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1. Forest And Wildlife
ResourcesBY – BHUVAN MAHAMUNI

2. Ecosystem
 Ecosystem refers to a system that includes all
living organisms such as plants, animals,
microorganisms etc, in a habitat as well as its
physical environment such as weather, soil,
earth, sun, climate, rocks minerals etc,
functioning together as a unit.

3. Biosphere
 The biosphere is the narrow zone of contact
between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and
atmosphere, where natural vegetation and
wildlife exist.
 In the biosphere, living beings are inter-
related and interdependent on each other for
survival.

4. Flora And Fauna In India
 India is one of the world’s richest countries in
terms of its vast array of biological diversity.
 Different varieties of forest and wildlife
resources are found in India.

5.  India is home to around 1.6 million or nearly 8%
of all the species of flora and fauna found in the
world.
 India is home to around 47000 species of flora
and to over 81000 species of fauna.
 Over-exploitation and insensitivity towards our
environment has led to large-scale degradation
of biodiversity in India.
 The popular fauna of India includes 500 different
varieties of mammals, 2000 species of birds,
30.000 types of insects and several varieties of
fish, amphibians and reptiles.

6. Types Of Plants And Animals Species
 Normal Species: Species whose population
levels are considered to be normal for their
survival, such as cattle, sal, pine, rodents, etc.

7. Normal Species

8.  Endangered Species: These
species are in danger of
extinction. For examples,
species are black buck,
crocodile, Indian wild ass,
Indian rhino, lion tailed
macaque.

9.  Vulnerable Species: These
are species whose
population has declined
to levels that it is likely to
move into the
endangered category in
the near future if it
continues to decline in the
same manner. Such as
Blackbuck, Nilgiri Langur,
Yak etc.

10.  Rare Species: Species
with a small population
may move into the
endangered or
vulnerable category if the
negative factors affecting
them continue to
operate. Such as Giant
Panda, Wild Bactrian
camel, Cheetah etc.

11.  Endemic Species:
These are species
which are only found
in some particular
areas usually isolated
by natural or
geographical
barriers.Such as
Kashmiri stag, purple
frog etc.

12.  Extinct Species:
These species may
be extinct from a
local area, region,
country, continent
or the entire earth.
Such as Dodo,
Tasmania tiger etc.

13. Conservation Of Forest
 Conservation is the best way of preserving
ecological diversity and it is also responsible
for preserving the genetic species of plants
and animals.
 The Indian government in 1972 implemented
the Indian Wildlife Protection Act for
protecting habitats and different species.

14.  The government also launched several
projects for protecting flora and fauna in
India.

15. Thank you