Class Time
&
Content.
Allen D.W. (1966)
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7. Microteaching is a teacher training technique where the
complexities of the normal classroom teaching are reduced
by:
• Skill: One teaching skill at a time
• Content: Single Concept
• Class Size: Students 5 to 8
• Class Duration: 5 to 10 Minutes.
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10. In the Indian model of Micro-Teaching
developed by NCERT the duration of
Micro Teaching is as un
Cycle Minutes
Teach 6
Feedback 6
Re-plan 12
Re-teach 6
Re-feedback 6
Total 36
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11. Transfer Phase (Post-Instructional Phase)
Real Classroom Teaching with improved performance
Skill Acquisition Phase (Instructional Phase)
Prepare Micro lesson Practice Skill Evaluate Performance
Knowledge Acquisition Phase (Pre-instructional Phase)
Observe Demo Skill Analyze & Discuss Demo
Microteaching Phases
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12. Orientation & Demonstration
Lesson
Observation of the Lesson &
Criticism
Creating of Micro-Teaching Setting
Discussion & Selection of Teaching
Skills
Preparation & Practice of Teaching
Skill
Feedback, Re-plan, Re-reach &
Re-feedback, Repeat
Integration of Skills in real teaching
& Improve Performance
Teaching
Ladder:
Steps to make
effective teaching
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14. Equipment for Microteaching Session
TV / Computer
Camera & Tapes for camera
Audio Mixer / Mike
Blackboard or Whiteboard, Markers, Duster
Teaching Aids: Flipchart, Flashcard, Chart etc.
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17. Core Teaching Skills
During the origin of
microteaching,
almost
20 teaching skills
have been identified.
But, it has now increased up
to 37 or even more.
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18. •Arouse interest in the beginning
Set Induction
•Organised materials in a logical sequence & used
relevant Content matterExplanation
•Recognizing and encouraging Pupil’s
Reinforcement
•Sustaining the attentions of the pupil through various
stimulusStimulus Variation
•Asking meaning questions and giving clues through
questionsProbing Questions
•Use proper AV aides effectively
Using audio-video aids
•Use blackboard effectively
Use of Blackboard
•Control the Inappropriate behaviors from the Pupil
Classroom Management
Core Teaching Skills
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24. Skill of Explanation
S.No. Components Description of Behaviour
1 Beginning
Statement
Gaining attention / arousing interest
Today we are going to derive / discuss /describe
2 Clarity ❑ State concepts clearly
❑ Maintain logical sequence.
❑ Use suitable examples and illustration
❑ Develop the explanation from:
Known to unknown. Examples to rule.
3 Fluency ❑ Use simple language / easy flow of ideas
❑ Use appropriate vocabulary
4 Use of
Link Words
❑ Use linking words and phrases.
❑ Eg : therefore, similarly, that is, since, that is why, because, in order to, hence … etc.
5 Planned
Repetition
❑ Provide summaries to refocus attention
❑ Deliberately repeat some important concepts or points.
6 Stimulating
Questions
❑ Check the understanding by questioning.
❑ Thought provoking questions like how, why type.
7 Concluding
Statement
❑ Consolidate the ideas by summarizing.
❑ Conclude statements like ‘Thus we have proved / so far we discuss’ etc.
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28. Skill of Stimulus Variation
S.No. Components Description of Behaviour
1 Teacher
Movement
❑ Movement of the teacher from one spot to another with a specific purpose.
❑ Purposeful movement of the teacher from one spot to another
❑ Eg. Moves to the blackboard to write something on the board.
Moves towards the back of the classroom to check what the students are doing.
2 Teacher
Gesture
❑ Nonverbal cues like body movements, hand movement, facial expressions etc.
❑ Eg: To explain emotions, to indicate size, shapes etc.
3 Change in
Sensory focus
❑ Making use of the different senses like hearing, seeing, touching and so on.
❑ Eg: Focusing pupils attention on particular point or concept by using
▪ Verbal statement like ‘look at the blackboard’, ‘see the figure in the chart’ etc.
▪ Both verbal statements and non-verbal cues.
4 Change in
Speech Pattern
❑ Voice modulation to pay special attention to a particular point.
❑ Eg: Variation in time, pitch, speed of voice
5 Physical
Pupil Pattern
❑ Variation in physical involvement of the students
❑ Eg: Student moves towards the blackboard, Participate in the demonstration
6 Verbal
Pupil Pattern
❑ Involvement of the students through verbal communication style as: (1) teacher to group
(2)teacher to student (3) student to student
❑ Eg: Asking Questions, Discussion etc
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33. S.No. Components Description of Behaviour
1 Positive Verbal
Reinforcement
❑ Appreciating and Encouraging words
❑ Eg: Comments like ‘good’, ‘very good’, ‘excellent’ ‘Marvelous’ etc
2 Positive Non-verbal
Reinforcement (Gestures)
❑ Positive Facial Expressions;
❑ Eg: ‘Smile’ ‘Nodding the head’ ‘clapping’
3 Proximity ❑ Teacher moving towards the responding student
❑ Eg: Teacher gives hand shaking to the student & ask the question to
respective student in his / her near
4 Token
Reinforcement
❑ Giving gift, Prizes or Merit card / Giving extra or full internal marks
❑ Eg: Providing gift or prizes in the student did the task correctly
5 Activity
Reinforcement
❑ Giving a task, the student likes to perform
❑ Eg: Play way task, Classroom based games
6 Negative
Verbal
❑ Scolding or criticizing word
❑ Eg: Comments like ‘nonsense’ ‘dog’
7 Negative Non-verbal
(Gesture)
❑ Wrong Facial expressions
❑ Eg: ‘Frowning’ shows angriness to his face
Skill of Reinforcement
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39. Skill of Probing
Questioning
S.No. Components Description of Behaviour
1 Prompting ❑ Giving hints or clues through questions to lead the student from no response or
wrong response to correct response.
2 Seeking Further
Information
❑ Questions that lead the students from partially correct incomplete response to
correct answer.
3 Refocusing ❑ Questions that help the student to view his correct response in a broader
perspective.
4 Redirection ❑ Directing the same questions to other pupils when there is a wrong response,
incomplete response, partially right response,
5 Increasing Critical
Awareness
❑ It involves putting questions such as ‘how’ and ‘why’ to increase the critical
awareness of the pupils about the correct response.
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45. Skill of Using Blackboard
S.No
.
Components Description of Behaviour
1 Legibility in
handwriting
❖ Distinct letters
❖ Adequate spacing between letters and words
❖ Adequate size for the letters
❖ Different sizes for capital and small letters
❖ Uniform size for all capital letters
❖ Uniform size for all small letters
2 Neatness in
blackboard work
❖ Straightness of lines
❖ Adequate spacing between the lines
❖ Avoiding overwriting
❖ Focusing the relevant matter
3 Appropriateness of
blackboard work
❖ Continuity in the ideas
❖ Brevity and simplicity
❖ Drawing attention and focusing
4 Posture ❖ 45 degree posture
❖ Use pointers or sticks to show the specific points
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50. Skill of
Classroom
Management
Calling students by name
Give clear Directions
Keeping students in eye span
Making norm of classroom behaviour
Checking inappropriate behaviour
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60. Ground Rules
Respect others’ attempts to experiments & Take risks
Listen and speak in turn, so everyone can hear all
comments
Enjoy the journey and learn from the process
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71. Acknowledgement
• Google Search
• Pixabay
• Slideshare - Contributors
• Prof. Allen and Prof.B.K Passi
• References - Authors
• MS office PowerPoint
• My teachers
• My students
• Organizing Committee Thiyagusuriya 71